... been the adoption in 1995 ofthe non-binding WashingtonDeclaration and the Global Plan of Action for theProtectionofthe Marine Environmentfrom Land- Based Activities, 29but this neither ... between themarineenvironment and theland environment. This is scarcely surprising, given that the greatest impact on the marineenvironment comes not from the use ofthe sea but from the use of ... Whether these two bodies of law conflict or co-exist is beyond the scope of this chapter, but the question is important to an understanding of the law relating to theprotectionofthemarine environment...
... On the one hand, the specific anti -marine pollution regime for the Southern Ocean region is bolsteredby international norms prohibiting pollution ofthemarine environment. On the other hand, the ... (ed.),Implementing the Environmental Protection Regime for the Antarctic.38For a summary ofthe work ofthe group of legal experts on liability and for an overview ofthe sevenmain pending ... andcommits them to comprehensive protectionofthe region’s environment. 8Thisduty of comprehensive protection explicitly embraces the obligation to prevent marine pollution from occurring in the...
... Overview ofthe biological effects of lost anddiscarded plastic debris in themarine environment. Marine Pollution Bulletin 18, 319–326.Laist, D.W., 1997. Impacts ofmarine debris: entanglement of marine life ... Department of Conserva-tion, Wellington, New Zealand, pp. 3–4.Gregory, M.R., 1991. The hazards of persistent marine pollution: driftplastics and conservation islands. Journal ofthe Royal Society of New ... that 62% ofthe totallitter in the harbour originated from recreation and land- based sources (Ross et al., 1991). In contrast, inbeaches away from urban areas (e.g. Alaska) most of the litter...
... rest ofthe system. Let us look more closely atsome ofthe gravest environmental dangers in the region and the extent to whichthey generate threats to themarine environment. Land- based activities 16A ... the 1972 Oslo Convention for the Prevention ofMarine Pollution byDumping from Ships and Aircraft, has now been replaced by the 1992 Convention for the Protection oftheMarineEnvironmentof ... moreaccurately the contributions ofthe Barents Region to theprotectionofthe Arctic marine environment. Normative contributionsIn the process leading up to the establishment of BEAR, the environ-mental...
... study on the question ofthe (il)legality of the employment of nuclear weapons fromthe point of view of inter-national environmentprotection law.By assessing the legality ofthe use of nuclear ... andextensive examination ofthe question ofthe (il)legality ofthe employment of nuclear weapons fromthe point of view of international environmental protection law. The book consists of two parts. Part ... been regarded as the cornerstones of mod-ern physics, namely the law ofthe conservation of mass and the law of the conservation of energy. In fact, these principles are two phases of one single...
... hypothesize that the proton-ated state ofthe chaperone initiates this cycle, whereas the deprotonated state occurs upon completion of the maturation process ofthe partner. The nature of the signal ... reduces the pep-tide binding affinity by 100-fold and the lifespan of the complex by 10-fold, as judged by koff. The physiologicalchaperone cycle probably consists ofthe rapid binding of the ... was the discovery of the pH-dependent modulation ofthe peptide bindingaffinity by changing the lifespan ofthe chaperone–peptide complex. Indeed, deprotonation of a yetunidentified residue of...
... sub-contract fromTheOf ce of Biomass Program, within the DOE Of ce of Energy Efficiency and RenewableEnergy. Tom Desmet holds a fellowship ofthe Insti-tute for the Promotion of Innovation ... presumably, contain the sites of O-glycosylation,but we have not identified the specific site(s) or the form ofthe O-glycans. The CD spectrum of Cel74A looks a lot like that of an unordered protein ... comparing the activity of Cel74A on 0.1 mmXXXG, determined as described above, in the presence andabsence of 2 mm inhibitor. The inhibitors were not hydro-lyzed in the time course of these experiments...
