regulation of cell cycle by carotenoids

... Effects of LA on cell cycle phase distribution and the expression of various cell cycle regulatory proteins in HL-60 cells Figure Effects of LA on cell cycle phase distribution and the expression of ... [27] Figure of Control1 cell growth and viability in HL-60 cells by LA Control of cell growth and viability in HL-60 cells by LA (A) Cells were treated with 0, 1, 2.5 and mM LA and the cell numbers ... analyses Cell cycle analysis Cell cycle phase distribution was assayed by flow cytometry Following 24 and 48 h treatment of HL-60 cells with different concentrations of LA (0, 2.5, and mM), cells...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 22:20

... Regulated During the Cell Cycle by a CDE ⁄ CHR Tandem Element and is Downregulated by p53 but not by p63 or p73 Cell Cycle 6, 853–862 Yoshida K (2005) Cell- cycle- dependent regulation of the human and ... regulator of CDE ⁄ CHR cell cycle genes, to which promoter sites does it bind during any particular phase of the cell cycle? What is the exact mechanism of p53-dependent downregulation of CDE ⁄ ... timing of expression from the other promoter as a result of replacing the cell cycle- regulatory elements Thus, it is likely that cell cycle- dependent timing of expression is also determined by elements...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 09:20

... down -regulation of CXCR4 from the cell surface CXCR4 down -regulation may be due in part to intracellular sequestering of HIV glycoprotein/ CXCR4 complexes Methods Cells and virus Cells of the ... C: CXCR4 staining of noninduced Jurakt cells Panel E and G: CXCR4 staining of induced Jurkat cells The fluorescent cell in panel G is representative of a minor population of cells in the induced ... Immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrating reduced cell surface expression of CXCR4 in HIV-1 infected RH9 cells Immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrating reduced cell surface expression of CXCR4...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... cell- cycle process is an ordered sequence of events by which the cell grows and divides in two daughter cells It is organized in four phases: G1 (the cell progressively grows and by the end of ... (b) Simulation of the three-level PGN yeast cell- cycle model with 1% of noise (PGN with P = 99) activated by a single pulse of CS = at t = −1 After 13 time steps (period of the cycle) , the system ... signals to avoid initiation of a new wave of gene expression while a first one is still going through the cell cycle A number of check-point modules, across cell cycle, regulate cell growth and genome...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 19:20

... vesicle transport, cell polarity, axonal guidance, and cell cycle progression and upon dysregulation are seen to play a role in oncogenesis 1.2.4.1 Cell cycle regulation In the cell cycle, the G1-S ... movement of the cell Rho, at the rear of the cell induces stress fibre formation causing cell body contraction, which also allows the cell to move forward Apart from these changes, both the cell- cell ... RhoGTPase dysregulation can also lead to breakdown of the cell cycle as they control CDKs which in turn control the cell cycle Cancer cells not have apoptotic properties and there 14 is evidence of Rho-proteins...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:29

... Models of Cell Cycle Regulators One of the hallmarks of cancer cells is misregulation of cell proliferation Cancer cells are able to evade the normal signals that stop cell division and thereby escape ... only two es- Mouse Models of Cell Cycle Regulators: New Paradigms 279 sential Cdks in the regulation of the mammalian cell cycle Another surprise in the history of cell cycle research was uncovered ... implications of these new paradigms to cancer and cancer therapy are discussed History of the Cell Cycle model 2.1 The Concept of Mammalian Cell Cycle Regulation The textbook cell cycle model...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 21:20

... expression of estrogen receptor-a (ERa) is autoregulated by miR-18a, -19b and -20b, which in turn are upregulated by the activation of ERa This mechanism of regulation provides a wide range of coordinated ... the human B -cell line Ramos, miR-155 is induced by signaling by the B -cell receptor through the ERK and c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathways but not by the p38 pathway The induction of miR-155 depends ... activation of the ERK1 ⁄ pathway [20] Furthermore, the induction of miR-34a depends on the activation of ERK1 ⁄ in K562 cells [21,22] We have demonstrated that the activation of MEK ⁄ ERK signaling by...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 19:20

