... Linguistic Data Consortium (LDC). Sphere
supports several data compression formats in a variety of standard and specialized formats.
Sphereworkswellforsampleddatafiles,butislimitedformoregeneralspeechdatafiles. ... towards
“self-describing”file formats that include information about the names, data types, and layout of all
data in the file. (For example, this permits programs to retrieve data by name.)
There are many popular file formats, ... formats, and various programs are available for converting among
them (e.g., SOX). For speech sampled data, the most important file format is Sphere (from NIST),
which is used in the speech databases...
... was
1.09 (CI 0.76–1.54) for class I, 1.5 (CI 0.92–2.46) for class
II, and 2.78 (CI 1.56–4.94) for class III (Table 2). The
p values were .64 for class I, .10 for class II, and .0005 for
class III. When ... with
obesity classes II and III, in which the ORs and ARs were
1.72 (95% CI 1.11–2.65) and 28% and 2.4 (95% CI
1.26–4.55) and 38%, respectively.
Table 1. Demographics of Total Evaluated and Included Patients
Characteristics ... United States. The latest data from
the National Center forHealth Statistics show that 30% of
US adults 20 years of age and older (over 60 million
people) and 16% of children and teens age 6 to 19...
... pro-apoptotic Fas ligand and receptor-binding cancer antigen expressed
on SiSo cells I, and (3) the formation of immunosuppressive microenvironment by up-regulation of transforming
growth factor-beta, ... Gal-1,
expression of immune inhibitor ligands (B7-H1 -H3 and -H4), up-
regulation of IDO and/ or ARG activity and/ or expansion of cellular
immunosuppression by MDSCs and Foxp3 Treg cells could generate
an ... immune inhi-
bitory ligand B7 fa mily members, secreted cytokine
TGF-b and Gal-1, enzyme IDO and perhaps ARG, and
(3) inducti on/expansion of immunosuppressive cells:
MDSCs and/ or Foxp3
+
Treg cells...
... RobotManipulators,Trends and Development1 6
randomization and a forgetting factor are introduced for improvement of finding the global
optimum (Krus et al., 1992; Ölvander, 2001).
Fig. 12. ... necessary information, such as motor and gear torque, motor and gear speed, for design
use. Based on the information, total motor power consumption and lifetime of gearboxes
may be calculated for used ... problem formulation. Design space for
exploring the trade-offs between cycle time performance and lifetime of some critical drive-
train component as well as between cycle time performance and total...
... connected robot elements, such as
an arm and a hand, under the influence of controlled motor forces, joint constraint forces, con-
tact forces and external forces. This allows a user to dynamically ... between
operations anddevelopment activities (NASA, 2008). The simulator matches the appearance,
kinematics and dynamics of Robonaut and serves as a platform to test new control theories
and configurations ... interesting for engineering
purposes, such as the simulation and programming of robots, machine tools, humans and
animals, and the visualization and post-processing of all sorts of data that come...
... CartesianControl for RobotManipulators 165
CartesianControl for RobotManipulators
PabloSánchez-Sánchez and FernandoReyes-Cortés
0
Cartesian Control for Robot Manipulators
Pablo Sánchez-Sánchez and Fernando ... controller. The external force
F is applied to the
end-effector on the articulated structure and results in internal forces and torques in joints.
RobotManipulators,Trends and Development1 88
Proof. ... controller. The external force
F is applied to the
end-effector on the articulated structure and results in internal forces and torques in joints.
MeasurementAnalysis and Diagnosis for Robot
ManipulatorsusingAdvancedNonlinearControlTechniques...
... behaviour and adjusting
RobotManipulators,Trends and Development3 08
a) b)
Fig. 10. Experimental and simulation results of absolute follow-up error of position signal
Δx a) and velocity ... 11. Experimental and simulation results of position and position error a) and velocity b)
of cylinder slide for sin input signal with frequency 0,5 Hz
In Table 2 average performance indexes ... servo-drive. The
input signals for transpose control were step signals andfor follow-up control ramp and sin
signals. The paper compares the selected results of simulation and experimental tests of...
... the
link2 and the link3 were used both for Performer MK2 andfor SCARA. The robot arm in the
operational side was moved passively according to the external force applied by a human
hand.
3.2 Experimental ... [1/s] and the velocity loop gain was given as K
v
= 150 [1/s] for Per-
former MK3 and the position loop gain was given as K
p
= 2 [1/s] and the velocity loop gain
was given as K
v
= 120 [1/s] for ... existing equip-
ment and technology. Both for the operational side andfor the working side, any kind of
robot arms are utilizable. Moreover, the Internet technology is used for the data transmission
between...
... limited on 4
th
time learning for the simulation and 6
th
time
learning for the experiment, we carried out much more simulations and experiments,
learning for 20 times, for example. The results ...
where,
n
Rθ
and
n
Rτ
are joint variable and torque,
nn
R
)(θM
is inertia matrix,
n
RθθθH
),(
contains Coriolis and centrifugal forces, and
n
R)(θg
denotes
gravitational force.
Remarks: ... RobotManipulators,Trends and Development3 76
RobotManipulators,Trends and Development3 56
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
x-y plots of the end-effector and mobile platform
x (m)
y (m)
end-effector...
... undesired.
Let S and S’ be two reference frames, attached to the base and to the platform respectively,
and with the origin in the centre of the spherical joint between the platform and the base. ... points P
1
, P
2
, and P
3
be the centres of the joints between the base and the legs, and
the three points Q
1
, Q
2
, and Q
3
be the centers of the joints between the platform and the legs.
The ... controller for joint angles (q1 (t) = 0.8sin (t), q2 (t) = 0.5sin (t)) and joint
distance (q3 (t) = 0.3m)
RobotManipulators,Trends and Development4 06
Fig. 7. Loading Training datafor ANFIS...
... −α
λ
p
C
zo
δp
C
xo
δp
C
yo
−
r
o
δp
C
zo
p
C
zo
(14)
and finally, according to (13) and (14) we obtain:
UsingObject’sContour and FormtoEmbedRecognitionCapabilityintoIndustrialRobots 463
UsingObject’sContour and FormtoEmbedRecognitionCapabilityinto
IndustrialRobots
I.Lopez-Juarez,M.Peña-Cabrera and A.V.Reyes-Acosta
x ... camera-in-hand or camera-to-hand (Flandin et al.; 2000).
In camera-to-hand robotic systems, multiple cameras or a single camera fixed in the world-
coordinate frame capture images of both, the robot and ... developed in Borland Delphi to capture the visual information and the Matrox Image
Library is used to process the acquired images in real time. For our experiments, focal length
λ
= 8mm and scaling...
... useful for smooth and fast movements, especially for assembly tasks. First,
second and fourth joints are rotational and they move on the horizontal plane; and third
joint is linear and it moves ... Modeling and Grasp Planning for Handling
UnknownObjects
YamazakiKimitoshi,MasahiroTomono and TakashiTsubouchi
x
Autonomous 3D Shape Modeling and Grasp
Planning for Handling Unknown ... information
from the force sensor, position sensors, and visual sensor. All relevant data of the
experiments have to be saved for later analysis.
The software developed must be flexible and...