process synthesis by hierarchical approach

... vanced General 269 279 289 301 313 Synthesis Index ht :// w w w c he m 4a ll 325 Preface publìshed Organic 1于ze Disconnection Approach 色y Stuart to the learning of synthesis has become while the ... (HIB) τypeset 978-0-470平 12368 (P!B) in 10/12 Times-Roman by Laserwords Private Li mited , Chennai , India Printed and bound in Great Britain by CPI Antony Rowe, Chippenham, Wiltshire &zt 的部 gLvr ... this publication 部ay be reproduced , stored in a retrieval system , or transmitted , in by any fom1 or by any means , electronic , mechanical , photocopying , recording or otherwise , exc巳pt...

Ngày tải lên: 13/07/2016, 19:43

... sample was sonicated, fixed on a cover-slip, and subjected to FISH FISH was carried out by the method detailed by Amann et al (1995) In FISH, the following oligonucleotide probes were used: PAOmix ... labeled with Cy3, and EUBmix with FITC at the 5’ ends, respectively MAR was conducted by the method described by Andreasen and Nielsen(1997) and Lee et al (1999) The cover slip was immersed in Hypercoat ... on the anaerobic uptake of radio-labeled acetate by Candidatus ‘Accumulibacter phosphatis’ and Candidatus ‘Competibacter phosphatis’ was examined by MAR-FISH, and the results are shown in Figs...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 09:38

... on the synthesis of insoluble glucan and glucosyl transfer activity by GS and GSGB (A) Dextran-dependent insoluble glucan synthesis The insoluble glucan synthesis reaction was initiated by adding ... values are corroborated by our previous report [14] Time course of dextran-independent glucan synthesis We examined the kinetics of insoluble glucan synthesis from sucrose by GS and GSGB in the ... glucansucrases One mechanism is proposed by Robyt et al from pulse ⁄ chase experiments using [14C]sucrose [15,16] This mechanism involves processive elongation by which the enzyme continuously transfers...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 22:20

... pyruvate using ferredoxin reduced by CO dehydrogenase [23]; Chlorobium tepidum POR has been shown to catalyze pyruvate synthesis mediated by ferredoxin reduced by the light-driven reactions of ... Pyruvate synthesis by pyruvate oxidoreductase T Ikeda et al Discussion In the present study, we demonstrate that H thermophilus POR catalyzes pyruvate synthesis from acetylCoA and CO2, by the coupled ... the reductive carboxylation by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy to clarify its catalytic mechanism Results In vitro assay for pyruvate synthesis by POR: the coupled assay with...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 09:20

... of protein synthesis by IFNa and TRAIL Results Effects of IFNa treatment on the sensitivity of cells to inhibition of protein synthesis by TRAIL We have previously shown that protein synthesis ... the inhibition of protein synthesis by TRAIL by 80% (Fig 2A) and, conversely, IFNa enhanced the sensitivity of protein synthesis to TRAIL in MCF-7 cells and HeLa cells by 2.5-fold and 10-fold, ... polypeptide chain initiation by TRAIL precedes apoptosis by several hours The requirement for caspase-8 activity in MCF-7 cells, as revealed by the inhibitor studies, is confirmed by the inability of caspase-8-deficient...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 06:20

... we show that formation of a Hfq–poly(A) complex which activates poly(A) synthesis by PAP I, inhibits poly(A) synthesis by PNPase, suggesting that the two enzymes interact differently with 3¢ ... exhibits a very low affinity This approach was valudated by previous results indicating that, in spite of its high preference for ATP, PAP I can also achieve CTP elongation by approximatively 500 nucleotides ... Interestingly, Fig 2B clearly shows that Hfq does not affect synthesis of poly(C) tails by PAP I Hfq (160 nm) does not inhibit poly(C) synthesis but at this Hfq concentration and at higher concentrations...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 16:20

... activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-c (IFNc), a condition known to induce NO synthesis [36], exhibit NO-dependent IRP2 degradation accompanied by an increase in ferritin synthesis ... immunoprecipitated (by using anti-ferritin IgG) and analyzed by SDS ⁄ PAGE followed by autoradiography iron which could be responsible for the SNP-mediated induction of ferritin synthesis To so, ... ferritin synthesis in both SNP and IFNc ⁄ LPS-treated macrophages In this report, we show that SNP enhances ferritin synthesis not only by the mechanism involving IRP2 degradation, but also by an...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20

... transcriptional activity was affected neither by Raf induction of PGI2 synthesis in the absence of PPARb activation the pharmacological inhibition of PGI2 synthesis nor by the simultaneous overexpression ... blocked by the PGIS inhibitor U51605 [27] (Fig 5B) U51605 also further reduced the low level of PGI2 synthesis in the absence of AA by about threefold (Fig 5B) Thus, the extent of PGI2 synthesis ... completely blocked by the Cox-1 ⁄ inhibitor acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and the Cox-2 inhibitor SC-58125 (Fig 1B), pointing to a key role for Cox-2 in the induction of prostanoid synthesis by Raf In contrast...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20

... agreement with the results presented by Wendrich et al [7] tRNA and ribosome-dependent synthesis by stringent factor the tRNA saturation curves might be affected by the amount of SF present in the ... ribosome-dependent synthesis by stringent factor purity of ribosomes was checked by denaturing gels containing m urea and the activity of ribosomes was tested in poly(Phe) synthesis assays according ... was contaminated by low molecular mass proteins (Fig 1, compare lanes 5– 7) SF was further purified by precipitation [3] Several low molecular mass contaminants were removed by this procedure...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 16:20

... Inhibition of ACTH release and steroid synthesis by dexamethasone produced a dose-dependent decrease in the abundance of the adrenal transcript The transcript was induced by in vivo stimulation of the ... protein expression was carried out for h by adding 0.1 mM isopropyl thio-b-D-galactoside (IPTG) After recovery by centrifugation, cells were resuspended and lysed by sonication (4 · 15 s) in NaCl/Pi, ... clarified by centrifugation at 12 000 g for 15 at °C The purification of recombinant CTE-I was performed by the GST Purification Module according to manufacturer’s instructions (Amersham Pharmacia), by...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 09:20

... INSEAD MBA Programme Application process – Step by step guide Download the application: Fill in the online request form to http://mba.insead.edu/admissions/apply_online.cfm ... regarding the recommendation links: INSEAD MBA Programme INSEAD MBA Programme Application process – Step by step guide • To generate the links, connect to the internet and click the button “generate ... “Submit Application” button on your INSEAD MBA Programme INSEAD MBA Programme Application process – Step by step guide application Application ID number: After submission of your application, your...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 03:20

... abolished ATP synthesis 10 10 100 1000 0.05 0.1 TFoF1/lipids (w/w) 10 s Fig ATP synthesis by TFo FeDc or TFo FWT reconstituted in lipo1 somes The ATP synthesis reaction was initiated by injection ... concentration resulting from synthesis by TFo FeDc At the time indicated by the arrow (time zero), the proteoliposome mixture was injected into the basic mixture ATP synthesis started at the maximum ... proteoliposomes was estimated by dynamic light scattering (HB-550; Horiba, Kyoto, Japan) to be 170 nm (Fig 2) ATP synthesis assay and data analysis ATP synthesis by TFoF1 was monitored with a...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 16:20

... cultures stimulated by 180 pm TGF-b1 [41,42] were included in all subsequent analyses Induction of collagen I by TGF-b1 and by ET-1 was perceptible by coomassie staining as well as by immunoblotting ... pepsin, TCA-precipitated and separated by 6% SDS ⁄ PAGE (A) PLCb inhibition by U73122 (10 lM) (B) PC-PLC inhibition by D609 (185 lM) (C) PLD inhibition by neomycin (500 lM) Two specific collagen ... twofold increase in the synthesis of collagen I compared to unstimulated controls (Fig 3A), in concordance with published data [11,13] By immunoblotting, collagen I was detected by two different antibodies...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 11:20

