responses of terrestrial plants to ambient solar uv b

... 140:103–125 Bray EA, Bailey-Serres J, Weretilnyk E (2000) Responses < /b> to < /b> abiotic stresses In: Buchanan BB, Gruissem W, Jones RL (eds) Biochemistry and molecular biology of < /b> plants < /b> American Society of < /b> Plant ... Italy Abdul Wahid Department of < /b> Botany, University of < /b> Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan Haibo Xin Key Laboratory of < /b> Photosynthesis and Environmental Molecular Physiology, Institute of < /b> Botany, ... indicator for the close relationship of < /b> the photorespiration (peroxisomes) to < /b> the synthesis of < /b> GB Besides this, recently a biosynthetic pathway of < /b> GB from glycine with the involvement of < /b> two...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 10:20

... Expression of < /b> b1 - and b2 -adrenergic receptors in SGC7901 and BGC-823 cells Because propranolol is a b- adrenergic receptor antagonist, the expression of < /b> b1 - and b2 -ARs was determined at both the ... Cell apoptosis analysis To < /b> detect phosphatidylserine externalization (on the surface of < /b> cell membrane), an indicator of < /b> early apoptosis, flow cytometry (FCM, BD Biosciences, USA) was Page of < /b> performed ... SGC-7901 and BGC-823 by RT-PCR and western blotting (A) Expression of < /b> bARs in human gastric cell lines SGC-7901 and BGC-823 at the mRNA level by RT-PCR Both of < /b> cell lines expressed b1 - and b2 -AR mRNA...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:20

... the presence and absence of < /b> chemical inhibitors of < /b> PARP activity The variable nature and magnitude of < /b> the effects of < /b> PARP inhibition on clonogenic survival among these cell lines offered a useful ... Biol 1999, 75:91-100 Boulton S, Kyle S, Durkacz BW: Interactive effects of < /b> inhibitors of < /b> poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and DNA-dependent protein kinase on cellular responses < /b> to < /b> DNA damage Carcinogenesis ... used to < /b> express survival at a given dose, but the approach is general and may be applied to < /b> any other expression of < /b> survival To < /b> test the applicability of < /b> the approach, the model was fitted to < /b> a...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... the UV-< /b> B- induced MBPK activity could not be completely inhibited by suramin To < /b> rule out the possibility that the inhibitory effects of < /b> suramin on responses < /b> triggered by UV-< /b> B are not due to < /b> the ... inhibitor of < /b> serine-threonine kinases, SB 203580, an inhibitor of < /b> P38 class of < /b> MAP kinase, PD 98059, an inhibitor ERKK class of < /b> MAPKK and SB 600125, an inhibitor of < /b> Janus kinases were used to < /b> ... afore-mentioned UV-< /b> B- induced responses < /b> and the UV-< /b> B- induced TIA biosynthesis The inhibitory effect of < /b> suramin on the UV-< /b> B responses < /b> supports role of < /b> a putative cell surface receptor in UV-< /b> B signal pathway...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... December 1999 07 December 1999 09 December 1999 10 December 1999 80 06 December 1999 07 December 1999 09 December 1999 10 December 1999 06 December 1999 (Cl-) 07 December 1999 (Cl-) 09 December ... Schematic diagram of < /b> photocatalytic solar < /b> reactor - 39 - The dark reaction was initially carried out by injecting a sampling of < /b> TCE into the slurry of < /b> TiO2 to < /b> given a final solution of < /b> 50 ppm TCE ... reactor, which was exposed to < /b> solar < /b> light The reaction was run from 10 a.m to < /b> p.m., on a sunny day Under this condition, the TCE removal efficiency was found to < /b> be about 15%, and about 5ppm of...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 08:40

... thought to < /b> be common components of < /b> the outer monolayer of < /b> the lipid bilayer of < /b> bacterial membranes [18,19] Finally, we investigated the relative abilities of < /b> GS10, GS12 and GS14 to < /b> inhibit the ... state Permeabilization of < /b> phospholipid bilayers by GS ring-size analogs In order to < /b> determine the relative abilities of < /b> these three ringsize analogs of < /b> GS to < /b> permeabilize phospholipid bilayers, ... Inhibition of < /b> growth of < /b> A laidlawii B by GS ring-size analogs In order to < /b> extend the above studies to < /b> a living microbial system, we investigated the effect of < /b> these three ring-size analogs of...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 01:21

... into the surrounding medium after photodissociation, to < /b> the number of < /b> the absorbed light quanta It should be pointed out that the ratio of < /b> the number of < /b> the dissociated O2 molecules to < /b> that of < /b> ... participation of < /b> the a subunit within HbA and the other with participation of < /b> the b subunit: hv ! ðaO2 ; bO2 ÞðaO2 ; bO2 Þ À ða; bO2 ÞðaO2 ; bO2 Þ þ O2 ka À ðaO2 ; bO2 ÞðaO2 ; bO2 Þ ! hv ð1Þ ðaO2 ; bO2 ... Therefore, to < /b> investigate the effect of < /b> NaCl on O2 binding to < /b> tetrameric HbA, the contribution of < /b> O2 rebinding with dimer to < /b> the total protein oxygenation must be taken into account and the effect of...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 14:20

