recombinant dna and biotechnology

... DNA pieces are joined in vitro to form recombinant molecules • Generate sticky ends on the DNA, e.g with restriction endonucleases • Tie DNA molecules from different sources together with DNA ... phage and P1 phage can carry large fragments of DNA – 20 kb for lambda – 70 to 300 kb for P1 • M13 phage vectors can be used to generate single-stranded DNA YAC vectors for cloning large DNA inserts ... anneal primers, and synthesize new DNA: duplex molecules of desired product PCR, cycle 5: exponential increase in product Cycle 5: Denature, anneal primers, and synthesize new DNA: 14 duplex molecules...

Ngày tải lên: 13/03/2014, 18:39

... using recombinant DNA technology was human insulin, developed by Genentech and Licensed by Eli Lilly and Company  Applications of recombinant biotechnology  Recombinant human insulin  Recombinant ... production and intracellular replication of recombinant DNA appeared in 1972 and 1973 Stanford University applied for a US patent on recombinant DNA in 1974, listing the inventors as Stanley N Cohen and ... and selectable marker are common to vectors  Self-replicating  Double stranded  Circular DNA  Independent extrachromosomal DNA in  Ampicillin bacteria 1kb-500kb  Kanamycin  Origin of DNA...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 22:20

... in a covalent manner, and that both DNA- helix distorting and single strand nick forms of DNA damage are important pathways to apoptosis upon expression of NS1 Materials and Methods Transfection ... cellular DNA, and that this damage leads to apoptosis Upon detection of DNA damage, DNA damage response proteins inhibit the cell cycle and are capable of inducing apoptosis if the DNA lesion ... are suggestive of DNA damage as a cause of NS1-induced apoptosis ATM principally binds to free DNA ends or DNA strand breaks (43), while ATR recognizes single-stranded regions of DNA common to multiple...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2012, 11:18

... clades A, E, and B; and demonstrated equivalent amplification of the target gene Separation of PBMC Subsets and HIV DNA Analaysis Because HIV DNA is present in both lymphocytes and monocytes, ... triplicate using independent standard curves generated to measure relative HIV DNA copy number and cellular equivalent genomic DNA The plasmid used to generate the standard curves was designed with ... 72°C/2 We used non-HIV-1 infected genomic DNA for a negative control and DNA from three HIV-1 infected cell lines (8E5, OM10.1, and ACH-2; NIH AIDS Research and Reference Reagent Program, NIH, Bethesda,...

Ngày tải lên: 31/10/2012, 15:34

... G-quadruplex DNA (A) EMSA was performed with EWS (lanes and 4) and 32P-labeled ETS-1 (lanes and 4) or ssDNA L (lanes and 2) (B) EMSA was performed with EWS (lanes 2, and 6) and 32P-labeled Htelo (lanes and ... RGG3 (lanes and 4) and 32P-labeled Htelo (lanes and 2) or rHtelo (lanes and 4) (B) EMSA was performed with RGG3 (lanes and 4) and 32P-labeled rHtelo (lanes and 2) or mut rHtelo (lanes and 4) (C, ... and 4), dsHtelo (lanes and 6) or ssDNA S (lanes and 2) The structures of DNAs used as probes are indicated above each lane The DNA protein complexes were resolved by 6% PAGE and visualized by autoradiography...

Ngày tải lên: 15/02/2014, 01:20

... Intellectual property and biotechnology Shiva, Vandana (2000), Tomorrow’s Biodiversity, London: Thames and Hudson; and Ikechi Mgbeoji (2006), Global Biopiracy: Patents, Plants, and Indigenous Knowledge, ... involve the use of recombinant DNA The lawyers sought to ward off allegations that genetic technology posed undue risks to human health and the environment: Recombinant DNA research, and any controversies ... plants and animals; methods of human treatment, pharmaceutical drugs and research tools; and human genes, stem cells and tissues No doubt, some of these inventions would seem to be farfetched and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 05:20