... treatments Genotypes Oh43 + Enzyme AK Control (SD) % inhibition by + % inhibition by + % inhibition by + HSDH Control (SD) % inhibition by + LOR (SD) SDH (SD) LOR/SDH ratio a mM L mM T mM LT mM T ... enzymological approaches Experimental procedures Maize mutants Seeds of the mutant genotypes opaque (o1 and o2) and floury (fl1 and fl2) and the respective wild type, Oh43 +, were kindly provided by the ... previously described by Landry et al [32] Quantitation of N constituents For an accurate quantitation, the nonprotein nitrogen (NPN) and protein content were determined by the ninhydrin assay...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 15:21

... viral RNA synthesis de novo in the absence of primers and viral or Ó FEBS 2003 De novo RNA synthesis by CSFV RdRp (Eur J Biochem 270) 4957 Fig De novo initiation of viral RNA synthesis by classical ... (protein-primed) to initiate RNA synthesis [33] Phage Qb initiated de novo RNA synthesis [34], whereas rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) initiated RNA synthesis by using a template-primed copy-back ... to alanine, was carried out by overlapping PCR The N terminal 1370 bp fragment was amplified by NS5BFor and NS5Bm2, and the C terminal 780 bp fragment was amplified by NS5Bm1 and NS5BRev Then,...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 20:20

... dominant by the performance on frequent codes in data Moreover, a hierarchical micro-averaged (hierarchical) F1 is also introduced by adding all ancestors of the current gold-standard code into cal (hierarchical) ... ICD-9-CM concepts returned by MetaMap software on the preprocessed text where negated terms were removed Conclusion and Future Work Compared to a flat classification approach, a hierarchical framework ... adopting a hierarchical TC approach in the task The effectiveness of the system is not sacrificed while the system now has the potential to scale up to much larger problems Similarly, the hierarchical...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 00:20

... This difference is quantified by the steady state process gain and is defined by the expression process gain ¼ change in temperature change in valve position ð2:1Þ Process gain is given the symbol ... generally have no dimensions This Process Control: A Practical Approach Myke King © 2011 John Wiley & Sons Ltd ISBN: 978-0-470-97587-9 Process Control TI Figure 2.1 Process diagram is because the ... (minutes) Integrating process 20 25 22 Process Control 70 60 % of range 50 40 30 20 MV 10 PV 0 10 15 time (minutes) 20 25 Figure 2.19 Effect of lag on an integrating process By replacing PV with...

Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2014, 11:09

... gravity at any temperature by applying Fig 1.2 Keep in mind that liquid gravities are always calculated by dividing the known density of the liquid at a certain temperature by water at 60°F or 62.4 ... any subject temperature of the liquid by the density of water referenced to 60°F With sp gr so defined, we can subsequently convert cP to cSt or cSt to cP by this simple equation Thus the conversion ... Liquid Petroleum Products (ASTM D-341 [6]) The values derived by Eqs (1.1) to (1.4) are found to be within a small percentage of error by the ASTM D-341 method It is good practice to always obtain...

Ngày tải lên: 02/04/2014, 16:24

... paradigm Credit-based Learning Approach Credit-based learning approach is not organized by academic year but organized by semester One academic year can be organized by two or three semesters As ... teaching-learning process of the two college groups (one implementing credit-based learning approach and the other not implementing the approach) ; develop a strategic plan for creditbased learning approach ... teaching-learning process in credit-based learning approach On the polarity, college group includes three (3) colleges not implementing the management of teaching-learning process in credit-based learning approach...

Ngày tải lên: 27/05/2014, 11:43

Ngày tải lên: 04/06/2014, 15:32