realization of positive politeness strategies in suggesting

... affecting politeness 22 CHAPTER 2: POSITIVE POLITENESS STRATEGIES MANIFESTED IN CONVERSATIONS IN “ WUTHERING HEIGHTS” 2. 1Positive politeness strategies manifested in conversations in “Wuthering ... social goal (e.g, ordering, asking, demanding, begging, etc), convivial (e.g, offering, inviting, greeting, etc), collaborative (e.g, asserting, reporting, announcing, instructing, etc) and conflictive ... 2.1 Positive politeness strategies manifested in conversations in “ Wuthering Heights” The frequency of occurrence of positive politeness strategies in “Wuthering Heights” can be summed up in...

Ngày tải lên: 18/12/2013, 21:45

... in teaching and learning politeness strategies in requests; and applying them in our daily interaction The research questions of the study are: - What kind of politeness strategies are used in ... 3.2 Positive politeness strategies in requests in the course book The chart 3.2 shows the results of positive politeness strategies of requests used in the course book There are strategies of positive ... appropriate politeness strategy not only in writing form but also in speaking and communicating In this study, we focus on the politeness strategies that are often used in requests in daily interaction...

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 00:41

... described in terms of the level of their psychological consequences, often performing an act by saying something such as persuading, convincing, scaring, enlightening, inspiring, or otherwise getting ... to mininze risk of losing face (Nguyen Quang, 2001) Table 1: Statistics of positive and negative politeness strategies in each CA Figure 3: Frequency of negative and positive politeness strategies ... which are Politeness Rules of Lakoff (1990), Politeness Principles Maxims of Leech (1983) and Politeness Strategies of Brown and Levinson (1987) Amongst outstanding linguists, the most influential...

Ngày tải lên: 02/03/2015, 14:19

... Brown, P & Levinson, S C.‟s theory of politeness strategies was originally introduced in 1970s, it still remains the most influential model for describing politeness in human interaction Politeness ... politeness strategies In attempting to find out whether there are any differences in the way of using politeness strategies according to gender, the author sees no distinction in the choice of ... and point out the significant of politeness strategies in communication - Classify politeness strategies employed in conversations in listening sections of the book ―Innovations – Pre-Intermediate‖...

Ngày tải lên: 02/03/2015, 14:36

... for using politeness strategies in English In the second part of this chapter, the author focuses on analyzing the frequencies of positive, negative and mixed politeness strategies used in “Inside ... performance of politeness strategies in the conversational activities of the coursebook (Book - Pre-Intermediate) in terms of the performance and frequency of positive and negative politeness strategies ... contact” (Goffman 1955:213) Brown and Levinson (1987), using Goffman‟s definition of face as a starting point, propose a comprehensive and, according to Brown and Levinson, universal theory of politeness...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2015, 08:58

... ordering, greeting, accepting, warning, demanding, advertising, canceling, inviting, withdrawing, declaring, judging, criticizing, describing, and congratulating In the theory of Austin (1962), a ... (2011), the frequency of positive and negative politeness strategies was also investigated in terms of so-called function of utterance namely responding, inviting, requesting, suggesting and social ... will be offered 3.2 Findings The result of the statistical process offered interesting findings related to the occurrence frequency of positive, negative and mixed politeness strategies in “Top...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2015, 09:09

... theories: Politeness rules of Lakoff, Politeness principles maxims of Leech and Politeness strategies of Brown and Levinson The course book is analyzed mainly in the light of the politeness theories of ... act: performing an act of saying something; Illocutionary act: performing an act in saying something; Perlocutionary act: performing an act by saying something E.g.: Turn off the light! In the above ... Circumstances determining choice of strategies (Brown and Levinson, [2, 60]) In their theory, the concept of “face” is central Brown and Levinson outline five main types of politeness strategies: Don’t...

