plasma lipoproteins in brain inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases

... discovery of a brain- specific MT isoform, GIF, in 1991, sparked considerable interest in understanding the role of all MTs in the brain, and particularly within the injured or diseased brain In the case ... protein 43, following cortical cryolesion [21] Hence, evidence gathered to date regarding GIF synthesis in response to traumatic brain injury indicates that GIF may be involved in the neuroinhibitory ... and neurons, and may also promote excessive neurite sprouting Metal-binding properties of GIF and role in synaptic activity MTs are generally considered to have an important role in maintaining...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 15:20

... from both brain and intestine in L maderae [14,15] The finding that N-terminally extended TKRPs are predominantly expressed only in the gut and not in the brain are in line with findings of enrichment ... efficacy in processing of two N-terminally extended TKRPs in the brain and intestine, respectively This could result in the gut-specific accumulation of such peptides, whereas in the brain cleavage ... receptors and invertebrate tachykinins: a review Zool Sci 20, 533–549 Pennefather, JN, Lecci A, Candenas ML, Patak E, Pinto FM & Maggi CA (2004) Tachykinins and tachykinin receptors: a growing family...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 01:20

... cell proliferation and cytokine production, reining in Th1 and/ or Th2 immunity Without adequate intercession by Treg, Th1- or Th2-dominated responses may become pathogenic and/ or function of ... with minimal pathology In human infectious, neoplastic, and autoimmune diseases, Treg activities often mirror those in murine systems Numbers of Treg are reportedly reduced in human autoimmune diseases ... associated with the latent TGF-β1-binding protein, forming a large latent complex thought to serve as a tether for binding proteins and matrix molecules [31] In this configuration, TGF-β is not...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 06:22

... tasks like walking and talking difficult Brain tumors can press on normal brain tissues, nerves and blood vessels, thus affecting brain function Other neurodegenerative diseases resulting from the loss ... describes brain anatomy and introduces some background information related to brain imaging and imaging analysis that shall be used in the rest of the thesis We also present a review of related work in ... instance, in ammation in the brain can result in impairments such as weakness and paralysis, while strokes, stemming from a reduction of brain blood supply, can make everyday tasks like walking...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 18:53

... component in pulmonary inflammation/infection and may represent a promising marker and therapeutic target in respiratory diseases The expression, regulation and clinical significance of sCD14 and mCD14 ... treatment resulted in increased mCD14 expression on monocytes [21] and alveolar macrophages [34] Our findings indicate that 40 h incubation with LPS and CpG induced sCD14 secretion and increased mCD14 ... of incubation was protease-independent since PMSF did not inhibit CpG-induced sCD14 release by PBMCs After 40 hours of incubation, LPS and CpGs cooperated in the induction of sCD14 levels and...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 11:21

... Cytokines, prostaglandin (PG) E2 and leukotriene (LT) B4 were measured in plasma and cytokines and PGE2 in whole blood culture supernatants Cytokines and eicosanoids were measured using enzyme-linked ... that occur to control inflammatory cytokine release A strong inflammatory stimulus in vivo will lead to inflammatory cytokine production with an elevation in plasma cytokine concentrations However, ... and cytokines [see [11]] and is the precursor of inflammation resolving resolvin E1 [49] Thus EPA may exert effects on both the generation of inflammatory mediators and on the resolution of inflammatory...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 20:21

... (growth arrest specific protein 6) and its soluble tyrosine kinase receptor sAxl in sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndromes Crit Care 2010, 14:R158 Linger RM, Keating AK, Earp HS, Graham ... receptor tyrosine kinases: biologic functions, signaling, and potential therapeutic targeting in human cancer Adv Cancer Res 2008, 100:35-83 Fernandez-Fernandez L, Bellido-Martin L, Garcia de ... for the innate immunity [12] GAS6 itself shows anti -in ammatory properties in certain cells, reducing cytokine synthesis [13], but could also orchestrate the course of in ammation by favoring platelet...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 21:21

... and Bock, 2002) Cholesterol in the brain may play an important role in synaptic development and plasticity, brain growth, neuron repair and remodeling, and even maintaining the normal function of ... orthologs and is referred to as the NPC1 domain Within NPC1 there is a large, cysteine-rich luminal loop (amino acids 855–1098), which contains a ring-finger motif that may mediate protein– protein interactions ... reductase, SREBP cleavage-activating activating protein (SCAP), and Patched (Davies and Ioannou , 2000) The amino terminus contains a region with a leucine zipper motif (amino acids 55–165) that is...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 14:06

... Int J Med Sci 2009, 119 this case the patient had a panuveitis, which recovered only after a combination of medical treatment and surgery, with a final visual acuity of 40% in the affected ... Lyme disease affected a 31 year-old farmer and his ocular manifestations are described in the specific section Figure 1: Geographical location of the province of Parma (Italy) References Mora P, ... Mora P, Vecchi M, Barbera L, Toscani M, Orsoni JG Use of systemic cyclosporin A in a case of severe Toxocara uveitis J Infect 2006; 52:159-161 http://www.medsci.org ...

