... |(1)The languagemodel weight λ and the word inser-tion penalty ip lead to a better performance in prac-tice, but they have no theoretical justification. Ourgrammar -based languagemodel is ... grammar -based language model. To this end,we used a baseline speech recognition system whichprovided the N best hypotheses of an utterancealong with their respective scores. The grammar- based language ... ofphrases or words is computed.2.4 Model ParametersBesides the distributions required to specify P (T ),our languagemodel has three parameters: the lan-guage model weight µ, the attachment probabilityq...
... MI-Trigger model In order to evaluate the efficiency of MI- Trigger -based language modeling, we compare it with word unigram and bigram models. Both word unigram and word bigram models are ... DD-6-MI-Trigger model represents a distance-dependent MI- Trigger -based model with a window size of 6. All the models are built on the XinHua corpus of 29M words. Let's take the DD-6-MI-Trigger model ... in a trigger -based model will be conducted in Section 5. For simplicity, we represent a trigger pair as XX-ws-MI-Trigger, and call a trigger -based model as the XX-ws-MI-Trigger model, while...
... class -based models can be builtjust like word -based n-gram models using existinginfrastructure. In addition, the size of the model isusually greatly reduced.2.1 One-Sided Class -Based ModelsTwo-sided ... differentclass -based models with the word -based model incomparison to the BLEU scores by a system usingonly the word -based model on the Arabic-Englishtranslation task.dev test nist06word -based only ... resulting from using class -based models byusing more sophisticated techniques for combiningthem with word -based models such as linear inter-polations of word- and class -based models with coef-ficients...
... tested this hy-pothesis by using a separate neuralnetwork to ar-bitrate among multiple detection networks. It wasfound that the neural network- based arbitrationpro-duces results comparable ... Kanadetk@cs.cmu.eduhttp://www.cs.cmu.edu/˜tkAbstractWe present a neural network- based face detectionsystem. A retinally connected neuralnetwork ex-amines small windows of an image, and decideswhether ... outputfroma single network are shownin Figure 2. In the figure, each box represents theposition and size of a window to which the neural network gave a positive response. The network hassome...
... recognition/detection by probabilis-tic decision -based neural network. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, Special Issue onArtificial Neural Networks and Pattern Recognition, 8(1), January 1997.[Moghaddam ... Zhang and John Fulcher. Face recognition using artificial neural network group -based adaptive tolerance (GAT) trees. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks,7(3):555–567, 1996.13Figure 4: Left: Average ... 4: Networks trained with derotated examples, but applied at all 18 orientations.Upright Test Set Rotated Test SetSystem Detect % # False Detect % # False Network 1 90.6% 9140 97.3% 3252Network...
... and comparison of models. Journal of GeophysicalResearch 90 (C5), 8995–9005.Yao, X., 1999. Evolving artificial neural networks. Proceedings of theIEEE Transactions on Neural Networks 87 (9), ... concentration). Neural networks, in particular the multi-layer perceptron(Hornik et al., 1989), provide a flexible and non-lineartool for tackling regression problems in the air qualitymodelling ... (Hornik et al., 1989), which states that a two-hidden layer network may achieve the same accuracywith a single hidden layer neuralnetwork with fewerhidden layer neurons. However, the use of...
... incorporate large-scale n-gram language models in conjunction withincremental syntactic language models.The added decoding time cost of our syntactic language model is very high. By increasing ... trans-lation has effectively used n-gram word sequencemodels as language models.Modern phrase -based translation using large scalen-gram language models generally performs wellin terms of lexical ... LMs. Syntactic language modelshave also been explored with tree -based translationmodels. Charniak et al. (2003) use syntactic lan-guage models to rescore the output of a tree -based translation...
... accurate language model. For the current study, all language models wereestimated from a one million sentence (210M char-acter) sample of the NY Times portion of the EnglishGigaword corpus. Models ... Finally, languagemodel integrationwith RSVP is relatively straightforward, as we shalldemonstrate. See Roark et al. (2010) for methodsintegrating language modeling into grid scanning.2 RSVP based ... assumes the EEG -based informationand the languagemodel information are statisticallyindependent given the class label) is used to combinethe RDA discriminant score and the language model score...