Ngày tải lên: 17/07/2015, 11:02

... part of all social interactions The author of this study aims to investigate and highlight the important role of positive and negative politeness strategies in the conversational activities of ... Scope of the study: This study focuses on the realization of positive and negative politeness strategies found in the conversational activities (twelve units) of the course book “New – Headway, Intermediate” ... theoretical background of speech acts, politeness and politeness strategies; the second chapter analyses the positive and negative politeness strategies in the conversational activities in the course...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2015, 19:47

... objectives of gaining insights into the positive and negative politeness strategies in the conversations of the course book “Top Notch 2” by Joan M Saslow and Allen Ascher -the third book in the ... - Identifying and analyzing positive strategies employed in the conversations of “Top Notch 2” (the first edition) - Identifying and analyzing negative politeness strategies employed in the conversations ... Chapter 3: Findings and discussion – reports the study‟s finding on which further discussion is offered Part C: Conclusion: ends the study by summarizing its main points as well as finding out the...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2015, 19:48

... communication In this study, we will take into consideration of both other-face and self-face in the examination of politeness strategies in the context of Instant Messaging (IM) conversations, a type of ... situated in the field of politeness research, which has dominated research in pragmatics for several decades and is mainly based on Brown & Levinson’s Face Theory According to Brown & Levinson, politeness ... his inspiring guidance and continual support during and after my study at Peking University in 2010-2011 My heartfelt thanks also go to A/P Yung Sai Shing, A/P Lee Cheuk Yin, Dr Peng Rui, Prof...

Ngày tải lên: 26/09/2015, 10:13

... product of the number of incoming active edges and the number of outgoing inactive edges In addition, the number of chart edges produced is a measure which is independent of implementation and machine ... significantly increase efficiency in chart parsing by fine-tuning the rule-invocation strategy Fine-tuning however also requires that the characteristics of the grammars to be used are borne in mind Nevertheless, ... the number of edges does not give any indication of the overhead costs involved in various strategies Hence I also provide figures of the parsing times, albeit with a warning for taking them too...

Ngày tải lên: 09/03/2014, 01:20

... contributions of this project will be the development of products outlining the synthesis of findings in allied health profession-specific reviews By synthesizing the evidence across the disciplines, in ... pathologists Interventions Interventions /strategies with a primary purpose of translating research (or enhancing research uptake) into clinical practice; examples of potential interventions include reminders, ... important in an emerging field such as KT in the allied health professions The merit in including these designs is that the results will reflect the rich and emerging literature base in KT strategies...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 10:23

... needed The potential role of point -of- care reminders and opinion leaders in closing care gaps In looking for a simple, effective and evidence-based means to improve the quality of care for patients ... practical means of incorporating the influence of these individuals into everyday practice Previous studies have established that the information format favoured most by front-line clinicians is ... statin-related secondary prevention consisting of: 1) provision of a statin sample, or 2) provision of a statin prescription, or 3) increasing the dosage of a statin within the first six months post-angiogram...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 05:22

... partial pressure of arterial oxygen soned that, if the institution of positive pressure ventilation increased the severity of lung injury, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-8) ... acceptance of the null hypothesis, namely that the institution of positive pressure ventilation is not associated with an increase in biomarkers of lung injury The total number of patients in this ... Biomarker levels after the institution of positive pressure ventilation Serum cytokine levels at three different time points – within the hours before intubation, within hours after intubation, and between...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 03:20

... reflecting ceiling tiles by the sound absorbing tiles in an intensive coronary care unit The RT was markedly reduced by 0.4 s in the main working space and 0.5 s in a patient ward, which had a positive ... cardiac intermediate, medical, and surgical in USA pediatric ICU in USA intermediate respiratory care unit in USA ICU in UK respiratory ICU in Canada ICU type Summary of the studies on the influence ... detailed information concerning the noise characteristics in a neurological ICU, with the background noise measured in 1/3 octave bands, indicating that high frequency noise dominated in the Page of...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 11:23

... focused Since awareness of politeness strategy training is the initial step of the training, it should be interesting and motivating so that students will be willing to expand their knowledge of politeness ... up 3.2.3 Long-term politeness strategy training Long-term politeness strategy training, like one-time training, involves making students conscious of the intended politeness strategies and practice ... for students: politeness strategyawareness training, one-time politeness strategy training and long-term politeness strategy training 3.2.1 Politeness strategy-awareness training Politeness strategy-awareness...

Ngày tải lên: 02/03/2015, 14:22

... “open-ended, both in terms of propositional content and linguistic form as well as pragmatic force.” A scale consisting of nine request strategies ranked in order of increasing degree of indirectness ... 3.2 Politeness strategies in requests by the characters in “Twilight” 3.2.1 The utilization of strategies 3.2.1.1 Balance of politeness strategies in requests in “Twilight” 23 A wide range of ... studies to uncover the politeness strategies of other kinds of FTAs employed in the Twilight Saga; for example, the speech act of promising, complaining or responding to requests Finally, the study...

Ngày tải lên: 02/03/2015, 14:22