... to cells In this study, we show that the iron component of SNP is not involved in the stimulation of ferritin synthesis More3 over, we have discovered that, in RAW 264.7 cells (a macrophage cell ... that treatment of RAW 264.7 cells with the NO+ donor, SNP, causes the degradation of IRP2 associated with an increase of ferritin synthesis [20,37] Here, we examined the kinetics of ferritin synthesis ... RAW 264.7 cells with SNP, whereas the RNA-binding activity of IRP1 remained largely unaffected (Fig 1B) Surprisingly, the rapid induction of ferritin synthesis by SNP in RAW 264.7 cells occurred...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20

... inducible expression of the constitutively active form of IRF-3, IRF-3 5D [14] Up -regulation of ArgII gene expression was observed after treatment of the tetracycline inducible cell line, rtTAIRF-3 ... polyamine in the regulation of apoptosis [21,22] Thus, the possibility that the antiviral effect of spermine is mediated by induction of apoptosis was analyzed For this purpose, the effect of spermine ... pathway of translational regulation mediated by eukaryotic initiation factor EMBO J 19, 6891–6899 Geiss G, Jin G, Guo J, Bumgarner R, Katze MG & Sen GC (2001) A comprehensive view of regulation of...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 21:20

... on loans on the basis of market capital supply – demand and the creditability of borrowers” Page of 20 International Finance Regulation of Interest Rate by the State Bank of Vietnam (SBV) This ... Liberalization of interest rate From the year Page 18 of 20 International Finance Regulation of Interest Rate by the State Bank of Vietnam (SBV) 1994, Credit limit mechanism was deleted, replacing by other ... Loc MBA Intake 13 CFVG, Hanoi, June 2006 Page of 20 International Finance Regulation of Interest Rate by the State Bank of Vietnam (SBV) THE ROLES OF INTEREST RATE Interest Rate is a key economic...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 01:20

... used downregulation of telomerase by inducing differentiation of HL-60 cells, and up -regulation of telomerase by stimulating proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to evaluate ... Down -regulation of telomerase activity by induction of differentiation of HL-60 cells has been reported [24,25] To understand the role of each telomerase subunit in enzyme activity, we used downregulation ... in HL-60 cells after induction of differentiation Over 80% of the HL-60 cells remained viable over the entire course of treatment with dimethylsulfoxide The ratio of differentiated cells (Fig...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 23:20

... the end of the chapter http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/46007 Introduction Control of the pattern of cell division is essential for the proper development of multicellular organisms In animal cells, ... elucidation 34 Molecular Regulation of Endocytosis Figure Current model of the Vid pathway Growth of yeast cells under glucose starvation conditions induces the synthesis of gluconeogenic enzymes ... contraction starts in the cell cortex) is determined by the position of the aster during the later stages of mitosis In contrast, plant cytokinesis involves the assembly of a cell plate from Golgi-derived...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 02:21

... [57,58], Ga ⁄ tubulin Agonist GPCR Gαβγ α Gα Activation of GTPase of tubulin by Gα, and inhibition of MT assembly Gβγ Loss of GTP cap on MT end by Gα promotes catastrophy in di and increase i MT dynamics ... Effect GDPTubulin Effectors Promotion of MT assembly by Gβγ GTP-Tubulin γ-Tub Fig Model for the regulation of microtubule (MT) assembly by a and bc subunits of G proteins Based on in vitro results ... bound form of Gia and inhibit the exchange of GDP-bound for GTP-bound Ga [73–75] These signaling partners of G proteins might also be involved in the regulation of microtubule assembly by Gia or...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 10:20