... identification and characterization of major allergens for each clinical manifestation is important and the use of standardized recombinant proteins might reduce inaccurate diagnosis Some recombinant ... Isoplant DNA extraction Kit (Takara Bio Inc., Shiga, Japan) PCR was performed using KOD DNA polymerase (Toyobo, Osaka, Japan) and DNA AMPLIFIER MIR-D40 (Sanyo, Osaka, Japan) To amplify the DNA fragments ... H Matsuo et al Cloning and expression of wheat x-5 gliadin Fig Western blot analysis of native and recombinant x-5 gliadin with IgE antibodies from patients with WDEIA and healthy controls One...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 01:20

... intensity was  45% of its initial abundance DNA strand break analysis The ability of Cu(II)-Ami to induce strand breaks in plasmid DNA in the absence and presence of H2O2 was tested with the use ... concentration effect of Ami between lM and 25 mM, and differences in the extent of formation of form II between experiments (compare lanes and in Fig 4A and lanes and in Fig 4B with those in Fig 5A), ... of superhelical DNA to its linear form, and further, to a continuum of short DNA fragments (Fig 5C) The relative persistence of form (II) and the stepwise character of plasmid DNA degradation...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 01:21

... Therefore, systemic and extensive investigations are still required to assign universally appropriate parameter sets of the temperature-dependent thermodynamics for the DNA/ DNA and RNA /DNA oligonucleotide ... the present study, we determined the temperatureindependent and temperature-dependent thermodynamic parameters of 24 DNA/ DNA and 41 RNA /DNA oligonucleotide duplexes The heat capacity changes were ... AND METHODS Material preparations DNA and RNA oligonucleotides were synthesized on a solid support using the standard phosphoramidite method with an Applied Biosystems Model 391 synthesizer and...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 07:20

... trigger factor (TF), the DnaK, DnaJ, GrpE system and the GroEL–GroES pair A comprehensive review of the folding process transcends the aim of this paper and can be found in [9,10] and references therein ... recombinant mRNA, causing a decrease in housekeeping mechanisms (i.e DNA and protein synthesis), rearrangements in cellular catabolic rates and slower, if any, growth rate [21] (Fig 1B) The DNA ... spectrum and each peak can be assigned according to its wavenumber For instance, in water a-helices and random coils absorb between 1660 and 1648 cm)1, intramolecular b-sheets between 1640 and 1623...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 00:20

... parts: Chemistry and Properties; Processing; Oxidation and Antioxidants; Nutrition; and Biotechnology and Biochemistry We are grateful to the readers and users of the previous editions and can only ... 2-, and 3-series prostaglandins originating from 20:3v6, 20:4v6, and 20:5v3, respectively The structures of the 1-, 2-, and 3-prostaglandins differ Akoh/Food Lipids: Chemistry, Nutrition, and Biotechnology ... Nutrition, and Biotechnology 46632_C001 Final Proof page 21.1.2008 10:20pm Compositor Name: PJayaraj Food Lipids: Chemistry, Nutrition, and Biotechnology TABLE 1.5 Systematic, Common, and Shorthand...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 05:21

... of one strand and only the 3¢-end G-tract of the other strand [30] (Fig 3D) The core of this structure, called the (3 + 1) core, has three strands oriented in one direction and one strand oriented ... consecutive G-tracts are 5¢-syn-anti-anti-3¢ and 5¢-syn-syn-anti-3¢ for one strand and 5¢-syn-syn-anti-3¢ and 5¢-syn-anti-anti-3¢ for the other strand of the dimer; glycosidic conformations of ... DNA A Long human telomeric DNA and RNA sequences The next step toward understanding the structure of the ‘real’ telomeres is to address the question on the structure of long human telomeric DNA...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 09:22

... tail and 3’ blunt end, DnaB enters DNA with both strands passing through the central channel of DnaB (Kaplan, 2000) The translocation of DnaB on double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) requires ATP hydrolysis ... temporally and spatially separate DNA unwinding by DnaB helicase from its ATP-dependent locomotion on DNA (double- or single-stranded) It is known that when encountering a linear DNA with a 5’ tail and ... interaction between Net1 and Sir2 on one hand and between Net1 and Fob1 on the other, and loads Sir2 near the Ter sites This process, as noted above, causes silencing of rDNA and prevents unwanted...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 23:20

