poverty and mobile telephony in latin america and the caribbean

... Policy in Latin America: An Introduction Stephan Klasen and Felicitas Nowak-Lehmann The causes and consequences of high inequality in incomes, assets, and many aspects of well-being in Latin America ... issue in Latin America, as well as the new emphasis on its development impacts First, inequality was and is extremely high in Latin America As shown in table I.1, Latin America continues to have the ... set in Palatino on 3B2 by Asco Typesetters, Hong Kong Printed and bound in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Poverty, inequality, and policy in Latin...

Ngày tải lên: 11/06/2014, 13:48

... sector salud en America Latina y el Caribe: desafõos y opportunidades   [Sexual and reproductive health in Latin America and the Caribbean: challenges and opportunities] Mexico, Inter American Development ... Growth in the size and influence of civil society in Brazil since the 1980s has facilitated the positive change Increasingly democratic processes have lengthened the policy decision-making process, ... assessment of existing capacity for these functions and to help in strengthening such capacity when necessary (7) Continue building on the important role of NGOs Changes in financing and decentralization...

Ngày tải lên: 13/02/2014, 16:20

... guarantees and interest subsidies The study focused on three assistance clusters in Northern Ireland (training, marketing and upgrading machinery and equipment), and two in the Republic of Ireland (marketing ... whether they were currently participating in the program; (iii) whether they had participated in it in the past and, if so, in what year; (iv) the monetary value of the incentive; and (v) how they ... through the coordinated use of a range of CORFO programs It combines training activities, innovation, infrastructure, technical assistance, and business and finance networking In 2001, the PTI financed...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 21:20

... prevention and preparedness are Multisector and Other; banking and financial services, and business and other services are Financing and Business; and government and civil society - general and conflict, ... to Countries in Latin America and the Caribbean (a) To Latin America (US$ billion) (b) To Central America and Caribbean (US$ million) CDB = Caribbean Development Bank, IDB = Inter-American Development ... flows in the wake of financial crises the debt crisis in the mid1980s, the United States rescue after the Mexican Tesobonos crisis in 1995, the Asian and dot.com crises, and the beginning of the...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 06:20

... “lean against the wind”: (i) raising RRs during the upswing phase of the cycle to contain excessive credit growth and the associated build up of vulnerabilities and (ii) lowering them during the downswing ... Literature on the Latin America Experience In general, there are only a handful of studies examining the recent experience effectiveness of RRs in the region.20 The analysis is hindered by the heterogeneity ... business loan interest rates and on strengthening the passthrough from policy to deposit and lending interest rates These findings, more generally support the use of RRs as a policy instrument in...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 04:21

... into a sort of laboratory testing the hypothesis Once the Berlin Wall fell down, the Cold War was over and the processes of democratization started in Latin America and some other countries in ... Freedom and Economic Development in Latin America 2008 Discrimination in the Media that seemed to aim at pointing out media coverage not appreciated by the executive power On the other hand, the ... committed towards the human race”2 A key author in order to understand the process of installing modern democracies and the feelings and opinions that those aroused in Europe and the Western world...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 05:20

Ngày tải lên: 09/03/2014, 12:20

... 2008; in the V Summit of the Americas in Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago in April of 2009; in the VI CONCASIDA Conference in San Jose, Costa Rica in October, 2009; and in the Latin American and ... communities, including children, adolescents, youth, teachers, and parents Review, update and reinforce the training of educational personnel, from teaching colleges to inservice training for existing ... in adolescents and young people by the year 2015 Recommend the inclusion in these agreements for discussion in the XVIII Ibero-American Summit of Heads of State in San Salvador, El Salvador in...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 21:20

... (such as mothers and children) They are administered by the The State of Social Protection in Latin America and the Caribbean Figure 1.6 21 The Share of the Formal and Informal Sectors in LAC Labor ... operate in parallel, duplicating service delivery infrastructure The absence of links between financing and productivity or quality and the The State of Social Protection in Latin America and the Caribbean ... Economist Latin America and the Caribbean Region The World Bank Acknowledgments This book highlights the main findings of a regional study by the World Bank, From Right to Reality: How Latin America and...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 16:21

... countries in the region, on the one hand, and the experience of integration into the global economy, on the other There are 13 chapters in this collection linked in varying ways to the series ... Perrotini­Hernández, Vázquez­Muñoz, and Avendaño­Vargas to the fall in investment rates (with the exception of Chile among the large Latin American economies) and the increase in the income elasticity of imports ... treaties and free trade agreements) and the flows of FDI in Chile, the third largest recipient of foreign investment in Latin America (after Brazil and Mexico) in absolute terms and the second in per...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 15:20