... compilation ª 2009 FEBS J H Lee et al Effects of < /b> prohibitin in b- cells G1 A G2 G2E G2P G2EP His -PHB D His-PHB 30 kDa PHB G1 G2 G2E G2P G2EP PHB Histone H1 Actin PHB (arbitrary units) B E P < 0.05 1.4 ... tissue by inhibition of < /b> pyruvate carboxylase FEBS J 273, 568–576 30 Zhu B, Zhai J, Zhu H & Kyprianou N (2010) Prohibitin regulates TGF-beta induced apoptosis as a downstream effector of < /b> smad-dependent ... mitochondrial dye MitofluorTM Red 589, confirming translocation of < /b> exogenous PHB to < /b> the mitochondria (Fig 4B, C) A western blot of < /b> total cellular protein extracts using anti-PHB serum showed two bands in cells...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 08:20

... Then the beads were resuspended in 11 μL of < /b> IP Buffer Next, 90 μL of < /b> IP Buffer was added to < /b> a PCR tube with 10 μL of < /b> pre-washed protein Abeads Two micrograms of < /b> polyclonal rabbit C/EBPb antibody ... error of < /b> the mean (SEM) Results Characterization of < /b> C/EBPb+/+ and C/EBPb-/- single embryo secondary mixed glial cultures To < /b> study the role of < /b> C/EBPb in glial activation we used C/EBPb-null mice Because ... inhibitory C/EBPb isoforms is a common observation EMSA analysis with supershift experiments showed the presence of < /b> C/EBPb in bands I, II and III These bands may contain different C/EBPb isoforms...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... possible therapeutic options List of < /b> Abbreviations used CGRP: calcitonin gene-related peptide CGRP; OPG: osteoprotegerin; RANK: receptor activator of < /b> nuclear factor- B; RANKL: receptor activator of < /b> ... studies of < /b> the interaction of < /b> osteoclasts, osteoblasts, neurotransmitters, and the OPG/RANKL/RANK system have to < /b> be undertaken to < /b> gain a better understanding of < /b> the multifactorial process of < /b> aseptic ... regarding the influence of < /b> the neurotransmitter alpha-CGRP on bone metabolism have been controversial On the one hand, alpha-CGRP has been shown to < /b> be a physiological activator of < /b> bone formation [21]...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20

... possible therapeutic options List of < /b> Abbreviations used CGRP: calcitonin gene-related peptide CGRP; OPG: osteoprotegerin; RANK: receptor activator of < /b> nuclear factor- B; RANKL: receptor activator of < /b> ... studies of < /b> the interaction of < /b> osteoclasts, osteoblasts, neurotransmitters, and the OPG/RANKL/RANK system have to < /b> be undertaken to < /b> gain a better understanding of < /b> the multifactorial process of < /b> aseptic ... regarding the influence of < /b> the neurotransmitter alpha-CGRP on bone metabolism have been controversial On the one hand, alpha-CGRP has been shown to < /b> be a physiological activator of < /b> bone formation [21]...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 07:20

... E Niki, Arch Biochem Biophys 323, 137 (1995) doi:10.1006/abbi.1995.0019 19 H Takada, K Kokubo, K Matsubayashi, T Oshima, Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 70, 3088 (2006) doi:10.1271/bbb.60491 20 (a) ... Time / s Fig b- Carotene bleaching assay with linoleic peroxyl radical; (a) decay curves of < /b> absorbance at 460 nm (Abs460) and (b) plots of < /b> ln (Abs0/Abst) versus time in the presence of < /b> antioxidants ... Effects of < /b> antioxidant concentration on the observed pseudofirst-order rate constants kobs of < /b> b- carotene bleaching with linoleic acid peroxyl radical at 50°C Values of < /b> kobs were obtained by monitoring...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 01:20

... of < /b> lumbar vertebrae Fusion of < /b> thoracic vertebrae Absence of < /b> ribs Fusion of < /b> ribs Bifurcation of < /b> ribs Shortening of < /b> ribs Displasia of < /b> sternebrae Missing of < /b> sternebrae Hypoplasia of < /b> sternebrae Curvature ... Deformity of < /b> occipital bone Splitting of < /b> cervical vertebrae Abnormal arrangement of < /b> cervical vertebrae Abnormal ossification of < /b> coccygeal vertebrae Fusion of < /b> lumbar vertebrae Abnormal arrangement of < /b> ... et al Table Observations on the 18th day of < /b> mouse fetuses exposed to < /b> Gy gamma-radiation on different gestation days Observations No of < /b> mother No of < /b> implants No of < /b> embryonic death No of < /b> fetal...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 14:23

