pathology of the gastrointestinal system

... because of the breakdown of haemoglobin PART II SYSTEMIC PATHOLOGY Pathology of the nervous system 37 Pathology of the cardiovascular system 55 87 Pathology of the respiratory system ... Pathology of the gastrointestinal system 179 201 223 Pathology of the kidney and urinary tract 10 Pathology of the endocrine system 11 Pathology of the reproductive system 12 Pathology ... II: Systemic pathology Pathology of the nervous system 37 Disorders of the central nervous system 37 Disorders of the peripheral nervous system 50 Disorders of the autonomic nervous system...

Ngày tải lên: 28/08/2014, 10:21

... disadvantages of main methods, the development of additional prognostic criteria of the risk of esophageal varices bleeding remains the urgent problem of the internal medicine X Preface Current methods of ... value of a normal US of only 33% and a sensitivity of 57% (Debray et al., 2011) Williams et al (1995) devised and validated a scoring system for the severity of CFLD The scoring system included the ... Factors that enhance destruction of the biliary tree may lie in the epithelial toxicity of retained bile salt (Westaby, 2000) Other factors leading to the development of steatosis (fatty liver) are...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 02:20

... disadvantages of main methods, the development of additional prognostic criteria of the risk of esophageal varices bleeding remains the urgent problem of the internal medicine X Preface Current methods of ... value of a normal US of only 33% and a sensitivity of 57% (Debray et al., 2011) Williams et al (1995) devised and validated a scoring system for the severity of CFLD The scoring system included the ... Factors that enhance destruction of the biliary tree may lie in the epithelial toxicity of retained bile salt (Westaby, 2000) Other factors leading to the development of steatosis (fatty liver) are...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 10:20

... condition: the evolution of the disease, the magnitude of the increase in blood pressure values, the etiology of the hypertensive state, and the absolute level of the total cardiovascular risk profile The ... part of the aging process as a result of the stiffening of the large arteries By the end of the 1980s, enough evidence had accumulated to support a clinical trial to test the hypothesis that the ... conducted to test the hypothesis—one in the United States and the other in Europe Taken together, the results of both the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP) trial (21) and the Systolic...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 11:20

... was normal but with some jejunisation of the ileum The derangement of the LFTs led to a full liver screen An autoimmune profile demonstrated the presence of antimitochondrial M2 antibodies, antinuclear ... that in the latter stages of the disease, there are the complications of cirrhosis and portal hypertension; oesophageal varices and fluid retention, namely, ascites [1] Ascites is a result of portal ... and in the tendinous portion of the diaphragm, often

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:21

... indicate the volume of ascites, and white arrows, the date of DC+AK immunotherapy The gray arrow indicates the date of TIL immunotherapy Page of (page number not for citation purposes) Journal of Medical ... from the patient She died 10 months after the initiation of this therapy We obtained written informed consent for publication of this case report from the patient's next -of- kin A copy of the written ... soon after the initiation of infusion were the only side effects of this treatment Surface markers of cells obtained from long-term tissue culture of tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDL) of the patient...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 19:21

... consequence of resolution of the underlying septic vasodilation rather than an effect of the infused albumin The authors of the second study described pooling of the infused volume in the mesenteric ... vasculature and part of the aorta by a thermistor-tipped arterial line inserted into one of the femoral arteries and advanced to the aortic bifurcation The mean transit time and the slope of the temperature ... absolute increase of the same order of magnitude as that seen in our patients, but the former failed to reach the level of significance owing to the small number of patients (n = 9) The decrease in...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:21

... activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the RAAS, and the non-osmotic release of vasopressin Baroreceptor activation of the sympathetic nervous system appears to be the primary integrator of the ... excitation of these neurons leads to vasodilation and therefore increased flow to the mucosa (22) The influence of sympathetic nerves on the gastrointestinal circulation overshadows that of the other ... Modulators of the gastrointestinal circulation Physiology of the Gastrointestinal Circulation The anticipatory/ingestion phase of digestion is mediated by the sympathetic nervous system and...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 19:20

... of average SBP by day 30 and throughout the remainder of the study The entire BP profile and heart rate were assessed near the end of the study as shown in Table Measured by another method, the ... only the SBP of the group that continued as Control 0(n=8) is depicted Of note, throughout their recorded lifespan, the SBP of the female SD consuming only diet generally increased, i.e., the ... reverse to some extent the sugar-induced/age-related elevations of SBP (Figs 2,3) By the end of the four months after introduction of the maitake fractions into the diet, the diastolic and mean...

Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2012, 08:57

... endothelial dysfunction associated with these diseases (1-6) Further, oxidative stress plays a major role in the pathogenesis of both types of diabetes mellitus High levels of free radicals and the ... 11.5 minutes, which then switched to the opposite polarity for another 11.5 minutes The device was designed to switch the direction of current flow halfway through the cycle The resulting cycle ... stress (67) Interruption of the overproduction of superoxide by the mitochondrial electron transport chain would normalize the pathways involved in the development of the oxidative stress (68)...

Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2012, 09:39

... or props, other than the PSA itself 19 Judges will then have an additional minutes to review the PSA and complete the Rating Sheet 20 The DVD, the Air Date Form, the Validation Form, the Release ... showing the PSA The PSA should be clearly visible to judges sitting feet away from the screen The PSA may be loaded on the hard drive of the computer Teams still need to bring a copy of the PSA ... given minutes to describe their creative process, public use of the PSA, and how they think the PSA will change the public’s opinion, actions, or feelings The team can replay the PSA, starting and...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 19:20

Ngày tải lên: 03/05/2014, 19:43

... that providing the descriptive system is valued on the same scale using the same variant of the same valuation technique, as was the case for the CAMPHOR and EQ-5D models, then the valuations ... candidates for exclusion However, it was the aim to include a reasonable spread of items in terms of the degree of severity they represented The logit severity of the selected items ranged from -1.25 ... according to the EQ-5D It is questionable whether any individuals with PH would consider themselves to have perfect health given the severe nature of the symptoms, the fact that the condition is often...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... compared the results of the present sample of patients with type diabetes with data of the general population extracted out of the German National Health Interview and Examination Survey [16] Therefore, ... according to the mentioned scoring The number of smokers was 117 (8.4%) Health related quality of life Table shows means for the eight domains of the SF-36 scales and the two component scales for the ... both approved by the ethics committee of the University of Heidelberg Participants Based on the total sample observed in the ELSID-study (n = 20.625, 59,2% female) a random sample of 3546 patients...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... between the first and second exon resulting in the long form of Brn-3a [Brn-3a(l)] However, the use of a promoter within the intron downstream of the first exon, results in the formation of an ... which often makes complete surgical removal of the cancer difficult The causes of ovarian cancer and factors that influence the progression of the disease are only partially understood A number of ... expression of anti-apoptosis genes, including Bcl-2 [10] On the other hand, the ability to activate the promoters of differentiation-associated neurofilaments and neuronal outgrowth is dependent upon the...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 07:20

... Pathophysiology of Essential Hypertension structural changes in the wall of the vessels: Thickening of the wall due to the hypertrophy of the media and hyperplasia of the collagen fibers That is the cause of ... interstitial collagen synthesis In the late stages of disease, the event that initiates the development of the majority of myocardial infarctions is the rupture of the fibrous cap of the plaque inducing ... gradient The needed energy for this active process is supplied from the hydrolysis of ATP with the aid of the Na+, K+ dependent ATPase The activity of the Na+-K+ ATPase is a measure of the sodium...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 15:20

... lower part of the abdomen toward the umbilicus suggest obstruction of the inferior vena cava; flow downward toward the umbilicus suggests superior vena cava obstruction "Doming" of the abdomen ... characteristic of ascites A prominent abdominal venous pattern with the direction of flow away from the umbilicus is often a reflection of portal hypertension; venous collaterals with flow from the lower ... size, the appearance of abdominal or inguinal hernias, or the development of a localized swelling Often, considerable abdominal enlargement has gone unnoticed for weeks or months, either because of...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... or the diffuse abdominal haziness and loss of psoas margins suggestive of ascites Ultrasonography is often of value in detecting ascites, determining the presence of a mass, or evaluating the ... size of the liver and spleen CT scanning provides similar information and is often necessary to visualize the retroperitoneum, pancreas, and lymph nodes A plain film of the abdomen may reveal the ... the distended colon of otherwise unsuspected ulcerative colitis and give valuable information as to the size of the liver and spleen An irregular and elevated right side of the diaphragm may be...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... elevations in the white blood cell count of the peritoneal fluid (300–500/µL) Since Gram's stain of the fluid may be negative in a high proportion of such cases, careful culture of the peritoneal ... not identical in each series, the percentage figures (in parentheses) should be taken as an indication of the order of magnitude rather than as the precise incidence of any abnormal finding ... conventional cultures done by the laboratory) Direct visualization of the peritoneum (laparoscopy) may disclose peritoneal deposits of tumor, tuberculosis, or metastatic disease of the liver Biopsies are...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... evaluation of the nature of the ascitic fluid, invariably discloses the etiology of the ascites and permits appropriate therapy to be instituted Acknowledgment Dr Kurt J Isselbacher was the co-author of ... finding in the absence of a clinically evident underlying disease Then, a careful analysis of ascitic fluid may indicate the direction the evaluation should take A useful framework for the workup ... (ERCP)] usually discloses the site of leakage and permits resective surgery to be carried out An analysis of the physiologic and metabolic factors involved in the production of ascites (detailed in...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21