procedural sedation let s review the basics the pediatrician s perspective

... and the approach to assessing renal sodium excretion and the different volume states Disorders of Potassium Homeostasis is a key chapter because of the dire consequences of abnormal potassium ... NC, USA I DISORDERS OF WATER, SODIUM AND POTASSIUM HOMEOSTASIS Disorders of Water Homeostasis Leonard G Feld, Aaron Friedman, and Susan F Massengill Key Points To understand that disorders of sodium ... collaborators were selected as the handbook s editors It was a wise choice, for they have each distinguished themselves as exemplary clinicians, investigators, and, most importantly, as teachers in this...

Ngày tải lên: 13/03/2016, 13:24

... this patient? CASE STUDY 10 ROSE S LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS 19 CASE STUDY 10 Rose s loss of consciousness Learning outcomes On completion of the following case study, you will be able to: • understand ... which the disruption of homeostatic mechanisms results in patients presenting with specific signs and symptoms Case studies also enable students to understand how these signs and symptoms can facilitate ... CASE STUDY Disruptive John 3 11 12 14 15 Neurological disorders CASE STUDY Mrs Smith s tremor CASE STUDY 10 Rose s loss of consciousness CASE STUDY 11 Another day away from the office CASE STUDY...

Ngày tải lên: 17/01/2014, 06:20

... this patient? CASE STUDY 10 ROSE S LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS 19 CASE STUDY 10 Rose s loss of consciousness Learning outcomes On completion of the following case study, you will be able to: • understand ... which the disruption of homeostatic mechanisms results in patients presenting with specific signs and symptoms Case studies also enable students to understand how these signs and symptoms can facilitate ... CASE STUDY Disruptive John 3 11 12 14 15 Neurological disorders CASE STUDY Mrs Smith s tremor CASE STUDY 10 Rose s loss of consciousness CASE STUDY 11 Another day away from the office CASE STUDY...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 05:20

... thrombosis, stroke and atherosclerosis Unquestionably, platelet research has also impacted concepts dealing with many other diseases Nevertheless, considerable progress has been made in the development ... proposed as thrombin receptors but in only a few cases were the necessary further studies carried out to test these hypotheses Protease nexin was proposed as a thrombin receptor based on the similar ... platelet responses such as contraction and secretion, its role remains questionable in platelet shape change and other processes such as the development of stickiness, fibrinogen binding, the...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 05:20

... lipogenesis and SREBP-2 for cholesterol synthesis, although the precise molecular basis is still under investigation PUFAs also suppress SREBP-1c expression [33–37] They ameliorated insulin resistance ... in the liver and pancreatic b-cells [8,26] Suppression of IRS-2 by SREBP-1c in the liver inhibits processes regulating insulin signaling, such as glycogen synthesis, and contributes to the physiological ... regulator SREBP-1a is highly expressed in growing cells, and it activates the synthesis of a variety of lipids, such as fatty acids, triglycerides, and phospholipids, as well as cholesterol, presumably...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 13:20

... then causes these soft tissues to vibrate These vibrating tissues produce the harsh sounds characteristic of snoring Snoring causes daytime sleepiness and is sometimes associated with sleep apnea ... differences among three muscle tissue types, the structure of skeletal muscles, muscle actions, and the names of skeletal muscles Introduction The integumentary system consists of skin and its accessory ... gland Epithelial tissue covers the body and most organs Epithelial tissue lines tubes of the body such as blood vessels and the esophagus as well as hollow organs of the body such as the stomach...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 07:20

... tissues, which make up the human body The main tissues of the body, as ordinarily named, are the muscular tissue, the osseous tissue, the connective tissue, the nervous tissue, the adipose tissue, ... different tissues are made to serve different purposes The osseous tissue is the chief substance in the bony framework, or skeleton, while the muscular tissue produces the different movements of the ... tissues and of tissues to organs The cells form the tissues and the tissues form the organs This arrangement enables the special work of different kinds of cells to be combined in the work of the...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 13:20

... arms, legs, back and shoulders with large masses of firm muscular tissue The growth of these muscle masses changes the dimensions of the youth and he fills out in his girths as rapidly as, in the ... continuous and as a result, these glands secret continuously and become periodically distended as described above The motor impulses pass to the muscles within the walls of the vesicles, causing a strong ... internal secretions The external secretion of the testes is that which is poured out in a sexual emission, as described above; the internal secretion of the testes consists of substances formed by the...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 13:20

... astigmatism from internal astigmatism and manifests as ‘residual astigmatism’ The nature of this astigmatism is frequently against the rule and at times can cause eye strain (see above) The superior ... lines, the cross-section of the pencil is circular and is called the disc of least confusion (DLC) The region between these two focal lines is known as the conoid of Sturm or Sturm 's interval The ... refractive surface in the optical system Each surface adds some astigmatism, regular and irregular, and the total astigmatism of the system is the product of all components In some cases, the effect...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 00:20

... resistance The muscles are to the bones what the ropes are to the masts and spars The bones are the levers of the system; by the action of the muscles their relative positions are changed As the ... changed As the masts and spars of a vessel must be sufficiently firm to sustain the action of the ropes, so the bones must possess the same quality to sustain the action of the muscles in the human ... Describe the adipose tissue Where does this tissue principally exist? Give observation in regard to the adipose tissue 37 Describe the cartilaginous tissue What is its use? 23 38 The OSSEOUS...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 13:20

