regional and globalenvironmental issues of air pollution

... exposures, and errors in the measurement of air pollution and diagnosis of causes of mortality and morbidity Particulate matter of less than 10 microns diameter (PM10), from road transport and other ... of Health (1998) Committee of the Medical Effects of Air Pollutants, Quantification of the Effects of Air Pollution on Health in the United Kingdom, The Stationery Office, London Department of ... Appraisal of the Health Effects of Air Pollution, Ad-Hoc Group on the Economic Appraisal of the Health Effects of Air Pollution, The Stationery Office, London Dockery, D.W., J Schwartz and J Spengler...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 02:20

... clustering of air pollution and health data in the ACS study made it difficult to disentangle air pollution effects from those of spatial auto-correlation of health data per se The extension of the ... indicator of traffic emissions In addition, NO2 and other nitrogen oxides also contribute to the generation of ozone and other oxidant pollutants and are a precursor of the formation of nitric acid and ... effects of air pollutants on human health is a prerequisite for the development of effective policies to reduce the adverse impact of ambient air pollution The second edition of WHO’s Air quality...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 11:20

... monsoon rains and droughts, as well as major industrial pollution and desert sand- and dust­ storms In the remainder of this article, we shall focus on aerosols in the IndoGangetic Plain and the Arabian ... easterly wind shear and a deepening of the Bay of Bengal depression Both are signals of a stronger South Asian monsoon (Webster and Yang, 1992; Goswami et al., 1999; Wang and Fan, 1999; and Lau et al., ... rain and snow by urban and industrial air pollution Science 287 (5459), 1793-1796 Li, Z., 2004: Aerosol and climate: a perspective from East Asia In: Obser­ vation, Theory and Modelling of the...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 22:20

... future • Air pollution continues to cause cardiovascular and respiratory illnesses • Air pollution reduces the economic value of crops and leads to expensive cleaning of cultural heritage • Air pollution ... deposition, it leads to loss of plant biodiversity Air pollution will remain a problem in the future • Air pollution continues to cause cardiovascular and respiratory illnesses • Air pollution reduces the ... /environment -and- health /air- quality/activities/health-aspects -of- long-rangetransboundary -air- pollution For a more detailed assessment, see the full report entitled “Impacts of air pollution on...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 22:20

... chemistry and climate model indicate multiple, regionally variable and partially-offsetting, effects of BC on absorption and reflection of sunlight, reflectivity of clouds, and the strength of lower ... atmosphere and thus potentially on regional and global climate Already, air pollution is a major issue in an increasing number of megacities around the world, and new policies to address urban air pollution ... (1) the effects of air pollution policy on overall demand for fossil fuels and individual demands for coal, oil and gas; (2) the effects of caps on black carbon (as a regulated air pollutant)...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 22:20

... the kind of use of the model Thus, MSG-EE offers interesting studies of e.g environmental effects of both various levels and compositions of economic activity As energy and environmental issues ... use of geographical information systems (GIS), data on local air pollution and distribution of materials at risk Internationally established relations between air pollution and degradation of ... computation of material stocks at risk In section 3.2 we present the quantitative relations between concentrations of air pollution and materials degradation Air pollution levels and the volume of materials...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 16:20

... and Effectiveness of Change’, in Pretty, J et al (eds.), The Sage Handbook of Environment and Society, Sage, London [A useful survey of air pollution policy and legislation, and its effectiveness, ... Politics and Culture of Air Pollution, New York University Press, New York [An excellent edited book that contains essays on a wide range of air pollution problems in both rural and urban areas of ... and regulation of major air pollution problems.] Kessel, A (2006), Air, the Environment and Public Health, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge [A useful survey of changing ideas about air and...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 19:20

... HANDBOOK OF AIR POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL HANDBOOK OF AIR POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL Nicholas P Cheremisinoff, Ph.D N&P Limited P=-= E I N E M A N N An imprint of Elsevier ... Industrial Air Pollution Sources and Prevention, 53 Introduction, 53 Air Pollution in the Chemical Process Industries, 53 Air Pollution in the Petroleum Industry, 79 Air Pollution from Iron and Steel ... Manufacturing, 112 Air Pollution from Lead and Zinc Smelting, 130 Air Pollution from Nickel Ore Processing and Refining, 134 Air Pollution from Aluminum Manufacturing, 137 Air Pollution from Copper...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 16:20

... annual economic damages Loss of life and pain and suffering account for about $4.1 and $4.8 billion of this total Annual health care costs of air pollution are in the order of $600 million; lost productivity ... complexity and to provide an efficient means for people of all sorts to gain improved understanding of air quality and related government policies in terms of the future health and well-being of Ontarians ... purposes of this discussion, the term “illness” includes morbidity and mortality; air pollution can cause both types of health effects Air pollution is responsible for a range of physical and economic...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 16:20

... concentrations of these pollutants are often correlated with PM and inclusion of the impacts of all pollutants individually would potentially overestimate the contribution of air pollution to mortality and ... impacts of outdoor air pollution Exclusion of some age groups in calculating air pollution exposure and use of time series studies for morbidity endpoints may also lead to an underestimate of health ... (2006) 1706–1721 air pollution composition, the conditions and magnitude of exposure to that pollution, and the health status of exposed populations However, a recent literature review of time-series...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 20:20