... transmembrane helix of subunit 8 and helices G and H1 of cytochrome b andbetween the N-terminus of subunit 8 and helix a of cytochrome b. The figure was constructed fromthe crystal structure ofthe yeast ... antibodies to the subunits ofthe yeast bc1complex indicated on the left side ofthe blots.1212 V. Zara et al. (Eur. J. Biochem. 271) Ó FEBS 2004Further insights into the assembly ofthe yeast ... relatively unaffected. Therefore, the absence of subunit 6 appeared to alter the rates of processing of two of the redox subunits and caused minor changes in amounts of the small supernumerary...
... c, with contributions fromthe formyl groupsand fromthe geranyl side chain expected from heme a anda3. In addition to the signals ofthe hemes, the reorgan-ization ofthe polypeptide backbone ... andon this basis the contributions ofthe reorganization of the polypeptide backbone, of individual amino acids and of the hemes c, a and a3upon electron transfer to /from the redoxactive centers ... particular problem ofthe assignment in the differencespectra is the superposition of signals from differentconstituents ofthe oxidase, which can lead to the possibility of multi component...
... On the one hand, fewer of these patients are willing to accept the prospect of edentu-lism. On the other hand, in the midst of shrinking healthcare budgets, there are increasing demands from ... they apply to the potential recipients of the preventive intervention [12]? The level of evidence indicates the validity of evalua-tive research and takes into account the design of the study, ... difficult todetermine the value and necessity of maintaining a givenintervention. All ofthe stages ofthe evidence -based approach are very important and taken together, theyoffer a rational way...
... software, to access the Internet in the first place. The first dimension is addressed in Chapter IV ofthe report, which outlines some ofthe ways in which States are restricting the flow of ... 2009-580, Act furthering the diffusion and protectionof creation on the Internet. 54 “732/2009, Decree ofthe Ministry of Transport and Communications on the minimum rate of a functional ... continuously review the impact of their services and technologies on the right to freedom of expression of their users, as well as on the potential pitfalls involved when they are misused. The Special...
... the presence of Arg213 along with the proximity ofthe chargerelay Asp260 within the active site could be responsible for the modification ofthe catalytic properties ofthe catalytichistidine. The strength ... efficient nucleophilic attack of the substrate ester bond by the serine alcoholate. The shape of the titration curve ofthe catalytic histidine shows anapparent pKa value ofthe essential histidine ... avor the displacement ofthe equilibriumtoward the neutral state of His290.To attest this hypothesis, an Arg213Ala mutant has beenexpressed and characterized. The specific activity of the Ala213...
... isdue to the interaction ofthe monomer with the artificial environment lacking the stabilizing protein/protein contactswithin the ring. The undecameric c ring ofthe ATP synthase from Ilyobacter ... structure in the cystoplasmicloop region was not apparent, and neither was there a breakin the a helix after the sodium ion-binding Glu65 residue. The folding of subunit c of P. modestum in the organicsolvent ... 5 min in the case of the undecameric c ring of P. modestum [41]. This stability of the ring makes structural flexibility rather unlikely, indicatingthat the structural polymorphism of monomeric...
... mgÆL)1 of culture. From these data, itwas concluded that the full-length form of GluV8could be recovered quantitatively by the suppression of self-degradation, either by the use ofthe GluSEprepropeptide ... starting from Leu1. Therefore, the requirement of Val at the N-terminus might be depen-dent on the conformation of each protease. It wouldbe interesting to test whether or not the substitution of the ... nonheatedsamples, the mature form of GluV8 could be renaturedeven after exposure to heat in the presence of SDS.Role of N-terminal Val69 in processing of the GluV8 proformFinally, the role of N-terminal...
... However, the subunit structure of Car. lactis GeDH was quitedifferent from that of other ADHs. As far as weknow, there is only one other example of a mono-meric ADH with activity, isolated fromthe ... More-over, the requirement for a cofactor (NADP+) of the Fig. 6. Phylogenetic tree based on aminoacid sequences of Car. lactis GeDH andother ADHs by minimum evolution criterion. The scale ofthe ... with the biosyn-thetic pathway of neral in Car. lactis (Fig. 1). A previ-ous study has also shown that the oxidation of geraniol is one ofthe key steps in the production of neral [12]. The...