regulation of nitrogen fixation in methanogenic archaea

... further analysis Determination of protein content Total protein was determined using the commercially available BCA™ Protein Assay Kit in accordance with the instructions of the manufacturer (Pierce, ... http://arthritis-research.com/content/11/2/R55 Figure increasing disease severity This is exactly the result we find The authors of that study further found that the hyaluronanbinding (G1) domain of aggrecan is retained early in the disease ... previously stained with Indian ink, were cut into 3-mm-thick pieces and embedded in Tissue Tek OCT Compound (Sakura Finetek USA, Inc., Torrance, CA, USA) using Peel-A-Way Disposable Embedding Molds...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:20

... shown in the schematic above, namely, cA, Cyclin A binding site; DB, DNA binding domain; DIM, dimerization domain; TA, transactivation domain; PB, pocket protein (pRB family) binding domain Number ... showing the functional domains and phosphorylation events impinging on MDM2 [60] The amino acid residues are numbered Functional domains of the MDM2 protein including the p53 binding domain, ... regulated Unable to induce S-phase in quiescence cells Mainly involved in the regulation of differentiation and development • Lacks the domains involved in transactivation and binding to the pRB family...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 13:56

... Translational regulation of iPLA2c in myocardium Owing to the obvious complexity of the regulation of iPLA2c resulting from the combined presence of transcriptional and translational regulation, ... presence of multiple iPLA2c protein products in mitochondria resulting from usage of different translation initiation codons in rat myocardium Alternative splicing of iPLA2c in mammalian tissues In ... CdxA binding sites Oligonucleotide g177 shares homology with the Oct1 binding site, whereas oligonucleotide g230 did not contain a predicted site for binding of nuclear proteins Utilizing radiolabeled...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 16:20

... Caspar [33] in 16 turns and enables indexing of the power spectrum (Fig 2E, insert) as shown in Fig 3A The clear diffraction spot with a spacing of 7.7 nm is interpreted as a Bessel function of order ... approximate regions of interacting surfaces A, C and D are indicated on the top line Charged residues which are possibly involved in interactions at the D surface are indicated in bold and the external ... C-terminus is located in the centre of the helix we suggest that, in the case of the fulllength enzyme, steric hindrance results in a spiral of a non-optimal diameter, in which D surface interactions...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 00:20

... Activation of RAS was evaluated in platelets through the ability of the activated RAS–GTP to bind a GST fusion protein containing the RAS-binding domain of RAF Different platelet agonists including ... c-chain [11,12] As expected, the SRC kinase family inhibitor PP1 inhibited convulxin-induced ERK and RAS activation (Fig 6A,B) Interestingly, although activation of ERK in response to thrombin ... Thombin, convulxin and TPO induce activation of RAS RAS activation was measured through the ability of its activated form (RAS–GTP) to bind to a GST fusion protein consisting of the RAS-binding...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 16:20

... Proteomics-based identification of novel factor inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor (FIH) substrates indicates widespread asparaginyl hydroxylation of ankyrin repeat domain-containing proteins Mol Cell Proteomics ... uptake repressor, PerR in Bacillus subtilis, which is inactivated by oxidation of the imidazole rings of two Fe(II)-binding histidinyl residues resulting in suppression of peroxidedefence genes ... Appelhoff RJ, Turley H, Wykoff CC, Gleadle JM & Ratcliffe PJ (2004) Genetic analysis of the role of the asparaginyl hydroxylase factor inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) in regulating HIF...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 23:20

... Possible link between accumulation of amino-acid pools, mitochondrial function, and the insulin and TOR pathways in C. elegans longevity Black lines indicate the activating or repressive function of ... in amino acid levels, especially branched-chain amino acids Falk et al [9] showed that mutations affecting complexes I, II and III of the electron transport chain (ETC), including some that increase ... Mutations in ife-2 would also result in increased amino-acid pools Branched-chain amino acids and longevity Fuchs et al [7] may, in fact, hold a clue to one of the mysteries of the aging field:...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 19:21

... expression in SF PMN occurs as a result of the recruitment of PMN into the inflammatory milieu of the joint Differential expression of chemokine receptors in SF PMN To estimate changes in the responsiveness ... protein after 24 or 48 hours of incubation (data not shown), indicating that TNF-α induced CCL18 mRNA expression in the absence of protein synthesis Interestingly, as shown in Figure 4a, neither blood ... transcriptase (Qiagen) in a final volume of 25 μl at 37°C for 60 minutes and at 93°C for minutes PCR was performed in a 25 μl reaction mixture containing μl of cDNA sample, 0.625 U of Taq polymerase...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:21

... studies investigating innervation in the degenerate IVD have also demonstrated expression of Trk-A, the highaffinity receptor for nerve growth factor (NGF), on ingrowing nerves – indicating that ... neurotrophin in IVD degeneration driving pain-related processes as well as neuronal survival and innervation Few studies have examined the function of neurotrophin expression in cells of non-neural ... of neurotrophin expression in the IVD, yet TNFα may have an influential role in regulation of nociception through substance P Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 11:20

