... citation purposes) ofthe laser penetration depth of about 1–2 mm, IMBF reflects theblood flow in the whole gut wall In contrast, FCD reflects only the perfusion ofthe capillaries ofthe focused ... institutional review board for the care of animals and were performed in accordance with German legislation on protection of animals Anaesthesia and monitoring The animals were initially anaesthetized ... any compression or traction ofthe gut Pilot experiments have demonstrated that low dosages of enbucrilate not influence intestinal blood flow or intestinal function The position ofthe probe was...
... hilus and CA3 area, comprise the second synapse ofthe hippocampal circuit In this trisynaptic model ofthe hippocampus, based onthe observations ofthe MFs presynapses and their locations, the ... cells are strongly inhibited by tonic Gi/o protein activity in the presynaptic terminal Based onthe fact that the tonic activity ofthe G protein is a consequence ofthe tonic activation of A1 adenosine ... characteristic ofthe diverse neuronal cell types that make up the neural systems, the specificity of connections between these neurons, the neurochemical interactions that 27 occur through these connections,...
... at the end ofthe second volume ofthe second edition: On Polyhedra Onthe Measure of a Circle On Plynths and Cylinders On Surfaces and Irregular Bodies Mechanics Catoptrics On Sphere-Making On ... important consideration ofthe work Once the groundwork is laid, in Propositions 1–22, the second half ofthe work is less constrained by strong deductive relations, one result leading to the next: the ... call the figure internally contained by the surface ofthe cone, and by the surface ofthe sphere inside the cone, a “solid sector.” /6/ And when two cones having the same base have the vertices on...
... permission ofthe copyright owner Applications for such permission, with a statement ofthe purpose and extent ofthe reproduction, should be addressed to the Director, Information Division, Food and ... impact onthe microbial populations in the associated culture medium and eventually in the fish/shrimp’s gut flora, and consequently onthe health status andthe digestive capability ofthe larva ... based on a number of criteria (Fig 1.5.) Most ofthe criteria as identified from the viewpoint ofthe larva have already been discussed above with the exception ofthe criterion ‘purity’ One should...
... vary considerably according to the culture conditions For example the effect ofthe composition ofthe culture medium onthe proximate composition of various species of micro-algae is demonstrated ... disadvantage is the need to prevent contamination during the initial inoculation and early growth period Because the density ofthe desired phytoplankton is low andthe concentration of nutrients ... growth depends upon the species and culture conditions ofthe algae making up the diet, andthe bivalve culture conditions Under practical hatchery conditions, high food rations are often fed, which...
... tract ofthe rotifers are killed as well The concentration ofthe disinfection products differs according to their toxicity andthe initial condition ofthe rotifers Orientating concentrations ... generations of offspring before they eventually die The reproduction activity of Brachionus depends onthe temperature ofthe environment as illustrated in Table 3.1 The life cycle of Brachionus ... not only has a regulating effect onthe microflora but also increases the production rate ofthe rotifers For stable rotifer cultures, the microflora as well as the physiological condition of the...
... North America and seemed to be unlimited However, with the expansion of aquaculture production in the 1970’s, the demand for Artemia cysts soon exceeded the offer and prices rose exponentially, ... Inoculation experiments in natural habitats therefore require prior screening of candidate strains andof eventual local populations, as well as the study of prevailing environmental conditions Uncontrolled ... result of long-term adaptations ofthe strain to the local conditions; see chapter 4.1.2.4) 4.1.2.4 Strain-specific characteristics INTRODUCTION While the nutritional value can be manipulated, other...
... start and consequent development ofthe population shortly after the re-establishment of favorable environmental conditions This allows effective colonization in temporal biotopes For the user of ... release over 80% of their cellular water, and upon interruption ofthe aeration, the now coffeebean shaped decapsulated cysts settle out After harvesting of these cysts on a mesh screen they should ... reduced by disinfection ofthe cysts prior to hatching incubation and/ or by the addition of a few drops of a non-toxic antifoaming agent (e.g silicone antifoam) The temperature ofthe seawater is...
... understood and may be satisfied through the consumption of seawater, the main concern regarding the mineral composition of Artemia is whether they meet the requirements of fish or crustacean larvae reared ... (use of cover) and focusing a light source onthe transparent conical part ofthe bottom Nauplii should not be allowed to settle for too long (i.e., maximum to 10 min.) in the point ofthe conical ... enhanced the survival of P monodon PL-15 andthe osmotic resistance of PL-10 This has recently been confirmed with the production characteristics of P monodon PL-10 and PL-20 being significantly...
