pulmonary circulation pulmonary edema pleural fluid

... sensation of chest tightness J-receptors, sensitive to interstitial edema, and pulmonary vascular receptors, activated by acute changes in pulmonary artery pressure, appear to contribute to air hunger...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... breathe (CHF, pulmonary embolism, moderate to severe airflow obstruction) Cannot get unsatisfying breath a deep breath, Hyperinflation (asthma, COPD) and restricted tidal volume (pulmonary fibrosis, ... Breath Descriptor Pathophysiology Chest tightness or constriction Bronchoconstriction, interstitial edema (asthma, myocardial ischemia) Increased work or effort of breathing Airway neuromuscular obstruction, ... breathing, Deconditioning breathing more Note: CHF, congestive heart failure; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Source: From Schwartzstein and Feller-Kopman Sensory Intensity A modified Borg...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... pulmonary edema, and aspiration all interfere with gas exchange Pulmonary vascular and interstitial lung disease and pulmonary vascular congestion may produce dyspnea by direct stimulation of pulmonary ... Large pleural effusions may contribute to dyspnea, both by increasing the work of breathing and by stimulating pulmonary receptors if there is associated atelectasis Gas Exchanger Pneumonia, pulmonary ... with increased activity in the controller Stimulation of pulmonary receptors, as occurs in acute bronchospasm, interstitial edema, and pulmonary embolism, also leads to hyperventilation and air...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... interstitial edema or fibrosis, diaphragmatic dysfunction, or impaired chest wall motion) The pulmonary parenchyma should be examined for evidence of interstitial disease and emphysema Prominent pulmonary ... Prominent pulmonary vasculature in the upper zones indicates pulmonary venous hypertension, while enlarged central pulmonary arteries suggest pulmonary artery hypertension An enlarged cardiac silhouette ... of the airways, and interstitial edema or fibrosis) The cardiac examination should focus on signs of elevated right heart pressures (jugular venous distention, edema, accentuated pulmonic component...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... e.g., heroin Cardiopulmonary bypass Possible Lung Injury Plus Elevated Hydrostatic Pressures High altitude pulmonary edema Neurogenic pulmonary edema Reexpansion pulmonary edema ... transient damage to the pulmonary capillaries in the case of reexpansion pulmonary edema Table 33-2 Common Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema Direct Injury to Lung Chest trauma, pulmonary contusion ... studied Pulmonary Edema Mechanisms of Fluid Accumulation The extent to which fluid accumulates in the interstitium of the lung depends on the balance of hydrostatic and oncotic forces within the pulmonary...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... noncardiogenic pulmonary edema is dominated by the findings of the precipitating condition; pulmonary findings may be relatively normal in the early stages The chest radiograph in cardiogenic pulmonary edema ... infiltrates; pleural effusions are common In noncardiogenic pulmonary edema, heart size is normal, alveolar infiltrates are distributed more uniformly throughout the lungs, and pleural effusions ... cardiogenic pulmonary edema is due largely to ventilation-perfusion mismatch and responds to the administration of supplemental oxygen In contrast, hypoxemia in noncardiogenic pulmonary edema is...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... huyết tư nằm, dịch tái phân bố từ bụng chi vào hệ mạch máu phổi (pulmonary vasculature), gây nên gia tăng áp lực thủy tỉnh phổi (pulmonary hydrostatic pressure) áp lực làm đầy tâm thất (ventricular ... trường hợp suy tim sung huyết thể nặng, tái phân bố dịch đủ để dẫn tới Phù Phổi Cấp (acute pulmonary edema) 5/ KỂ YẾU TỐ QUYẾT ĐỊNH CHỨC NĂNG TIM TRONG SUY TIM SUNG HUYẾT - Preload (précharge): ... tăng đến độ mao mạch không đủ khả vận tải dịch Kết phù khoang kẽ ( interstitial edema ), sau phù phế nang (alveolar edema) 11/ CÁC BỆNH NHÂN PHÙ PHỔI CẤP BIỂU HIỆN LÂM SÀNG NHƯ THỂ NÀO? - Bệnh nhân...

Ngày tải lên: 13/07/2014, 20:20

... mặt tiểu phế quản gây xẹp phế nang Nguyên nhân bệnh sinh phù phổi cấp - Phù phổi cấp (Acute pulmonaryoedema) bao gồm phù tổ chức kẽ phù phế nang cấp tính) - Phù phổi cấp phụ thuộc vào áp lực động...

Ngày tải lên: 27/07/2014, 12:20

... Normal pulmonary parenchyma (edema score 0) Fluid extravasations (edema score 1) Fluid extravasations and fluid in the alveoli (edema score 2) Pulmonary edema (edema score 3) Mean pulmonary edema ... included normal pulmonary parenchyma, fluid extravasations, fluid extravasations and fluid in the alveoli, and typical pulmonary edema The fluid accumulation in alveoli and extravasation of fluid were ... Minimal pulmonary edema (score 1); included those with only fluid extravasations, moderate edema (score 2); included those with fluid extravasations and fluid in the alveoli, advanced edema (score...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 10:20

... increased leakage from the alveolar space into the circulation Previous studies examined KL-6 levels in the serum and pulmonary ELF or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of adult patients with ARDS or ... S-S bond near the surface of the epithelial cell membrane, KL-6 can diffuse into pulmonary epithelial lining fluid (ELF) In the normal lung, this glycoprotein can be predominantly found on alveolar ... 2011, 12:32 http://respiratory-research.com/content/12/1/32 Page of fluid; BMS: bronchoscopic microsampling; ELF: epithelial lining fluid; ILD: interstitial lung disease; ROC: receiver operating characteristic...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 13:22

