regulation of the b cell switch to ige

Báo cáo y học: " Ageing, autoimmunity and arthritis: Senescence of the B cell compartment — implications for humoral immunity" pptx

... marks the transition to the immature B cell stage Immature B cells are the earliest cells in the lineage that express a bona fide antigen specific B cell receptor (BCR), and therefore they are the ... driven by self-antigen to enter the B1 compartment Emigration of immature B cells to the periphery and their acquisition of membrane-bound (m)IgD antigen receptors indicates entry into the transitional ... development of old mice is the inability of newly made cells to join the peripheral B cell compartment.’ They hypothesize that new B cells may be unable to home to the spleen efficiently However,...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:23

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Báo cáo y học: " Successful long-term monotherapy with rituximab in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia of the B-cell-lineage: a case report" pdf

... pancytopenia Therapy with alemtuzumab was considered, but preference was given to rituximab because of the less severe compromise of the cellular immune system by rituximab, and because of the ... pretreated B- CLL [6] It is important to underline that the response to rituximab became apparent when the dosage of the drug was increased to a much higher level, according to a publication by the Keating ... dosage of 600 mg/m2 weekly × 5, then 600 mg/m2biweekly × without any other cytotoxic drugs During this therapy of intensified rituximab, the patient became transfusion-free Twelve weeks after the...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 21:22

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Reactive oxygen species mediated regulation of the na+ h+ exchanger, NHE 1 gene expression a new mechanism for tumor cells resistance to apoptotic cell death

... other types of chemotherapy Major mode of action of taxanes is thought to be their ability to bind to tubulin leading to G2/M arrest of the cell and subsequently apoptosis Down -regulation of NHE1 ... involved in the regulation of apoptosis IAPs (Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins) bind to caspases and inhibit their activity Another player with the Fig B Death-Receptor mediated Apoptosis Fig C Mitochondial ... known as “Apoptosome” Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL block death by preventing the release of mitochondrial contents into cytosol On the other hand, pro-apoptotic members of Bcl-2 family like Bad and Bax, play...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 08:31

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Báo cáo khoa học: Transcriptional regulation of the desferrioxamine gene cluster of Streptomyces coelicolor is mediated by binding of DmdR1 to an iron box in the promoter of the desA gene doc

... box), explaining the regulation of desA expression by binding of DmdR1 to the iron box The same overlapping was found in S pilosus DmdR1 binds to the promoter region of desABCD in both S coelicolor ... and this regulation is mediated by binding of the regulatory protein DmdR1 to the iron box located in the promoter region of the desABCD cluster Electrophoretic mobility-shift assays of the desA ... DmdR1 binds speciﬁc sequences (iron boxes) in the upstream region of the diphtheria toxin (tox) gene of C diphtheriae and the desA gene of S pilosus Several putative iron boxes were found by bioinformatics...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 11:20

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Báo cáo khoa học: Mitochondrial connection to the origin of the eukaryotic cell pdf

... hypothesis for the primitively amitochondriate cell Taming of the mitochondrial symbiont: ﬁrst step towards the eukaryote It is evident that ÔdomesticationÕ of the mitochondrial symbiont by the ... vaginalis on the GAPDH tree (Fig 2B) was assumed to be due to LGT [94] Nonetheless, the present and published observations suggest that not the a but the c subdivision of proteobacteria, or a ... transmembrane domains, and therefore might have been unimportable across the outer membrane subsequent to gene transfer from the rickettsia-like endosymbiont to the host genome in the course of mitochondrial...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 01:20

20 432 0

Báo cáo hóa học: "Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) at the heart of heterologous prime-boost vaccines and regulation of CD8+ T cell immunity" doc

... recognize the importance of CD4+ T cells and the possibility that these cells may influence the outcome of vaccine protocols with respect to PD-1 expression by CD8 + T cells PD-1 and co-inhibitory ... resulting in T cells with a desired effector profile upon boosting Please note the inverse relationship between functional avidity and the amount of antigen The table (bottom) depicts the major, ... receptors: a new dimension to prime-boosting and immune regulation The fundamental concept behind heterologous primeboost vaccination is the synergistic contribution of two categories of vectors to...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

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báo cáo hóa học:" The role of FGF-2 and BMP-2 in regulation of gene induction, cell proliferation and mineralization" pptx

... have documented the relative efficiency of bone growth factors FGF-2, TGFb, and PGE2 markedly enhanced the synthesis of the total protein content of the dishes (Table 1) Rate of proliferation ... T) as previously described [17] allows us to compare the abundance of the gene between other genes and experiments The resulting numbers were then multiplied by 10,000 for better graphical presentation ... explain the ability of the FGF-2 to enable the cultured cells to fill the defect void efficiently The fact that FGF-2 induces its own expression suggests that after injury, the FGF-2 released from the...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20