... Triflavin inhibits platelet aggregation through direct interference with fibrinogen binding to the αIIbβ3 integrin [10] There is now a multitude of evidence suggesting that the binding of fibrinogen ... prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) (0.5 μM) and heparin (6.4 IU/ml) The washed platelets were finally suspended in Tyrode's solution containing bovine serum albumin (BSA) (3.5 mg/ml) The final concentration of ... Simvastatin (30 and 50 μM) did not significantly affect FITC-triflavin binding to the αIIbβ3 integrin in platelet suspensions (c, 4.8 ± 0.1; d, 4.9 ± 0.1) (Fig 1C), indicating that the inhibitory...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:21

... staining of STC-1 in tumor tissues of nude mice STC-1 was detected on the membrane of tumor cells (D) Immunohistochemical staining of PCNA in tumor tissues of nude mice PCNA was detected in the ... Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China 2First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing Chest Hospital, 215 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, PR China Authors’ ... ligand-receptor interaction, was obtained from Epitomics Company Cell Apoptosis kit was obtained from MBL International Corporation (Watertown, MA) The recombinant human stanniocalcin-1 protein was obtained...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:21

... likely influence subsequent modifications, regulated by both cis and trans mechanisms Characterizing such modifications could provide insight into the roles of chromatin-binding proteins In this ... is involved in recruiting Suv39h1 and G9a, but also other proteins, to the histone tails For example, the chromatin remodeling complex WINAC has been described to bind H3K14ac via WSTF to induce ... and rDNA silencing [51] In fact, H4K79 is part of the Lrs (Loss of ribosomal silencing) nucleosomal domain [52], suggesting that H4K79 methylation is associated with gene silencing Indeed, H4K79...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 08:20

... differential segregation of intergenic regions of the genome into the aqueous phase Nagy et al [13] proposed that this may be a result of different efficiency of chromatin cross-linking along the genome ... should be taken into account when interpreting genome-wide experiments involving post-translationally modified nucleosomes When examining the distribution of modified histones in the genome, one ... change in nucleosome occupancy in a typical yeast gene in different transcriptional states (a) When there is no transcription, repressor proteins bind to their DNA-binding sites and maintain a...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 14:21

... laboratory of Robert Singer (Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA), described how the trans-acting factor zipcode-binding protein (ZBP1), which binds to the 3Ј UTR of ␤-actin mRNA, ... phosphorylating ZBP1 are involved in this regulation Serine phosphorylation of ZBP1 by extracellular-regulated kinases (ERKs) induces repression of translation In contrast, tyrosine phosphorylation of ... localization of this mRNA in fibroblasts and neurons, but also its translation He showed that binding of ZBP1 probably inhibits translation by interfering with the formation of the 80S ribosome during initiation...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 14:21

Ngày tải lên: 26/03/2015, 10:44

... competitiveness of the EU chemical industry  Prevention of fragmentation of the internal market  Increased transparency  Integration with international efforts  Promotion of non-animal testing 10 ... human intake No implicit assumption about a ”safe” intake 37 INTERPRETATION OF MARGIN OF EXPOSURE • Inter-species and intra-species differences • 100 would be sufficient • Nature of the carcinogenic ... curve for comparison with human intake • Estimation of human exposure • Calculation of an MOE 36 MARGIN OF EXPOSURE (MOE) Definition: The ratio between the defined point on the dose-response curve...

Ngày tải lên: 16/04/2015, 09:05

... chain Myo2p; regulatory light chain of myosin Rlc1p; essential light chain of myosin Cdc4p; IQGAP-related protein Rng2p; UCSdomain containing protein Rng3p; alpha-actinin Ain1p; and paxillin ... regulator of cytokinesis Cells overexpressing Nuc2p phenocopied sin mutants in that the actomyosin rings were not maintained upon completion of mitosis Examination of SIN proteins in the temperature-sensitive ... actomyosin-based contractile ring of fission yeast consists of a number of proteins: F-actin; profilin Cdc3p; tropomyosin Cdc8p; formin Cdc12p; cofilin Adf1p; FER/CIP homology protein Cdc15p; myosin...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 09:06

... polymerization of actin filaments could be inhibited by some actin-binding proteins (Paavilainen et al., 2004) In cells, a large pool of actin monomers is maintained by actin monomer binding proteins Actin ... expressed: ADF/cofilin, profilin, twinfilin, Srv2/cyclase-associated protein (CAP), WASP/WAVE and verprolin/WIP proteins In cells, profilin, Srv2/CAP, ADF/cofilin and twinfilin are abundant in molar ... presence of two F-actin binding domains (Drenckhahn et al., 1988) However, α-actinin forms the more loosely ordered actin structure of stress fibers α-actinin has a single actin-binding domain in its...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 10:18

... ring producing two daughter cells of equal size The actomyosin ring consists of about 50 different proteins including actin, actin regulatory proteins, type II myosin heavy and light chains The ... 2004) In SIN mutants, actomyosin rings are formed but ring constriction fails The actomyosin ring disassembles and continuous rounds of nuclear division occur in the absence of cytokinesis resulting ... number of proteins, which are essential for the formation and maintenance of the actomyosin ring They include the myosin 16 heavy chain Myo2p; essential myosin light chain Cdc4p; myosin assembly...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 14:18