question answering as questionbiased term extraction

... has regarded Question Answering as Question- Biased Term Extraction. As a feasibility study, we built a QA system using Maximum Entropy Models on a 2000 -question/ answer dataset. The results were evaluated ... Japan yutaka.sasaki@atr.jp Abstract This paper regards Question Answering (QA) as Question- Biased Term Extraction (QBTE). This new QBTE approach lib- erates QA systems from the heavy bur- den imposed by question ... Ques- tion Answering as Question- Biased Term Extraction (QBTE). This new QBTE approach liberates QA systems from the heavy burden imposed by question types. Since it is a challenging as well as a very...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 04:22

... information synthesis has not escaped the attention of other re- searchers. The last few years have seen a conver- gence between the question answering and sum- marization communities (Amig ´ o et al., 2004), as highlighted ... Evans. 1999. Analysis of questions asked by family doctors regarding patient care. BMJ, 319:358–361. P. Gorman, J. Ash, and L. Wykoff. 1994. Can pri- mary care physicians’ questions be answered ... 2001. Building a knowl- edge base to support a digital library. In MEDINFO 2001. Y. Niu and G. Hirst. 2004. Analysis of semantic classes in medical text for question answering. In ACL 2004 Workshop...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 20:20

... environment, with an emphasis on graph-based methods, can im- prove the performance of information extraction from data for tasks such as question classifica- tion (Tri et al., 2006), web classification (Liu ... texts, i.e., question as hypothesis and candidate sentence as the text, potentially indicating containment of true answer, and cast the inference recognition as classification problem to determine ... ranking, an- swer extraction, etc. Our QA system has a sim- ilar pipeline structure and implements a new TE module for information extraction phase of the QA task. TE is a task of determining if the...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 07:20

... 1: Precision, Recall, and F1 of ASP, ASP Text, ASP Pers+Text, and ASP Group for predicting satisfaction of askers with varying number of questions 20 previous questions. Interestingly, the simple strategy ... rating ”want in” answer ”in the” in question CA avg asker rating ”adenocarcinoma” in question CA History “anybody” in question ”was” in question ”who is” in question Q content typo density ”live” ... quality, it is un- known if the asker’s information need was satisfied. Based on our exploration we believe that the main reasons for not “closing” a question are a) the asker loses interest in the...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 09:20

... corpus for several reasons: 1. QuALiM is an open domain Question Answer- ing system and Wikipedia is an “open domain” Encyclopedia; it aims to cover all areas of inter- est as long as they are of some ... returned text passages present the answer in context and thus help users to validate the answer–there always will be the odd case where a system returns a wrong result. 1 for Question Answering with ... exploited to im- prove performance when finding answers or as in our case–projecting answers. 2 How Best to Present Answers? In the fields of Question Answering and Web Search, the issue how answers/results...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 09:20

... system (2, 5, 6, 7, 11, 12). Questions 18 and 20 were not correctly answered by any of the two systems. We believe the reason is that question 18 was ambiguous as far as polarity of the opin- ions ... quotes and titles, as well as explore a wider range of polar- ity/opinion scales. Furthermore, questions 15, 16, 18, 19 and 20 contain both factual as well as opinion aspects and the OQA system ... list of 20 questions for each language. Finally, we produced the Gold Standard, by labeling the corpus with the correct answers corresponding to the questions. 1.1 Questions No TYPE QUESTION...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 09:20

... interrogative questions associated with what, by using a Web-based encyclopedia as a knowledge base. For the purpose of evaluation, we used as test inputs technical terms collected from the Class II ... those patterns can be a term description. The second rule is based on HTML layout. In a typ- ical case, a term in question is highlighted as a heading with tags such as <DT>, <B> ... generat- ing encyclopedias is of operational quality. 5.3 Evaluating Question Answering We used as test inputs 40 questions, which are related to technical terms collected from the Class II exami- nation...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 18:20

