physiology of the skeletal muscle contraction system and the neuromuscular junction

... the moment of the contraction Under these circumstances the effects of the changes of the acceleration of the load on the contraction can be traced Effect of the acceleration of the load on the ... acceleration of the load slows down the pre-steady state of the contraction Methods The evaluation of the effect of load acceleration on the pre-steady state of muscle fibre contraction was made on the ... power output and the experimental speed of contraction The result is that by decreasing the acceleration of the load the value of the constant, 1/k (s-1), decreases and the time length of the pre-steady...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:20

... involves the ubiquitin proteasome pathway (UPP) and the autophagy (lyso­ somal), caspase, cathepsin and the calcium-dependent calpain pathways The individual prominence of each of these pathways in muscle ... patients, including study of the UPP and autophagy systems, we sought to carry out both targeted and global molecular profiling in the skeletal muscle of cancer patients and relate our findings ... subjects Due to the small number of controls (otherwise con­ idered s as non-cancer patients but with other co-morbidities) and the lack of detailed knowledge of their physical capacity, the primary...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 12:20

... result is shown (top) The bottom panel shows the results of real-time PCR analysis of the mRNA expression of PRiMA I and AChET (C) Samples of extracts from the lower leg muscles of rat (birth to adult ... from the peak area, relative to the area of the entire sedimentation profile, and its activity was given by the product of this proportion with the total AChE activity The amount of G4 AChE in muscle ... NMJs, we analyzed the effect of denervation on the localization of PRiMA The NMJs of the denervated tibialis and sham-operated muscle were stained for PRiMA, together with the postsynaptic marker...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 08:20

... < 0 In the next statement, we use the relationship between the first phase ψ and the second phase of the basis x , y of symplectic system S and the fact that the behavior of the u v first and second ... phases of system S plays the crucial role in counting generalized zeros of solutions of symplectic system S and of its reciprocal system Sr Theorem 3.4 If system S with the sequences bk / and ck ... introduce the definition of the first phase of any basis of the system S , and we establish a formula for the forward difference of this phase We apply this formula to study the relationship between S and...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 07:20

... functions of the external muscle layers are mixing, storage and propulsion of the colon contents Mixing of the chyme within the colon occurs through segmenting contractions of the circular smooth muscle ... responsible for the majority of motility in the colon The muscularis mucosae is located at the border between the mucosal and submucosal layers, and promotes movement of the epithelial mucosa The main ... direct the expression of the two isoforms of the 220-kDa MLCK that differ from each other only in the sequence encoded by exon 1* of the 220-kDa MLCK E1* The protein produced from usage of exon...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2014, 12:32

... in the classification of the genetic species of Aeromonas and the evaluation of potential virulence properties I.4 Genomic islands and pathogenicity islands Genomic islands (GIs) are part of ... persistently and to evade the host’s immune response, thus contributing to the disease process There are significant differences between the role of the S-layer of A salmonicida (vapA) and that of A ... Buchrieser et al., 1998) The majorities of the clusters located within GIs are useful for the survival and transmission of the microbes and provide a selective advantage to the island-carrying organisms...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2015, 09:42

... for further reduce the power consumption of wearable ECG system in the future Chapter concludes the work The Wireless ECG plaster of this work was accepted by the Biomedical Circuits and Systems ... The asynchronous core of the proposed design is synthesized in the Balsa framework using the dual-rail four-phase approach Furthermore, the core’s structure adopts No pipeline structure together ... Holter systems are often bulky with many wires stuck on patient’s chest The operational life of the Holter is usually limited within 24 hours, and ECG data are analyzed offline for diagnosis of the...

Ngày tải lên: 02/10/2015, 17:14

... for further reduce the power consumption of wearable ECG system in the future Chapter concludes the work The Wireless ECG plaster of this work was accepted by the Biomedical Circuits and Systems ... The asynchronous core of the proposed design is synthesized in the Balsa framework using the dual-rail four-phase approach Furthermore, the core’s structure adopts No pipeline structure together ... Holter systems are often bulky with many wires stuck on patient’s chest The operational life of the Holter is usually limited within 24 hours, and ECG data are analyzed offline for diagnosis of the...

Ngày tải lên: 04/10/2015, 15:45

... technique together with the gastric fundus and cardia using the retroperitoneal fat and parts of the left column of the diaphragm for covering the residual mass and as resection margin The postoperative ... mobilisation of the greater and lesser curvature and opening of the lesser sac, the tumor could be mobilized easily from the pancreas as well as from the splenic hilus Through mobilisation of the distal ... regression of tumor possible now with preservation of the distal stomach and the spleen Operation Intraoperatively the tumor was found to be located dorsal of the GEJ The diaphragm was incised and after...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 07:21

... has the advantage of providing a full specimen for histological examination and for the diagnosis of the extent and infiltration depth of the lesion The outcome of endoscopic therapy can therefore ... gastroesophageal junction (B) The middle esophagus The iatrogenic ulcers in the esophagus and EGJ resulting from the EVL were treated with the administration of a proton pump inhibitor and sodium alginate The ... examination and the diagnosis of the extent and infiltration depth of the lesion cannot be evaluated Conclusion We believe that because of its technical simplicity and safety, endoscopic therapy...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 12:20

