pointers and dynamic memory allocation

... Chapter Pointers and Dynamic Arrays Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley Overview 9.1 Pointers 9.2 Dynamic Arrays Copyright © 2007 ... Dynamic Variables  Variables created using the new operator are called dynamic variables  Dynamic variables are created and destroyed while the program is running  Additional examples of pointers ... Pearson Addison-Wesley Slide 9- 16 Basic Memory Management   An area of memory called the freestore is reserved for dynamic variables  New dynamic variables use memory in the freestore  If all of...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2012, 22:51

... Dynamic memory allocation • Memory allocated during runtime • Request to map memory using mmap() function (in ) • Virtual memory can be returned to OS using munmap() • Virtual memory ... fewer, larger allocations • Minimize fragmentation – reuse memory allocations as much as possible • Growing memory – using realloc() can reduce fragmentation • Repeated allocation and freeing of ... Garbage collection and memory allocation • Program relies on garbage collector to free memory • Garbage collector calls free() • malloc() may call garbage collector if memory allocation above a...

Ngày tải lên: 25/04/2013, 08:07

... Learning Objectives ♦ Pointers ♦ Pointer variables ♦ Memory management ♦ Dynamic Arrays ♦ Creating and using ♦ Pointer arithmetic ♦ Classes, Pointers, Dynamic Arrays ♦ The this pointer ... Operator ♦ De-allocate dynamic memory ♦ When no longer needed ♦ Returns memory to freestore ♦ Example: int *p; p = new int(5); … //Some processing… delete p; ♦ De-allocates dynamic memory "pointed to ... "Wastes" memory ♦ Dynamic arrays ♦ Can grow and shrink as needed Copyright © 2006 Pearson AddisonWesley All rights reserved 10-36 Creating Dynamic Arrays ♦ Very simple! ♦ Use new operator ♦ Dynamically...

Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2014, 22:21

... complexity 4.1.1 Offline and online dynamic data allocation algorithms We begin with a discussion of the concept of an offline dynamic data allocation algorithm and an online dynamic data allocation algorithm ... design and analyze a dynamic data allocation algorithm that adapts to the changes in the request patterns This dynamic algorithm uses a windowing mechanism, and hence, we refer to this scheme as dynamic ... superiority of static allocation and dynamic allocation respectively Another research area that is relevant to my study in this thesis is caching management in various contexts, e.g internet and the World...

Ngày tải lên: 04/10/2015, 10:24

... cases, superposition files and influence lines 3.64 Version 8.38.03 • • • • Use of combination codes “SupOrX” and “SupAndX” for superposition files corrected New command “PLSCFAC” in plot file ... Önorm Standard 4700, British Standard 5400 and Honk Kong Standard 5400 3.81 Version 8.34.02 • Minor changes 3.82 Version 8.34.01 • • • • • • Tendon results (primary and secondary forces) can be ... • • • • Width and height of composite section for wind load corrected Extended printout for shear check (AAHSTO) Minor changes and error corrections in import/export with non-standard units LIST:GEN...

Ngày tải lên: 06/09/2012, 15:18

... Disclaimer and Copyright Disclaimer Much time and effort have gone into the development and documentation of RM2000 and GP2000 The programs have been thoroughly tested and used The user accepts and ... Supposition: Main Girder Axis and segment, Cross Section for the girder plus the cross section for the piers plus the Segment numbering and assignment and Part numbering and assignment for the main ... –10 and top is at height in steps of metres Select the ‘Edit’ icon and assign the pier cross section to the segment points Choose ‘Parts’ and then the ‘Edit’ icon Enter the material type, and...

Ngày tải lên: 06/09/2012, 15:55

... Disclaimer and Copyright Disclaimer Much time and effort have gone into the development and documentation iof RM2000 and GP2000 The programs have been thoroughly tested and used The user accepts and ... has and is defined as the angle between the two planes defined by the local x and y axes on the one hand (1st (main) principal inertia plane) and the local x and global YG-axis on the other hand ... commands, i.e loops, conditions, etc can be used in scripts Two different command groups for interfacing RM with the script are provided: • Input commands • Result analysis commands Input commands:...

Ngày tải lên: 06/09/2012, 15:55

... the grids and spacing in the X, Y and Z direction Set the number of grid spaces to 10 for the X direction, and to for the Y and Z directions Type ft into the X direction spacing edit box and press ... loads only, and the deck will be loaded with a Dead Load = 10 pounds per square foot (psf) and a Live Load = 100 psf The Interface The top menu line contains all of the commands and options available ... Assign, Analyze, Display and Design These listed menus contain the commands that will be needed most often when using SAP2000, and many of the most frequently used commands are accessible as a...

Ngày tải lên: 06/09/2012, 15:56

... Chapter 13 Pointers and Linked Lists Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley Overview 13.1 Nodes and Linked Lists 13.2 Stacks and Queues Copyright ... 13- 13.1 Nodes and Linked Lists Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley Nodes and Linked Lists     A linked list is a list that can grow and shrink while ... and a pointer that can point to another node of the same type   The pointers point to the entire node, not an individual item that might be in the node The arrows in the drawing represent pointers...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2012, 22:54

Ngày tải lên: 17/09/2012, 09:13

... Relationship Between Pointers and Arrays • Arrays and pointers closely related – Array name like constant pointer – Pointers can array subscripting operations • Accessing array elements with pointers – ... Expressions and Pointer Arithmetic • Pointer comparison – Use equality and relational operators – Comparisons meaningless unless pointers point to members of same array – Compare addresses stored in pointers ... object  2003 Prentice Hall, Inc All rights reserved 13 Using const with Pointers • const pointers – Always point to same memory location – Default for array name – Must be initialized when declared...