... NaH2PO4, and KI were obtained either from Fluka (Buchs, Switzerland) or from Riedel-deHaen (Seelze GmbH, Germany) dNTP, Pwo DNA polyă merase, HindIII and EcoRI endonucleases, and T4 DNA ligase ... articial ICAP DNA possesses a symmetrical sequence, which binds with high afnity to the CRP HTH motifs, and the lac and gal DNA sequences represent the CRP-binding sites from class I and class II ... emission and has a maximum at 338 nm 1105 CRP conformational changes induced by DNA and cAMP M Tworzydo et al Table Fluorescence quenching parameters for CRPW85A, CRPW85A(cAMP)2 and CRPW85ADNA complexes...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 16:20

... Polarized strand, 5’->3’ Base inside, sugar outside DNA and its Building Antiparallel strands DNA Pairs A always pairs with T, and G with C, A-T two hydrogen bonds, G-C three hydrogen bonds DNA Double ... template to form complimentary pairs with a new DNA strand • DNA is in nucleus in eucaryotes 1953 Watson and Crick determined the structure of DNA DNA and its Building Nucleotides: Guanine (G), Adenine ... strands holding together by hydrogen bonds between A-T (2 bonds) and G-C (3 bonds) • DNA duplication occurs using one strand of parental DNA as template to form complimentary pairs with a new DNA...

Ngày tải lên: 13/03/2014, 16:39

... steps used to clone DNA?     Isolate DNA from an organism Cut the organismal DNA and the vector with restriction enzymes making recombinant DNA Introduce the recombinant DNA into a host Restriction ... of constructing a cDNA library? How is mRNA isolated for constructing a cDNA library and what special enzymes are required to prepare cDNA? What is adapter and linker DNA, and what advantages ... RNase H, DNA polymerase I, and DNA ligase Cloning of cDNA using BamHI linkers Screening     What screening method can be used to identify a recombinant clone with a target gene in a cDNA library...

Ngày tải lên: 13/03/2014, 19:33

... characteristics of R&D costs and returns in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries The final section examines recent policy developments and issues surrounding patent lifetime and generic competition ... Scandinavian Journal of Economics (1992 Suppl.): 29-47 Ibid., Table F.M Scherer, Industrial Market Structure and Economic Performance (Chicago: Rand McNally, 1980), 407 2 The pharmaceutical and ... regulatory policy, and government reimbursement controls.6 The focus of this paper is on the role and impact of patents and intellectual property protection in the discovery and development of...

Ngày tải lên: 13/03/2014, 21:59

... genes and genome-related technologies is considered vital for the survival and success of the biotechnology industry Under US patent law, DNA sequences are considered chemical compounds by USPTO and ... produced, processed or used’ This includes DNArelated inventions, such as an isolated DNA fragment and the gene it encodes or DNA sequence analysis protocols and its software products The definition ... as DNA, RNA and proteins, are not themselves living, but naturally occurring The ability to isolate genes and produce the proteins they encode has enormous commercial impact The availability and...

Ngày tải lên: 13/03/2014, 21:59

... Papaya biology and biotechnology Teixeira da Silva et al Tree and Forestry Science and Biotechnology 1(1), 47-73 â2007 Global Science Books GENETICS AND GENOMICS ... inspection Harvesting, handling, heat treatment, storage and ripening With increased consumer awareness of papaya and the expansion in production and exports, papaya fruit ripening and handling research ... researchers (Litz and Conover 1977, 1978a; Rajeevan and Pandey 1983, 1986; Mosella and Iligaray 1985; Drew and Smith 1986; Drew 1988; Mondal et al 1990; Reuveni et al 1990; Kataoka and Inoue 1991;...

Ngày tải lên: 13/03/2014, 22:03

... carrion and blood and swine flesh, and that which hath been dedicated unto any other than Allah, and the strangled, and the dead through beating, and the dead through falling from a height, and that ... harmful and dirty creatures like flies, and lice are also prohibited as food Eggs and milk from permitted animals are also allowed “He hath forbidden you only carrion, and blood, and swine flesh, and ... sheep, cattle, and buffaloes Also chicken, ducks, turkey, pigeon, and sparrows and like birds are allowed While meat of swine, boars, and carnivorous animals like lion, tiger, dog, cats and prey birds...

Ngày tải lên: 13/03/2014, 22:08