... and 71 Considering the location of the N-terminal extremity of DNter2 on the structure of CARP and the presence of the potential cleavage sites, we identified the localization of the cleavage site ... together with respect to their common minimal structure and their potential role in the control of transcription [17,19–21] Although the three MARPs are expressed in both heart and skeletal muscle ... identified as a partner of skeletal muscle titin-N2A [18] An analysis of CARP expression in the subcellular compartments Regulation of CARP by calpain obtained from the muscle of the mice injected...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 21:20

... understanding of the anatomy and function of the ear and the auditory nervous system, and it discusses the cause and treatment of hearing disorders Most books on hearing focus either on the anatomy ... comprehensive coverage of disorders of the auditory system emphasizing the interaction between pathologies of the middle ear and the cochlea and the function of the nervous system and vice versa Hyperactive ... original work on the different subjects Understanding of the anatomy and the function of the auditory system together with knowledge about the pathophysiology of the auditory system are essential...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:21

... at the entrance of the ear canal compared with the sound pressure that is measured in the place of the head The effect of the head on the sound at the entrance of the ear canal is related to the ... ratio between the effective area of the tympanic membrane and the area of the stapes footplate, but the lever ratio of the middle ear bones also contributes The ratio of areas of the BOX 2.2 SOUND ... remarkable in the light of the FIGURE 2.12 (A) Average displacements of the umbo, the head of the stapes and the lenticular process of the incus (B) The lever ratio at 124 dB SPL at the tympanic...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:21

... anatomy and physiology of the auditory nervous system of clinical importance Most studies of the function of the auditory system have aimed at the coding of different kinds of sounds in the auditory ... in the ventral parts of the MGB of the thalamus, the nonclassical sensory pathways use the dorsal and medial division of the MGB as relay (Fig 5.10) [122] These divisions of the MGB receive their ... of the fourth ventricle (Fig 5.15B) [72] The other part of the olivocochlear system projects mainly to the contralateral cochlea and the fibers of that system travel deeper in the brainstem The...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:21

... The caudal portion of the floor of the lateral recess is the (dorsal) surface of the dorsal cochlear nucleus and the rostral portion of the floor of the lateral recess is the dorsal surface of ... difference between the latency of the N1 of the AP and that of the response from the intracranial portion of the auditory nerve is the travel time in the auditory nerve from the ear to the recording ... the latency of the first peak in the dipole and the length is the relative strength of the dipoles Note the short distance between the two first dipoles (peak I and II of the ABR) and the third...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:21

... stapedius muscle contraction decreases the input to the cochlea and thereby decreases the contraction of the stapedius muscle, and that in turn causes the input to the cochlea to again increase, and ... components of broad band sounds will elicit contractions of the stapedius muscle when the intensities of these components are above the threshold of the reflex and that will cause attenuation of low ... from the stapedius muscle [19] and in the flying bat where recordings of EMG potentials from the laryngeal muscles and the middle ear muscles have shown that contractions of the middle ear muscles...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:21

... increase the sensitivity and frequency selectivity of the ear (cf Chapter 3) The widening of the tuning of the basilar membrane broadens the “slices” of the spectrum of broad band sounds from which the ... this view of flexibility of the function of the auditory system That injury and loss of cochlear hair cells can cause profound changes in the structure and function of the central auditory system ... coherence of the nerve activity that reaches the cochlear nucleus The growth of the amplitude of the reflex response is reduced in 242 Section III Disorders of the Auditory System and Their Pathophysiology...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:21

... tinnitus and abnormal perception of sounds such as hyperacusis and phonophobia) are some of the most diverse and complex disorders of the auditory system and their causes are often obscure Often ... corresponding to the F1 frequency and the other corresponding to the frequency of F2 The rate of the impulses is that of F0 for voiced sounds, and a quasi-random rate (average of 100 pps) for ... determined on the basis of the output of 16 band-pass filters The output of the six band-pass filters with the largest amplitudes is coded in the impulses that are applied to the electrodes in the cochlea...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:21

... in the LPS group At the same time, 3-MH was also reduced, but the concentration of tyrosine and other mRNA and protein levels of the Ub system changed only slightly When the infusion dose of ... WL and JZ did the statistical analysis QC and WY wrote the first draft of the paper and JL commented on the draft All other authors provided comments and approved the final manuscript Page of ... longus muscle The proteolytic rate of skeletal muscle was measured as net release of tyrosine for total protein and 3-MH for myofibrillar protein Compared to the control group, the rate of total...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:23

... cascade system prevalent in the liver and the muscle through steady state analysis The quantification incorporates the influences of all the effectors that regulate the output response of the glycogen ... the glycogen cascade system of skeletal muscle and liver In the present work, the cAMP concentration is considered to be the primary input to the glycogen cascade The fractional activations of ... information on the set of equations and list of parameters used for the simulation are given in the Appendix Most of the parameters and enzyme concentrations are taken from literature sources and the same...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 22:22