... Habitats Scotland Scotland Wales Wales Wales Wales Wales Wales N Ireland N Ireland N Ireland Scotland Wales Wales Scotland Scotland Scotland Scotland Scotland England England England England Raised ... area of coniferous woodland Acid grassland • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • England Wales N Ireland N Ireland Scotland Wales England England N Ireland N Ireland N Ireland England England ... 76 NNR Sitename England England Scotland Scotland Wales • N Ireland • • • • • • • • • N Ireland N Ireland N Ireland N Ireland N Ireland N Ireland N Ireland N Ireland Scotland 18 18 19 20 21 22...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 00:20

... Xu, J., and Kalkstein, L (1997) Air pollution, weather and mortality in Philadelphia, In Particulate Air Pollution and Daily Mortality: Analyses of the Effects of Weather and Multiple Air Pollutants ... estimation of the statistical uncertainty of the air pollution risk estimates • We calculate the asymptotic bias and variance of the air pollution risk estimates as we vary the number of degrees of freedom ... (2002) Air pollution and asthma among children in Seoul, Korea.” Epidemiology, 13, 481–484 Lumley, T and Sheppard, L (2003) “Time Series Analyses of Air Pollution and Health: Straining at Gnats and...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 00:20

... Outdoor Air Pollution (i) “Cost -of- Illness and Willingness-to-Pay Estimates of the Benefits of Improved Air Quality: Evidence from Taiwan”- Alberini and Krupnik (2000) Abstract: They compare cost -of- illness ... Outdoor Air Pollution – Developing Countries Alberini, Anna and Alan Krupnick, 2000 “Cost -of- Illness and WTP Estimates of the Benefits of Improved Air Quality: Evidence from Taiwan”, Land Economics ... ages of fifteen and forty-four, implying that a death associated with air pollution causes more life-years to be lost (v) Air Pollution and Acute Respiratory Illness: Evidence from Taiwan and...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 04:20

... These tools are, of course, inadequate for assessing the severe air pollution problems that affect Santiago Such urban and regional air pollution problems involve several spatial and temporal scales ... prediction and visualization of air pollution, must be considered as complementary to the available models and as a contribution that enlarges the battery of tools for decision making and research ... Berlin-Brandenburg region (Mieth, Unger, and Sydow, 1998) In cooperation with the Department of Environment of the Berlin state government, the Institute of Meteorology of the Free University of Berlin...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 04:20

... The impact of air pollution on asthma and allergies in children 70 3.4 Development of lung function 108 3.5 Association of school absenteeism with air pollution 134 Air pollution and childhood ... scope of the project “Systematic review of health aspects of air pollution in Europe”, implemented by the WHO Regional Office for Europe in support of air pollution policy development in Europe, and ... one of the products of the WHO project entitled “Systematic assessment of health aspects of air pollution in Europe”, which underpins the development of the Clean Air for Europe programme of the...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 09:20

... Fundamentals of Air Pollution Control, Reading, PA: AddisonWesley, 1998 2-2 Principles and Practices of Air Pollution Control Human Health and Environmental Effects of Air Pollution A ir pollution ... creation and growth of environmental health science and the increased quality of scientific research By 1980, air pollution meteorology came of age and mathematical models of the pollution of the ... Fundamentals of Air Pollution, San Diego: Academic Press, 1994, pp 3-20 Campbell, W.A and M.S Health, Jr., Air Pollution Legislation and Regulations,” A.C Stern (Ed.), Air Pollution, Vol IV, Air Quality...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 14:20

... Commercial and Noncommercial Turbofan and Turbojet Aircraft Emissions,’’ memorandum from John Mueller, Assessment and Standards Division, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, May 2011 A copy of ... ‘‘Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Aircraft;’’ Final Rule, 38 FR 19088, July 17, 1973 12 U.S EPA, ‘‘Control of Air Pollution from Aircraft and Aircraft Engines; Emission Standards and Test ... responsibility and authority for the evaluation of requests for exemptions from the emission standards to the Secretary of Transportation (DOT) See ‘‘Control of Air Pollution from Aircraft and Aircraft...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 14:20

... prevention, control and abatement of air pollution; and To inspect air pollution control areas, assess quality of air and to take steps for prevention, control and abatement of air pollution in such ... improvement of the quality of the air and the prevention, control and abatement of air pollution To plan and cause to be executed a nation-wide programme for the prevention, control and abatement of air ... control and abatement of air pollution To collect, compile and publish technical and statistical data related to air pollution; and To lay down standards for the quality of air and emission quantities...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 14:20

... effects of particulate air pollution are distributed over multiple days, and air pollution is serially correlated If pollution at lags 0, and is associated with the risk of mortality, and the ... studies of air pollution and mortality This class of models includes a variety of predictors such as running means of temperature, non-linear functions of running means, multiple lags of temperature ... use of generalized additive models in time-series studies of air pollution and health Am J Epidem., 156, 193–203 Dominici, F., Samet, J M and Zeger, S L (2000) Combining evidence on air pollution...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 18:20

... sources of pollution : cities, industrial plants * Identify species of the lichens Transect showing that the number of lichens growing on the tops of sandstone walls, on asbestos roofs, and on ... anatomy and chemical substances Assessing the effects of air pollution from physiological & biochemical changes •Degradation of chlorophyll • Photosynthesis decline Provide faster responses to air pollution ... Lichens & air pollution ของ British museum 12 Identify lichen species •Assessing the effects of air pollution on community change need to identify lichens at the species level • Taxonomy of lichens...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 18:20