quantitative method of sales forecasting
Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 1
Ngày tải lên :
24/10/2013, 17:15
... system of ruminants, leading to
studies on the peculiarities of metabolism that cope with the unusual products
of microbial digestion. The reading list at the end of this chapter gives some of
the ... fractional
rates of digestion are biased estimates of the true fractional digestion rates of
the feed. Second, the standard technique for assessing the adequacy of the first-
order model of digestion ... Chapter 1 of the previous edition of this book (Forbes and
France, 1993). However, all the subsequent chapters in this second edition are
ß CAB International 2005. Quantitative Aspects of Ruminant...
- 60
- 366
- 0
Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 2
Ngày tải lên :
24/10/2013, 17:15
... Proceedings of the Nutrition Society of Australia 14, 153.
Faichney, G.J. (1990) Effect of level of intake and grinding of lucerne hay on the
efficiency of rumination in sheep. Proceedings of the ... composition of
rumen digesta and of the fractional outflow rates of digesta constituents. Australian
Journal of Agricultural Research 31, 1129–1137.
Faichney, G.J. (1983) The effect of physical form of ... because of its role both in the processes of digestion and absorp-
tion and in the expression of voluntary feed consumption.
The Nature of Digesta
The ruminant GI tract consists of a succession of...
- 39
- 427
- 0
Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 3
Ngày tải lên :
29/10/2013, 00:15
... (2000) Estimating the extent of degradation of ruminant
feeds from a description of their gas production profiles observed in vitro: com-
parison of models. British Journal of Nutrition 83, 131–142.
Dijkstra, ... the
extent of degradation of ruminant feeds from a description of their gas production
profiles observed in vitro: derivation of models and other mathematical consider-
ations. British Journal of Nutrition ... overestimation of both the immediately soluble fraction and the extent of
degradation, and likely underestimation of the rate of degradation (Huntington
and Givens, 1995).
Loss of particles from...
- 35
- 432
- 0
Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 4
Ngày tải lên :
29/10/2013, 00:15
... 5.2).
Rate of intake of legumes was higher than for grasses and the extent of size
reduction of petioles and stems was correspondingly less (Wilman et al., 1996).
The greater ease of breakdown of lucerne ... assessment of handling
time ion in ruminants: the effect of plant chemical and physical structure on the rate
of breakdown of plant particles in the rumen of mule deer and elk. Canadian
Journal of Zoology ... more
quantitative definition of patterns of LP comminution, sampling of bolus traffic
during rumination has yielded some insights, but has rarely been accompanied
by anatomical characterization of...
- 34
- 392
- 0
Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 5
Ngày tải lên :
07/11/2013, 23:15
... effect of forage species and stage of harvest on the processes of
digestion occurring in the rumen of cattle. British Journal of Nutrition 56,
439–454.
Bird, S.H. (1995) Manipulation of rumen ... effects of the presence or
absence of protozoa in the rumen on live-weight gain and wool growth of sheep.
British Journal of Nutrition 52, 607–611.
Boggs, D.E. (1959) In vivo
15
N tracer study of ... rumen: methods of
measurement. Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews 34, 339–352.
Weekes, T.E.C. and Webster, A.J.F. (1975) Metabolism of propionate in the tissues of
the sheep gut. British Journal of...
- 50
- 488
- 0
Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 6
Ngày tải lên :
07/11/2013, 23:15
... mg of X
2
biomass
synthesized per mg X
1
biomass ingested and mg of X
1
biomass per ml of culture.
Also note that in this set of equations, protozoa do not utilize substrate, but obtain
all of ... production of copious
quantities of saliva containing bicarbonate and phosphate salts, which enable
the rumen to be maintained at a pH of 6–7. Mixing of rumen contents and
ß CAB International 2005. Quantitative ... forages by pure cultures of rumen bacteria. Journal of Dairy Science 50,
1136–1141.
Dijkstra, J. (1994) Simulation of the dynamics of protozoa in the rumen. British
Journal of Nutrition 72, 679–699.
Dijkstra,...
- 22
- 442
- 0
Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 7
Ngày tải lên :
07/11/2013, 23:15
... and
protein profiles in complex mixed cultures of organisms. These approaches
have not yet been used quantitatively, but they offer the possibility of mapping
the genetics and gene expression of mixed ... (1976) Effect of monensin fed with forage
on digestion and the ruminal ecosystem of steers. Journal of Animal Science 42,
229–234.
Eadie, J.M. and Gill, J.C. (1971) Effect of the absence of rumen ... Journal of Nutrition
26, 155–167.
Flint, H.J., Bisset, J. and Webb, J. (1989) Use of antibiotic resistance mutations to track
strains of obligately anaerobic bacteria introduced into the rumen of...