... countries in the region, on the one hand, and the experience of integration into the global economy, on the other There are 13 chapters in this collection linked in varying ways to the series ... Perrotini­Hernández, Vázquez­Muñoz, and Avendaño­Vargas to the fall in investment rates (with the exception of Chile among the large Latin American economies) and the increase in the income elasticity of imports ... treaties and free trade agreements) and the flows of FDI in Chile, the third largest recipient of foreign investment in Latin America (after Brazil and Mexico) in absolute terms and the second in per...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 17:20

... if directly linked to the increment in value of the land – Might be directly linked to the cost of providing the infrastructure (impact fee) – Require good development controls Land speculation, ... Distributional purposes – the right combination of low price elasticity and high income elasticity, promising income redistributor in developing world Advantages Exists – political, administrative ease ... fragmentation (service/infrastructure, public/private) 13 Public Transport Pricing and Financing Two Basic Needs “doing the right thing” – provide best range of services with the resources available...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 04:20

... capacity building; institutional improvement; strengthened role of local governments (Municipalities); improvement in regional planning instruments and processes; improvements in urban information ... Ring Road and the Pan American Highway Two Segregated Busways – km segment and ~10 km stretch Differentiated and (in city center) segregated bus stops Metro Lines: 40 kms, 51 stations, 68 trains, ... expansion, frequency increase 1978-1985: Bus and Minibus fleet grew 50% and 75% (respectively) – Negatives: Decline in occupancy rates (50%), cartel control of fares and entry (self-regulating “mafia”),...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 04:20

... Katz Broadband demand and economic impact in Latin America AN ESTIMATION OF THE BROADBAND DEMAND How much additional broadband capacity is needed in Latin America to close the broadband gap that ... impact in Latin America Based on the estimates of the Argentine model, we have estimated the impact on job creation if the Latin American nations were to increase the installation of broadband lines ... broadband gap in Latin America is alarming If we consider the development of Latin American economies, the region now has a shortfall of 11 million lines (thereby resulting in the need to increase...

Ngày tải lên: 21/08/2014, 15:25

... efficiency (inputs and outpurs) in Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005-8 38 Table Indicators of health care expenditures in Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005 44 Table Financial indicators ... are ranked by the average of the arithmetic rankings in all the Latin America indicators; Cuba and Haiti have been added within Latin America; Argentina, Costa Rica and Cuba are in a virtual rie; ... Perkins and Emily Morrell for arrangements_ and Valerie Hall for the editing work The author hopes that this book will help Latin America and the Caribbean, as well as other emerging and developing...

Ngày tải lên: 03/11/2014, 13:33

... combined to form a composite index, often referred to as the wealth index and the PCA is the most frequently used method in deriving the wealth index The utility of wealth index in explaining ... wealth index using the PCA The cut off point of poor in is 26% in urban areas and 28% in rural areas This cut-off point is equivalent to the poverty estimates of the Planning Commission, Govt of India, ... multidimensional poverty and examines the linkages of poverty level with child health in India Multidimensional poverty is measured in the domain of education, health and living standard and child health...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 10:20

... art HRH metrics in Latin America and the Caribbean, identifying metrics on specific HRH issues, promoting comparative studies and formulating new goals in the creation of feasible and concrete metrics ... SciELO, EBSCO, the WHO search engine, and the Virtual Health Library were searched In order to narrow the information we used the following keywords in Spanish (and the corresponding words in Portuguese): ... completed) The preliminary findings of the literature search were collectively discussed during two in- person meetings by the members of the network, this activity being described further in the third...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 17:20

... health in Latin America and the Caribbean The average number of children per woman is between 2.93 and 3.03 in the Caribbean and 3.13 in Latin America In the Caribbean, 53% of women who live with their ... of the World: Laws and Policies Affecting Their Reproductive Lives, Latin America and the Caribbean This report is unique in many ways It is the first publication on Latin America and the Caribbean ... from 18.4 to 23 in the Latin America and the Caribbean region In the Caribbean, suicide is the principal cause of death among adolescent girls The following statistics indicate the status of women’s...

Ngày tải lên: 07/12/2015, 02:29

Ngày tải lên: 11/12/2013, 14:15

... undertaken in understating the mechanics of MaPPs, including quantifying their impact on credit, the output gap, and thus NRIR, and investigating whether their effect is temporary or permanent The NRIR ... of the policy rate by hindering the proper functioning of the transmission channel of monetary policy (see Medina Cas and others, 2011a,b) Indeed, muted inflationary pressures and tightening financial ... Garcia-Escibano, and M Vera Martin, 2012, “Credit Growth and the Effectiveness of Reserve Requirements and Other Macroprudential Instruments in Latin America, ” Working Paper No 12/142 (Washington: International...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 14:20