... assimilation: including the quality and quantity ofthe food offered, the developmental stage ofthe larvae, andthe culture conditions More detailed information concerning these processes are given ... installations, onthe other hand, there is a significantly higher mortality during the end ofthe first culture week that can be explained by the deterioration ofthe water quality, probably because the ... Pond production 4.5.1 Description ofthe different Artemia habitats 4.5.2 Site selection 4.5.3 Pond adaptation 4.5.4 Pond preparation 4.5.5 Artemia inoculation 4.5.6 Monitoring and managing the...
... analysis ofthe algae samples is recommended Algae composition does not only influence growth and reproduction ofthe Artemia, but also has an effect onthe nutritional value ofthe biomass andthe ... production is abandoned during the rainy season, when evaporation ponds are often turned into fish/shrimp ponds Although salt production in these salt streets is based onthe same chemical and biological ... usually depends onthe availability of high saline water and is often limited to certain periods ofthe year Management of these ponds is similar to the management ofthe Artemia ponds in artisanal...
... ofthe plankton net may be fixed to the pond gates The amount of zooplankton collected depends onthe zooplankton concentration in the water flowing out ofthe reservoir andonthe volume ofthe ... ofthe net the more effective and rapid the filtration Hence, the upper limit ofthe dimensions ofthe nets depends onthe ease of handling rather than anything else The effectiveness of filtering ... transport the harvested zooplankton in 50 l containers Under these conditions the survival ofthe zooplankton depends onthe amount of oxygen dissolved in the remaining water At a concentration of 100...
... population after unfavourable seasonal conditions 6.1.2 Nutritional value of Daphnia The nutritional value of Daphnia depends strongly onthe chemical composition of their food source However, since ... also the production and use of live food organisms as feed for the developing larvae The present manual reviews and summarizes the latest developments concerning the production and use ofthe ... particles from the water The efficiency ofthe filter allows even the uptake of bacteria (approx 1µm) In a study onthe food quality of freshwater phytoplankton for the production of cladocerans,...
... Introduction B Bodyofthe essay C Conclusion A Form the introduction: - restate the question, and - write the thesis by: - answering the question, and - giving at least reasons why First you restate the ... These three reasons will form thebodyofthe essay: - they can learn about responsibility, - they can learn the value of money, - they can learn how to work as a member of a team B Bodyofthe ... an outline ofthe essay; - then develop thebodyofthe essay using the reasons given, and -finally, write the conclusion Practice Writing Sessions Before you begin: - Relax and feel confident...
... to consider carefully the connections between the chemistry ofthe atmosphere and climate These connections are complex and their nonlinearity is exemplified by the fact that concentrations of ... regionally variable and partially-offsetting, effects of BC on absorption and reflection of sunlight, reflectivity of clouds, andthe strength of lower tropospheric convection (Wang, 2004) These ... reduce the warming induced by the capping of SOx Note that these climate calculations in Figure omit the cooling effects ofthe CO2 reductions caused by the lessening ofthe inhibition ofthe land...
... substances, onthe one hand, andthe potential transboundary impact, onthe other hand; (b) The polluter-pays principle, by virtue of which costs of pollution prevention, control and reduction measures ... areas, or parts thereof, aimed at the prevention, control and reduction of transboundary impact and aimed at the protection ofthe environment of transboundary waters or the environment influenced ... including the marine environment The application of this Convention shall not lead to the deterioration of environmental conditions nor lead to increased transboundary impact The provisions of this Convention...
... national standards for environmental quality” and “national standards for the discharge of pollutants” as well as a monitoring system.32 B The Law on Prevention and Control of Water Pollution and ... protection.35 In addition to the LPCWP, polluting industries are subject to a variety of rules and regulations Nationally, these include the Implementing Rules onthe Law onthe Prevention and Control ... standards for items not covered by the WEQ standards and must report their standards to the State Council.80 Using the WEQ standards andthe country’s economic and technological conditions, the...
... coordination, legal regulations, etc.) analysis/evaluation: o Outcomes in relation to the objectives ofthe innovation o Role ofthe innovation in the overall economic strategy ofthe organisation (e.g ... the state -of the- art for the valuation and compensation for non-market forest goods and services This study is financed by the European Commission and is part ofthe implementation ofthe EU Forest ... Annex 12 The concept of economic value Economic valuation of ecosystem goods and services is based onthe concept of willingness to pay, which is a fundamental concept of welfare economics and is...