Ngày tải lên: 25/04/2013, 19:11

... Press, 2005 [10] Andresen B The need for entropy in finite-time thermodynamics and elsewhere Meeting the Entropy Challenge: An International Thermodynamics Symposium in Honor and Memory of Professor ... corresponds to integrands in Eqs (26) and (27), and f (T1 , T ' , t ) corresponds to the right term of Eq (25) Then HJB control equations corresponding to objectives of Eqs (26) and (27) are, respectively, ... , βθ i = 0.15 , and βθ i = 0.30 Figures 10 and 11 show the optimal fluid temperature T1 and optimal Carnot temperature T ' versus the dimensionless time β t , respectively, and Figure 12 shows...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 15:28

... program a week ago, and now it's using 13 terabytes of RAM Why is that?” Be sure to avoid memory leaks! free() that memory when you're done with it! 11.2 free() Speaking of how to free memory that you've ... that it 1) clears the memory to zero for you, and 2) it takes two parameters instead of one The two parameters are the number of elements that are to be in the memory block, and the size of each ... time to clear memory, and in most cases, you don't need it clear since you'll just be writing over it anyway But if you ever find yourself malloc()ing a block and then setting the memory to zero...

Ngày tải lên: 29/09/2013, 16:20

... getfloat return as its function value? 5.3 Pointers and Arrays In C, there is a strong relationship between pointers and arrays, strong enough that pointers and arrays should be discussed simultaneously ... chapters and exercises with pointers instead of array indexing Good possibilities include getline (Chapters and 4), atoi, itoa, and their variants (Chapters 2, 3, and 4), reverse (Chapter 3), and ... step for a moment, and concentrate on the data structure and the input and output The input routine has to collect and save the characters of each line, and build an array of pointers to the lines...

Ngày tải lên: 30/09/2013, 06:20

... left and right padding and left and right border widths to the element width, and you must add the top and bottom padding and top and bottom border widths to the element's height Since width and ... left and top attributes to "10px" Figure 18-1 helps to clarify this Figure 18-1 Dynamically positioned container and child elements with some CSS attributes Now that you understand that width and ... and height attributes incorrectly and include an element's border and padding (but not its margins) For example, if you set the width of an element to 100 pixels and place a 10-pixel margin and...

Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2013, 12:20

... and are defined in terms of three numbers: modulus of elasticity E , Poisson’s ratio 1-2 STATIC AND DYNAMIC ANALYSIS ν and coefficient of thermal expansion α In addition, the unit weight w and ... theoretical research papers to understand the theory presented in this book The author has developed and published many computational techniques for the static and dynamic analysis of structures It ... Three Dimensional Dynamic Analysis of Structures is included and updated in this book I am looking forward to additional comments and questions from the readers in order to expand the material...

Ngày tải lên: 12/01/2014, 21:45

... DeMarzo and Fishman (2003a) Other recent work that develops optimal dynamic agency models of the firm includes Albuquerque and Hopenhayn (2001), Clementi and Hopenhayn (2002), DeMarzo and Fishman ... continuous-time capital structure models developed by Leland and Toft (1996), Leland (1998), and others These papers take the form of the securities as given and derive the effect of capital structure on ... Govindaraj, and Loewenstein (2001), Cadenillas, Cvitannic, and Zapatero (2003), Sannikov (2003), and Williams (2004) for further generalization and analysis of the HM setting Spear and Wang (2003)...

Ngày tải lên: 12/01/2014, 22:16

... đại, người ta xác định lượng cân tốc độ thấp Lượng cân tính theo đơn vị g.mm Dựa vào ISO 1940 standard để xác định lượng cân lại cho phép cho tốc độ làm việc Rotor cứng -Khi sử dụng máy cân dẫn...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 13:20

... Relationship Between Pointers and Arrays • Arrays and pointers closely related – Array name like constant pointer – Pointers can array subscripting operations • Accessing array elements with pointers – ... Expressions and Pointer Arithmetic • Pointer comparison – Use equality and relational operators – Comparisons meaningless unless pointers point to members of same array – Compare addresses stored in pointers ... object  2003 Prentice Hall, Inc All rights reserved 13 Using const with Pointers • const pointers – Always point to same memory location – Default for array name – Must be initialized when declared...

Ngày tải lên: 22/01/2014, 02:20

... attacks Fig Dynamic characteristics of the Internet; , Ko and DIKo are defined as the average diameter, K, and DIK of the original networks and df , Kf and DIKf denote the diameter, K, and DIK after ... node death Fig 10 Dynamic characteristics of the Internet—average degree, creation of nodes and links, and death of nodes and links; (a): mn and me denotes the number of nodes and links added since ... increases (b) and (d): The S and K metrics not agree with the previous observations using d The Internet is most vulnerable under both attacks and faults using these metrics Even though S and K behave...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 01:20