... component of such question- answering systems as TEAM [4], PHLIQA1 [7] and IRUS [1]. As an example of difficulties which may be encountered, consider the question "Was the patient's ... Utteren. The Question Answering System PHLIQA1. In L. Bolc (editor), Natural Language Question Answering Systems. Macmillan, 1980. [8] Scha, Remko J.H. English Words and Data Bases: How to ... the NIKL classifier, which compares it to other concepts already i n the hierarchy. Since MOTHER has PERSON as its range already, (VRDIFF MOTHER PERSON) is just MOTHER again. The classifier...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... to answering questions. The QA task in the TREC conference series (Voorhees 2002) has motivated much of the re- cent works focusing on fact-based, short-answer questions. Examples of such questions ... tests. Method P CWS Baseline 0.438 0.440 Baseline + WordNet Gloss 0.442 0.448 Baseline + WordNet Synset 0.438 0.446 Baseline + WordNet (Gloss,Synset) 0.442 0.446 Baseline + Web 0.548 0.578 Baseline + Web ... from Text and Knowledge Bases. ACL-EACL. 2002. Workshop on Open-domain Question Answering. E. Brill, J. Lin M. Banko, S. Dumais, and A. Ng. 2002. Data-intensive question answering. Text RE- trieval...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 02:20

... degree of a misclassification based on its position in the ontology. Hence they assign a non-zero value to a misclassification in most cases. Note that zero would be as- signed in the case where the ... which has been proposed for this task is Learning Accuracy (LA) [36], which was originally developed to measure how well an item had been clas- sified in an ontology. Learning Accuracy has a major ... For example, term extraction gen- erally makes use of frequency-based information whereas typically named entity recog- nition uses a more linguistic basis. Note also that a " ;term& quot; refers...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 14:20

... Question Answering Forums Zhonghua Qu and Yang Liu The University of Texas at Dallas {qzh,yangl@hlt.utdallas.edu} Abstract Online forums are becoming a popular re- source in the state of the art question ... and answers. Question answering forums, such as technical support forums, are places where users find answers through conversations. Because of their nature as online communities, question answer- ing ... release of Linux has a bug, we can expect to find solutions in forums first. However, unlike other structured knowledge bases, often it is not straightforward to extract information such as questions...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 18:20

... candidate terms may be useful to identify domain specific terms based on two assumptions. First, terms are more likely to occur with other terms in order to express domain information. Second, term ... term candidate extraction. Other tasks such as named entity recognition, meaningful word extraction and unknown word detection, use techniques similar to that for term candidate extraction. But, ... a new term extraction ap- proach using relevance between term candi- dates calculated by a link analysis based method. Different types of relevance are used separately or jointly for term verification....

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 01:20

... factoid questions in TREC 2004 has 230 questions. Lexical chains containing the re- stricted set of relations that propagate verb argu- ments were found for 33 questions, linking verbs in those questions ... in pas- sive voice, then its arguments are normalized to active voice. The subject phrase of the verb in pas- sive voice represents its object and the noun phrase inside prepositional phrase ... order to increase the cover- age, a larger set of verb senses were auto- matically associated with the existing pat- terns from VerbNet. The algorithm is used in an in-house Question Answering sys- tem...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 02:21

... assembles question- answer pairs (known as QUABs) from the top-ranked pas- sages returned in response to a question. Table 2 lists some of the questions that this module has produced for the question ... increased by as much as 20% overall. 1 Introduction Open-Domain Question Answering (Q/A) sys- tems return a textual expression, identified from a vast document collection, as a response to a question ... the system. When at least one of the top 50 AGQs were entailed by the original question, the answer passage associ- ated with the top-ranked entailed question was re- turned as the answer. When...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 02:21

... between the user question and the QUAB question to be defined as , where Similarity Metric 4 is based on the question type similarity. Instead of using the question class, determined by its stem, ... Dialogue Question Answer Decomposition Question Information Extraction Representation Off−line Question Answering Database (QUAB) Question Answer Figure 1: FERRET - A Predictive Interactive Question- Answering Architecture. model, ... compute the similarity between the user question and any question from the QUAB: Similarity Metric 2 is based on the percent of user question terms that appear in the QUAB question. It is obtained by finding...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 04:22

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 04:22

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 04:22

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 04:22

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 05:20