... NC: The value of edema fluid protein measurement in patients with pulmonary edema Am J Med 1979, 67:32-38 Eisenberg PR, Jaffe AS, Schuster DP: Clinical evaluation compared to pulmonary artery ... artery bypass graft; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CPE: cardiogenic pulmonary edema; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention; PCWP: pulmonary capillary wedge pressure Table Findings ... in discriminating cardiogenic pulmonary edema (CPE) from acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS), excluding the mixed type of pulmonary edema CRP levels were converted...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 13:22

... alveolar fluid in acute pulmonary edema if edema fluid levels of albuterol were greater than 10–6 M [45] Indeed, they found that they were able to achieve therapeutic levels of albuterol in the edema ... prevents pulmonary edema formation Mechanisms of clearance of edema from the lung Sodium transport through the alveolar epithelium plays a major and active role in the clearance of alveolar fluid ... isoproterenol improves clearance of pulmonary edema in hyperoxic rat lungs [34] Furthermore, alveolar liquid clearance and arterial oxygen tension due to hydrostatic pulmonary edema were increased by aerosolized...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 20:20

... concentration in the edema fluid increases is proportional to the amount of marker-free fluid (water) that has been reabsorbed from the alveolar spaces Mechanisms of alveolar fluid transport The ... setting of pulmonary edema, it is interesting that under normal conditions catecholamines not regulate ion and fluid transport Neither adrenalectomy nor β-blockers affect the baseline rate of edema ... lung capillaries to fluid, which leads to clinical pulmonary edema In contrast to the endothelium, the alveolar epithelium is often spared in ALI, and therefore active ion and fluid clearance can...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 20:20

... lifethreatening presentation of cardiogenic pulmonary edema Crit Care Med 2001, 29:891-5 Poulton PE: Left-sided heart failure with pulmonary edema: its treatment with the "pulmonary plus pressure machine" ... of cardiogenic pulmonary edema Chest 1987, 92:481-5 Hoffmann B, Welte T: The use of noninvasive pressure support ventilation for severe respiratory insufficiency due to pulmonary oedema Intensive ... cardiogenic pulmonary edema Anesth Analg 1997, 84:1091-6 Takeda S, Nejima J, Takano T, Nakanishi K, Takayama M, Sakamoto A, Ogawa R: Effect of nasal continuous positive airway pressure on pulmonary edema...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:23

... hydrostatic pulmonary edema, we performed a prospective clinical trial of the diagnostic utility of BNP in selected patients with convincing evidence of either ALI/ARDS or cardiogenic pulmonary edema ... BNP testing within 48 hours of recognition of pulmonary edema and ICU admission did not reliably distinguish ALI/ARDS from cardiogenic pulmonary edema This failure occurred despite efforts to ... messages • BNP levels drawn within 48 hours of developing pulmonary edema did not reliably distinguish acute lung injury from cardiogenic pulmonary edema in critically ill patients despite the exclusion...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:21

... sufficiently large reduction in pulmonary oedema to improve survival Pulmonary oedema development Development of pulmonary oedema was similar among the three oedema evaluation groups after 30 ... β-adrenergic agents stimulates pulmonary oedema clearance via the Na+/K+-ATP pump However, if it is to be regarded biologically relevant, a greater pulmonary oedema clearance must be accompanied ... with HVT produces lung injury with the formation of pulmonary oedema [14-20] and a decrease in oedema clearance [23] The intensity of the oedema and reduction in its clearance is related to the...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:21

... cardiogenic pulmonary edema Am J Cardiol 1985, 55:296-300 Masip J, Roque M, Sanchez B, Fernandez R, Subirana M, Exposito JA: Noninvasive ventilation in acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema: systematic ... cardiogenic pulmonary edema Crit Care Med 2004, 32:2407-2415 18 Takeda S, Nejima J, Takano T, Nakanishi K, Takayama M, Sakamoto A, Ogawa R: Effect of nasal continuous positive airway pressure on pulmonary ... S, Newby DE, Masson M, Sampson F, Nicholl J: Noninvasive ventilation in acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema N Engl J Med 2008, 359:142-151 Jessup M, Brozena S: Heart failure N Engl J Med 2003,...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 20:21

... and pulmonary edema We did not categorize the severity of edema Less-severe instances of pulmonary edema may have escaped detection, as extravascular lung water must increase by >30% for edema ... edema [19] This loss of fluid from the circulation reduces blood volume Fluid retention is the usual reaction of the body to a reduction in volume status, thereby leading to a more-positive fluid ... origin of the edema (by systolic or diastolic pump failure), or in patients with noncardiogenic edema (by increased pulmonary capillary permeability) Central venous pressure and pulmonary capillary...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 20:21

... for quantification of pulmonary edema Score (points) Edema severity scoring normal 10 mild pulmonary vascular congestion 20 moderate pulmonary vascular congestion 30 severe pulmonary vascular congestion ... interstitial edema without septal lines 45 interstitial edema with septal lines 50 mixed interstitial and alveolar edema with some sparing of pulmonary region 55 mixed interstitial and alveolar edema ... children using the transpulmonary thermodilution technique not correlate with a chest x-ray score of pulmonary edema Neither lung water index nor the chest x-ray score of pulmonary edema correlates...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 20:22

... with a chest X-ray score of pulmonary edema Crit Care 2010, 14:R105 Katzenelson R, Perel A, Berkenstadt H, Preisman S, Kogan S, Sternik L, Segal E: Accuracy of transpulmonary thermodilution versus ... http://ccforum.com/content/14/4/189 adenosine monophosphate-dependent airspace fluid clearance and decrease pulmonary edema in experimental acid-induced lung injury Crit Care Med 2004, 32:1470-1476 ... following cardiopulmonary resuscitation Patients who are postoperative from repair of congenital heart defects may be a particularly confounding group because of abnormalities in the pulmonary blood...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 21:21