8 547 0

báo cáo hóa học:" The role of FGF-2 and BMP-2 in regulation of gene induction, cell proliferation and mineralization" pdf

... have documented the relative efficiency of bone growth factors FGF-2, TGFb, and PGE2 markedly enhanced the synthesis of the total protein content of the dishes (Table 1) Rate of proliferation ... T) as previously described [17] allows us to compare the abundance of the gene between other genes and experiments The resulting numbers were then multiplied by 10,000 for better graphical presentation ... explain the ability of the FGF-2 to enable the cultured cells to fill the defect void efficiently The fact that FGF-2 induces its own expression suggests that after injury, the FGF-2 released from the...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 07:20

8 460 0

Báo cáo y học: "κ Regulation of NFκB signalling during inflammation: the role of hydroxylases" potx

... would probably be extremely complex given the high number of ARDs in the proteome and the probable identification of new hydroxylase substrates κ NF B and hypoxia inducible factor cross-talk The hypoxic ... by HIF-1, the α subunit of which is stabilised under low oxygen conditions leading to the induction of genes to restore blood supply and nutrients to the cell as well as allowing resumption of ... activates NF B signalling via inhibitor of B kinase Under conditions of hypoxia, the hydroxylase-mediated repression of inhibitor of B kinase (IKK) beta is suppressed – leading to enhanced IKKβ...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:22

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Báo cáo y học: " Regulation of IκBα expression involves both NF-κB and the MAP kinase signaling pathways." ppt

... expression is driven by the I B promoter We observed a ubiquitous expression and induction of I B in the I B -luc transgenic mice by LPS We demonstrated involvement of both the NF- B and the p38 MAP ... Since the transcriptional activity of the I B promoter was suppressed bortezomib, we suspect that the increase of I B mRNA after bortezomib treatment should be due to an increase of I B mRNA ... inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of cell apoptosis [15,16] Analysis of the I B mRNA showed that bortezomib pre-treatment caused a further increase of LPS-induced I B mRNA in the...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 08:21

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Báo cáo y học: " The anti-inflammatory effects of the tellurium redox modulating compound, AS101, are associated with regulation of NFB signaling pathway and nitric oxide induction in macrophages" doc

... inflammatory transcription factor, nuclear factor NFkB [24] Based on this evidence, and given the inhibitory effect of AS101 on NFkB activation at h, the lack of modulation of the NFkB pathway by ... for the observed inhibition of p50-binding to its DNA targets by the reactive tellurium compound II At h inhibition of iNOS expression by AS101 may be attributed to the compound’s activity in the ... vs h Furthermore, AS101 treatment attenuated p50 subunit DNA-binding abilities in the iNOS promoter Furthermore, the secretion of the inflammatory cytokine IL-6, regulated by the NFkB pathway,...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 08:22

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Báo cáo y học: "Cis-regulation of IRF5 expression is unable to fully account for systemic lupus erythematosus association: analysis of multiple experiments with lymphoblastoid cell lines" doc

... the best combination of polymorphisms for the S data set was equivalent to the best model in the K8 data, which it contained; and the model with the best combination of polymorphisms for the ... analysed They were well accounted for (66% of the variability) by a best model with three SNPs that were the same and in the same order as those in the best model for S data (Table 2) Therefore, the ... from the best in the K8 data set, second best for the D data and third best for the C data set In addition, it comprised the SNPs in the best model for the KSC average data To ascertain the origin...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 15:23

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Báo cáo y học: "Baicalein inhibits IL-1β- and TNF-α-induced inflammatory cytokine production from human mast cells via regulation of the NF-κB pathway" pot

... mast cells The inhibitory mechanism appears to be due to inhibition of NF- B activation pathway and I B phosphorylation and degradation This inhibitory effect of baicalein on the expression of ... degradation of the inhibitory protein I B [34] To determine whether the inhibitory activity of BAI is due to its effect on I B phosphorylation and degradation, we used Western blot analysis to examine ... Kishimoto S, Yamamura Y, Kishimoto T: B cell growth factors and B cell differentiation factor from human T hybridomas Two distinct kinds of B cell growth factor and their synergism in B cell proliferation...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 13:22

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Báo cáo y học: " Down regulation of the high-affinity IgE receptor associated with successful treatment of chronic idiopathic urticaria with omalizuma" pot