Ngày tải lên: 03/11/2012, 11:11

... hyperphosphorylated in the DS brain Gene dosage-related increases in DYRK1A levels in DS appear to be the major factor distinguishing the pattern and consequences of tau protein hyperphosphorylation in DS and in ... total proteins) In all examined subregions of brains of DS subjects, the level of Role of DYRK1A in neurodegenerative diseases DYRK1A is higher than in control brains, but with an increase that ... protein at the sites that are phosphorylated in AD In NFTs, tau protein is phosphorylated by several protein kinases, including GSK-3b, cyclin-dependent kinase5 (CDK5), c-Jun N-terminal kinase,...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 16:21

... Three groups, including ours, have independently used FRAP in the context of mutant huntingtin exon 1, ataxin-1 and ataxin-3 proteins Some polyglutamine-expanded proteins in puncta can exchange ... chorea seen in HD, as well as some brain mass loss and total body weight loss Brain slice imaging from these mice revealed the abundance of ubiquitinrich inclusions of huntingtin fragments in many ... polyglutamine folding in vivo [46] With small huntingtin fragments, many groups, including ours, have independently reported the importance of flanking sequences next to the polyglutamine tract in huntingtin...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 07:20

... including irregular tremor, head bobbing, head tilting and circling The levels of the endogenous (wild-type) huntingtin protein and the transgene product were examined by western blotting using ... affected brain regions were identified by immunohistochemistry using anti-ubiquitin and anti-huntingtin sera (Fig 1) In the control mice, neither huntingtin nor ubiquitin immunoreactive nuclear inclusions ... stretches of polyglutamine in the N-terminal region of huntingtin protein [4] Various disease mechanisms have been suggested, including transcriptional dysregulation, protein misfolding and degradation,...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 10:20

... homology (SH2) and phosphotyrosine binding (PTB) domains recognizing phosphorylated tyrosines, SH3 domains recognizing proline-rich regions, pleckstrin homology (PH) domains recognizing membrane ... ongoing studies investigating sunitinib in patients with NSCLC, including the phase II CALGB 30704 trial evaluating sunitinib as second-line therapy and the phase III CALGB 30607 study of sunitinib ... 1.01) Vascular disrupting agents Vadimezan, fosbretabulin and plinabulin are vascular disrupting agents (VDA); fosbretabu‐ lin selectively disrupts VE-cadherin and plinabulin acts on cytoskeleton...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 14:20

... data reported in the present study, and obtained in living cells, confirm the finding obtained in reconstituted proteoliposomes [11,12] and isolated membranes [29,30] indicating that Pgp and a bacterial ... obtained by sequential exposure of cells to increasing concentrations of doxorubicin and was maintained in the presence of 0.5 lm doxorubicin 2008 parental cells and their MRP1 over-expressing ... the plasma membrane is unstirred and dense with proteins Moreover, TMRM and anticancer drugs, such as anthracyclines, are positively charged and therefore bind to acidic groups in proteins and...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 08:20

... 0.72 We performed 72 single-pollutant models for respiratory diseases in three age strata, 48 models for cardiac diseases, and another 48 models for gastrointestinal diseases in two age strata separately ... Gastrointestinal 15-64 10 13 16 11 65+ 10 The distributions of age-specific emergency room visits for respiratory, cardiac and gastrointestinal diseases between January 1997 and December 1998 in ... 1998 in Taipei City are shown in Table Mean daily ER visits were 15-29 for respiratory diseases, 10-18 for cardiac diseases, and 6-11 for gastrointestinal diseases during Air Pollution on Emergency...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 18:20

... bacteria in only 1-3 minutes Conclusion Plasma inactivation using N2-O2 gas mixture and SF6 gas proved promising for the inactivation of the bacterial isolates in the present study Our findings could ... P mirabilis isolates were eliminated within 0.5 minute after SF6 exposure and 100% of all the E coli O157 and Enterobacter isolates were eliminated within one minute after SF6 exposure However, ... RF remote plasma in bacterial inactivation Materials and Methods Plasma System The experimental set-up of the HCD-L 300 system was described in detail in our previous works.3,9 Tables and summarize...

Ngày tải lên: 18/05/2014, 20:36

... biomarkers found in heart failure include BNP, NT pro-BNP, C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor a, interleukins and 6, TNF-a, matrix metalloproteinases, neuroepinephrine, renin, galectin-3 [16-18], ... results is the increase of IL-9 and decrease of IL-5, IL-7, and IFN-g plasma levels, in both ICM and NIDCM CHF patients vs controls and the inverse correlation of IL-5 and IL-9 plasma levels with ... linked to each other in terms of expression and/ or function (black thick lines), and to a number of molecules, namely Norepinephrine, Endothelin-1, IL-1A, Galectin-3, TNFa, IL-6 and IL-18 [13], which...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation 2009, 6:4 application of a non-specific NBS intervention in stroke is unlikely to be successful Other acute disorders include traumatic brain and spinal cord injury and inflammatory ... abnormalities manifest in cortical structures, including changes in cortical inhibition and shifts in the cortical representation of hand muscles which can occur in both early and late stages of ... remain unproven [23] and it is likely that NBS will need to be administered in combination with other therapies for more lasting effects; however the relative timing and the nature of the intervention...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... amyloidosis and brain inflammation when combined with indomethacin In summary, our findings support the hypothesis that oxidative stress and inflammation represent important but distinct therapeutic ... only a marginal effect on brain oxidative stress in the Tg2576 mice [16] This finding suggests that lipid peroxidation products contribute minimally to brain inflammation in this model, and raise ... inflammation and Aβ levels in addition to the deposition of Aβ in brain [13,14] Despite this evidence, and the considerable theoretical and therapeutic interest, the relationship between brain inflammation...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... implicated cerebral microvascular Aβ deposition in promoting neuroinflammation and dementia in AD [8-11] In addition to the prominent CAA that is found in AD and in spontaneous cases of this condition, ... steroidal anti -inflammatory dugs in treating the pathological consequences of CAA remains unknown To investigate how steroidal anti -inflammatory agents may suppress CAA-related inflammation and vessel ... in the absence and presence of anti -inflammatory drugs were electrophoresed on SDS 8% polyacrylamide gels containing 0.1% gelatin at 100 V for hr at 22°C The gels were removed and incubated in...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20