... Fusion of < /b> thoracic vertebrae Absence of < /b> ribs Fusion of < /b> ribs Wavy ribs Hypoplasia of < /b> ribs Displasia of < /b> sternebrae Missing of < /b> sternebrae Hypoplasia of < /b> sternebrae Curvature of < /b> tibia Absence of < /b> metatarsal ... Fusion of < /b> cervical vertebrae Deformity of < /b> occipital bone Splitting of < /b> cervical vertebrae Separating of < /b> cervical vertebrae Abnormal ossification of < /b> coccygeal vertebrae Fusion of < /b> lumbar vertebrae ... b 1.41±0.12 3.53±0.13 a 1.13±0.05 b 0.80±0.05 48 b b 67(60.91) b 1.34±0.15 3.41±0.16 b 1.09±0.05 b 0.76±0.04 79.09 26.36 b 80(100) b 0.92±0.08 b 2.71±0.22 b 1.02±0.04 b 0.72±0.02 72.5 98.75 b...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 15:20

... esrevni ehT ]63,91[ srehto yb detroper neeb sah sa ,ytirap yb detavargga eb ot dnuof saw ,ecnalab ygrene evitagen a stcelfer hcihw ,noitatcal ylrae gnirud ssol noitidnoc ydoB ]62,7[ stroper suoiverp ... remraf eht ro/dna nairaniretev a yb devresbo sngis lacinilc yb desongaid erew )sisotek ro ,revef klim ,tnemecalpsid lasamoba( sredrosid cilobateM ]52,5[ h 42> rof enarbmem latef eht fo noitneter eht ... gniwollof eht fo ecneserp eht yb desongaid saw revef kliM yregrus yb detcerroc erew sesac lla dna ,nairaniretev a yb noitatlucsua lanimodba nopu dnuos gnignip a yb desongaid saw tnemecalpsid lasamobA...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 18:21

... number of < /b> viable cells but does not provide information about the contribution of < /b> cytostatic or cytotoxic effects of < /b> the treatment under investigation Therefore, to < /b> gain insight into a combination ... regulation of < /b> Akt/PKB by the rictor-mTOR complex Science 2005, 307:1098-1101 Bozulic L, Surucu B, Hynx D, Hemmings BA: PKBalpha/Akt1 acts downstream of < /b> DNA-PK in the DNA double-strand break response ... revealed that ErPC3 is a potent inhibitor of < /b> Akt even in cells that are highly refractory to < /b> inhibitors acting upstream of < /b> Akt in the same pathway Because inhibition of < /b> Akt can lower the threshold...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:20

... plasminogen activator (uPA), and other members of < /b> the serpin family like plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1), have also been found to < /b> play important roles in the remodelling of < /b> ECM [5] Trypsin ... called pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI) and serine protease inhibitor Kazal type (SPINK1), is a biomarker of < /b> poor prognosis in colorectal cancer patients, both as assessed in tumour ... hydrolyses a variety of < /b> proteins and activates other MSPs and MMPs [8,9] TATI is a trypsin inhibitor that balances concentrations of < /b> trypsin and also functions as a weak inhibitor of < /b> other serine...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:21

... samples of < /b> BM and PB to < /b> prospectively follow the ontogeny of < /b> B cells shortly after rituximab treatment and distantly, prior to < /b> the follow-up of < /b> rituximab treatment We show that rituximab achieves ... Collection of < /b> blood and BM samples Heparinized blood and BM aspirates of < /b> a volume of < /b> 10 ml each were obtained at baseline (n = 37) Blood and BM sampling was repeated one month (weeks to < /b> 6; n = ... 1a) The levels of < /b> total Ig levels as well as the circulating RF (Figure 2b) were similar between the rituximabnaïve and rituximab-treated groups Table Absolute numbers of < /b> B cells in bone marrow...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:22

... shown that inhibitors of < /b> NF- B may be useful in the treatment of < /b> inflammatory diseases including arthritis [21-23] Anti-inflammatory drugs have also been demonstrated to < /b> inhibit the NF- B pathway ... Abolition of < /b> the inhibitory effect of < /b> thiacremonone by DTT and glutathione GSH, and in the cells harboring mutant p50 on NO generation and DNA binding activation of < /b> NF- B binding activation of < /b> ... accompanied by a suppression of < /b> the inhibitory effect of < /b> thiacremonone on NO generation Thus, it is possible that the inhibitory effects of < /b> thiacremonone on NF- B activity may be mediated by oxidizing...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:22

... the numbers of < /b> cells were assessed The percentage of < /b> migrated cells was calculated by dividing the number of < /b> migrated CD27- or CD27+ B cells by the number of < /b> total cultured CD27- or CD27+ B cells ... microbead-coupled mAb and magnetic cell separation columns (Miltenyi Biotec, Auburn, CA, USA) Purity of < /b> CD19+ B cells was determined by flow cytometry, and was more than 95% To < /b> block CCR7, B cells ... synovial tissue B cells of < /b> RA (Figure 1b) The frequency of < /b> CD27+ by synovial B cells was significantly higher than that of < /b> peripheral blood B cells in RA subjects (Figure 2) (peripheral blood, 30.0...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:22