... Solution (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA) to lyse the red blood cells After a series of centrifugation and washing steps with staining buffer (1:10 dilution of PBS and 10% FBS), the cells were ... tolerance to the sedative effects of diphenhydramine developed after a few days of scheduled treatment as has been suggested by other authors [2] During the course of the first 28 weeks of therapy ... improvement Over the course of the subsequent weeks, she was able to wean cyclosporine down to 25 mg daily without experiencing an urticarial flare This was the lowest tolerable dose required to prevent...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 13:22

3 218 1

Báo cáo y học: "Critical illness hyperglycemia: is failure of the beta-cell to meet extreme insulin demand indicative of dysfunctio" pot

... required to bring these patients to target is indicative of higher resistance Discerning whether beta -cell exhaustion, or events secondary to the glucocorticoid therapy, contributed to the low ... data, the issue becomes whether the low C-peptide levels in the RF+CVF group are indicative of a lower level of insulin resistance (Preissig and Rigby’s argument), or whether the higher exogenous ... in rat pancreatic beta cells J Biol Chem 2001, 276:35375-35381 Steil GM, Trivedi N, Jonas JC, Hasenkamp WM, Sharma A, Bonner-Weir S, Weir GC: Adaptation of beta -cell mass to substrate oversupply:...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:20

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Báo cáo y học: "Early down-regulation of the pro-inflammatory potential of monocytes is correlated to organ dysfunction in patients after severe multiple injury: a cohort study" pptx

... of the proinflammatory mediators or the presence of soluble cytokine inhibitors, such as sIL-1RA and sTNF-Rs, respectively Therefore, the purpose of this study was to monitor the capability of ... within minutes after the traumatic impact These important cells of the innate immunity have been suggested to be one of the major sources of proinflammatory mediators in the early posttraumatic ... cytokine levels in mixed blood cell cultures disregarding the fact that other peripheral blood cells are also potentially inducible to secrete cytokines in response to the same stimulants Furthermore,...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

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REGULATION OF CHOP TRANSLATION IN RESPONSE TO eIF2 PHOSPHORYLATION AND ITS ROLE IN CELL FATE

... release of eIF2-GDP, eIF 5B facilitates the 60S ribosomal subunit joining to the 40S subunit to form the 80S ribosomal complex Translation elongation then begins by accepting aminoacyl-tRNAs into the ... response to various stresses alters the initiation factor from a substrate to a competitive inhibitor of eIF 2B, associating with the regulatory portion of eIF 2B and blocking exchange of eIF2-GDP to ... facilitates joining of the initiator tRNA to the 40S ribosomal subunit The 40S ribosomal subunit with the ternary complex forms a 43S pre-initiation complex together with other initiation factors eIF1,...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2014, 12:32

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Asymmetric cell division in the regulation of neural stem cell self renewel in drosophila melanogaster

... from the neuroectoderm of the embryo, shown here in the upper panel Apical side refers to side closer to neuroepithelium while basal side lies deeper into the embryo Events of neuroblast (NB) asymmetric ... orientation of division are coordinated to segregate Numb to only one sibling cell Therefore, Numb serves to discriminate the binary fate decision of the pair of sibling neurons during cell division ... into the self- renewing neuroblast daughter are asymmetrically localized to the apical domain of the cell, the side that is closest to the neuroepithelium Opposite the apical domain is the basal...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 14:32

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Post translational regulation of the human TRIP br1 cell cycle protein

... minimal binding region for hTRIP-Br1, as determined by a combination of empirical observation and a review of published data Notably, p53 was observed to be a component of the E2F1/DP1/hTRIP-Br1-HA ... with the DP1 component of the E2F/DP complex places TRIP-Br proteins in a position to influence cell cycle progression Together with the PHD-bromodomain binding property of TRIP-Br 19 Christopher ... also contributes to pRB hyperphosphorylation and dissociation of pRB from E2F1 Following pRB dissociation, TRIP-Br1 then binds to DP1 and results in the assembly of E2F1/DP1/TRIP-Br ternary complexes...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 13:56

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Overview of the PSTN and Comparisons to voice over IP

... better explain the diagram in Figure 1-11, let's walk through the flow of the call: I pick up the phone and send an off-hook indication to the end office switch The switch sends back a dial tone ... digital subscriber line (DSL), cable, or wireless, is needed to enable this convergence After the last bandwidth issues are resolved, the convergence can happen to the home In the backbone of the PSTN, ... Number Portability [LNP]) 20 Some of the benefits of moving to an SS7 network are as follows: • Reduced post-dialing delay There is no need to transmit DTMF tones on each hop of the PSTN The...

Ngày tải lên: 30/09/2013, 05:20

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