... overexpression of two genes (SFH2 and SFH4) that rescue growth of sec14 cells seems, to some extent, to decrease the inositol secretion The Opi– phenotype is an excellent indicator of INO1 regulation, ... 1.4 mL of the culture was removed and the cells were collected by centrifugation (6000 g, °C, min) The supernatant was saved as the medium fraction The cell pellet was suspended in 0.5 mL of 5% ... Moreover, we show that higher steady-state cellular levels of PA correlate with deregulated levels of INO1 transcript in cells grown in the presence of inositol, providing support for the model...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 15:20

... of the exact cleavage site on Stat5 will be important in enhancing our understanding of the regulation of Stat5 function by proteolytic cleavage in peripheral T cells Proteolytic regulation of ... identification by future molecular cloning studies Regulation of Stat6 activity by proteolytic cleavage in mast cells Unlike Stat3 and Stat5, which are activated by a wide variety of cytokines ... show STAT and cell- type specificity Processing of Stat3, Stat5 and Stat6 by calpain While the most common mechanism of proteolytic processing of STAT proteins is mediated by the action of serine proteases,...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 15:20

... overexpression of As-rel1 can be explained by its Ó FEBS 2003 Regulation of Rel by alternative splice variant (Eur J Biochem 270) 4467 the presence of the IjB protein, will modulate the function of As-rel1 ... amounts of transfected DNA were kept constant (1.5 lg) by adding an empty vector (pBIND or pCI-neo-Flag vector) The level of activity was normalized on the basis of the level of activity of control ... representation of the structures of the As-rel genome and mRNAs of As-rel1 and As-rel2 (B) Genome sequence of splicing sites Note that As-rel1 mRNA is generated by splicing at the sites shown by open...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 20:20

... Figure overexpression of replication in response to exogenous Regulation of FeLVCBP Regulation of FeLV replication in response to exogenous overexpression of CBP K-562 cells were chronically ... explained by the relatively high levels of c-Myb expression in K-562 cells and its relative absence in fibroblasts [14,15] When the U3 region of the FeLV-945 LTR was placed downstream of a heterologous ... expression of the firefly luciferase gene was driven by the U3 region of an FeLV LTR containing one, two or three copies of the 21-bp element Reporter gene constructs were introduced by lipid-mediated...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... Figure overexpression of replication in response to exogenous Regulation of FeLVCBP Regulation of FeLV replication in response to exogenous overexpression of CBP K-562 cells were chronically ... explained by the relatively high levels of c-Myb expression in K-562 cells and its relative absence in fibroblasts [14,15] When the U3 region of the FeLV-945 LTR was placed downstream of a heterologous ... expression of the firefly luciferase gene was driven by the U3 region of an FeLV LTR containing one, two or three copies of the 21-bp element Reporter gene constructs were introduced by lipid-mediated...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20

... determinant of craniofacial patterning and osteoblast differentiation Cell 2006, 125:971-986 11 Jones DC, Wein MN, Oukka M, Hofstaetter JG, Glimcher MJ, Glimcher LH: Regulation of adult bone mass by the ... downstream target of Runx2, the results of this study indicated that Osx expression was still induced by BMP-2 treatment in Runx2 null cells but not induced by Runx2 overexpression in C2C12 cells Regulatory ... extracellular matrix Finally, they express genes involved in mineralization of the extracellular matrix such as osteocalcin (OC), osteopontin This highly regulated program of gene expression and cellular...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20

... the number of cells in each phase of the cell cycle by using a FACS histogram This is an example of an asynchronous cell population; there are 27, 27, and 26 percent of cells in cell cycle phases ... 50 Number of cells 250 Number of cells 250 200 Number of cells 250 150 100 50 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 150 100 50 0.2 Cell cycle phase 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.2 Cell cycle phase (a) 0.4 0.6 0.8 Cell cycle phase ... is the total number of cells at the earlier phases of the cell cycle As we know the cumulative number of cells C(t) and have measured the histogram of the DNA content of the cells (see Figure 2(b)...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 19:20