- 34
- 531
- 0
Tài liệu Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 8 docx
Ngày tải lên :
15/12/2013, 08:15
... supplemented with only small quantities of concen-
trates. Consumption of this type of forage with less than 45% of NDF resulted
in the highest intake of soluble carbohydrate of 4 kg/day or more. At first ... degradability of NDF (% of intake)
Fig. 10.2. Relationship between starch intake (kg of starch per day) and rumen degradability of
NDF (% of NDF intake). Only reported values have been used. Regression of ... effect of apparent digestibility of organic matter and an interaction of
the latter with level of feed intake. Another equation that is often used relates
methane production to the intake of three...
- 28
- 499
- 0
Tài liệu Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 9 pptx
Ngày tải lên :
15/12/2013, 08:15
... radioactivity of the precursor
at the site of metabolic use, causes an underestimation of the rate of conversion
of precursor to product. Consequently, estimates of the rate of conversion of
precursor ... blood
to the gut lumen.
Limitations of the method
Limitations of the A–V difference method include:
1. Loss of patency of even one catheter may prevent use of an animal. The
arterial sample is ... period of time, the rate of entry of the metabolite into the pool equals
the rate of exit and represents its rate of turnover. The turnover rate may also
be determined by measuring the rate of exit...
- 54
- 555
- 0
Tài liệu Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 10 pptx
Ngày tải lên :
15/12/2013, 09:15
... NEFA.
Oxidation of NEFA
Whole body
Two methods are commonly employed to measure the oxidation rate of NEFA.
Either the entry rate of NEFA and CO
2
are determined along with the contri-
bution of NEFA ... represent flux of NEFA whether in the form of
TAG-fatty acids or NEFA. The flux of NEFA into adipose tissue represents the sum of TAG
synthesis in all tissues. The estimated rate of lipogenesis ... the usefulness of NEFA biokinetics. Areas
requiring further work include the fate of NEFA, particularly the role of oxida-
tion vs. esterification, and the quantitative contribution of tissues to...
- 28
- 436
- 0
Tài liệu Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 11 ppt
Ngày tải lên :
15/12/2013, 09:15
... infusion
(a) or of a flooding-dose (b) of a labelled
amino acid. In (a) the ratio of the isotopic
activity of the label at the end of the
infusion crucially depends on the rate of
protein turnover ... (e.g. measurements of protein levels for some enzymes of the ubiqui-
tination machinery and proteasomal subunits, of the rate of ubiquitination of
protein substrates, and of proteasome activities).
Whole-body ... the
control of protein synthesis occurs mainly at the transcriptional level. Therefore
the quantification of the mRNA(s) of a given protein by molecular biology
techniques is often used as an index of...
- 26
- 505
- 0
Tài liệu Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 12 docx
Ngày tải lên :
15/12/2013, 09:15
... physical methods (direct calor-
imetry) or it may be inferred from quantitative measurements of some of the
Gross energy (= heat of combustion)
Faeces energy Digestible energy (= energy of digested ... knowledge of the
mechanics of protein turnover provides useful information, the factors that
determine the rate of protein turnover are of greater interest. Characterization
of the energetic cost of ... data as an example of the methodology, indicates estimates of
ME
m
of 0:67 MJ=kg
0:75
and k
l
of 0.65. The former value is 40% higher than
that predicted using the approach of AFRC (1990). In...
- 44
- 458
- 0
Tài liệu Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 13 docx
Ngày tải lên :
15/12/2013, 09:15
... specificity of effect is achieved (Dumont et al., 2002). This could arise
from use of different isoforms or activation of components in different parts of
the cell. It may be that while a number of hormones ... several isoforms; for example there are at least three iso-
forms of the b-adrenergic receptor (Carpene et al., 1998), two of the GTP-
binding protein G
s
, at least three isoforms of G
i
(Manning ... al., 1983) and this will support a rate of fatty
acid release of about 50 nmol/min/g tissue. The limited amount of data
available suggests a rate of lipolysis of about 5 nmol fatty acid released...
- 26
- 431
- 0
Tài liệu Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 14 docx
Ngày tải lên :
15/12/2013, 09:15
... of space, all the minerals
and their quantitative aspects of metabolism cannot be discussed in detail here.
As in the previous edition of the book, we chose to focus on quantitative aspects
of ... composition of microbial matter in the rumen.
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 27, 621–632.
Dijkstra, J. (1994) Simulation of the dynamics of protozoa in the rumen. British
Journal of Nutrition ... local injection of leptin into the
arcuate nucleus region of the hypothalamus is greater than for other sites of
administration. The hypothalamic arcuate nucleus is one site of action of
circulating...
- 54
- 459
- 0