... is Done in the Blood-Vessels.~ While the blood is passing through the small blood-vessels in the various parts of the body, each part takes out just what it needs to build up its own tissues ... firmness and protection to the ends of the fingers and toes The nails of the fingers are also useful in picking up small objects and in many other ways ~13 Uses of the Skin.~ The skin is useful ... fingers and the toes The hair grows from the true skin The hair is made soft and glossy by oil from the oil glands of the skin The skin is a very useful organ It removes waste matters, it breathes,...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 02:20

... concentrations of E2 Also the severity of MS symptoms increases as serotonin levels decrease[116], symptoms worsen in phases of the menstrual cycle when there is low E2[117], and low levels of E2 result ... successfully treat these pathologies Consistent with this suggestion, ER agonists reduce the symptoms of autoimmune disorders [132,133] Breast cancer Carcinogenesis is conceptualized as consisting ... and its receptors Discussion The central nervous system Changes in estrogen are correlated with a variety of effects in the CNS, such as changes in pain transmission, headache, dizziness, nausea,...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 14:20

... microtubules [21] It seems to exist sufficient evidences that elementary fibrils in vascular plant cell walls are composed of 36 b-1,4-glucan chains, synthesised by the cellulose synthase proteins in the ... microfibril structures for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis The disintegration of cellulose fibres into their structural components (microfibrils) has also found industrial interest As mentioned ... suspensions dried on glass slides (A) MFC obtained by mechanical homogenisation Note the relatively large structures remaining after a homogenisation process The inset shows structures composed...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 03:20

... astigmatism from internal astigmatism and manifests as ‘residual astigmatism’ The nature of this astigmatism is frequently against the rule and at times can cause eye strain (see above) The superior ... lines, the cross-section of the pencil is circular and is called the disc of least confusion (DLC) The region between these two focal lines is known as the conoid of Sturm or Sturm 's interval The ... refractive surface in the optical system Each surface adds some astigmatism, regular and irregular, and the total astigmatism of the system is the product of all components In some cases, the effect...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 11:20

... (crush injuries), tan vân (rhabdomyolysis), hội chứng tan khối u (tumor lysis syndrome) tan huyết lòng mạch (intravascular hemolysis) Những nguyên nhân thông thường tăng kali-huyết gồm có suy ... inhibitors, bêta blockers, digitalis, potassium-sparing diuretics) - Tăng kali-huyết thường thứ phát phối hợp nhiều yếu tố, bao gồm giảm tiết thận (suy thận, thuốc, suy thượng thận), cung ứng potassium ... tăng kali-huyết theo thứ tự giảm dần : - suy thận - nguyên nhân thuốc : diurétiques épargnant le potassium (spironolactone hay amiloride), inhibiteurs de l’enzyme de conversion, cyclosporine, amphothéricine...

Ngày tải lên: 13/07/2014, 15:20

... (crush injuries), tan vân (rhabdomyolysis), hội chứng tan khối u (tumor lysis syndrome) tan huyết lòng mạch (intravascular hemolysis) Những nguyên nhân thông thường tăng kali-huyết gồm có:  Suy ... inhibitors, bêta blockers, digitalis, potassium-sparing diuretics)  Tăng kali-huyết thường thứ phát phối hợp nhiều yếu tố, bao gồm giảm tiết thận (suy thận, thuốc, suy thượng thận), cung ứng potassium ... potassium gia tăng (ví dụ phá hủy mô tan vân (rhabdomyolysis), tán huyết (hemolysis), xuất huyết dày-ruột, tiết potassium giảm (suy thận) hay di chuyển xuyên bào từ tế bào tế bào (ví dụ : insulin,...

Ngày tải lên: 26/07/2014, 17:21

... 1988) These results indicate that fungi differ in their abilities to grow under imposed water stress in pure culture We stress increasing stress; have synthesized mycorrhizal seedlings with some ... extracellular phosphatases Succession of different mycorrhizal types on seedlings and young trees was report- ed by Blasius et al These research results illustrate the intense interest in understanding ... biochemistry is affected by mycorrhizae as reported by Namysl et al., also at the University of Nancy Several papers discussed interactions in the rhizosphere, such as ElBadaqui et al. s report...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 04:20

... brainstem implants The basic design and function of the processors in these modern auditory prostheses are described and the physiologic basis for the function of these prostheses is discussed ... for the success of such prostheses Thus, optimal implementation of such prostheses requires understanding of basic auditory physiology The advent of these new aspects in treatment of disorders ... covers less common disorders such as bilirubinemia and cortical lesions and it discusses vestibular Schwannoma and their diagnosis Because of the complexity of many disorders of the auditory system...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:21

... hertz The results of recent studies have also cast doubt about the role of spectral analysis in the ear as the basis for discrimination of complex sounds such as speech sounds and instead emphasizing ... noise exposure but also on previous exposures [15, 86] are signs that the central nervous system is involved in the processes that injure hair cells from noise exposure There are signs that the ... is independent of the frequency of the sound The differences in the sound that reaches the two ears are processed and discriminated in the central nervous system (see p 143) The basis for discriminating...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:21