objects google gears and html5 dom storage

... equipment), and communications The data come in a wide variety of diverse forms – numeric, textual (structured or unstructured), audio and video signals Understanding and making sense of this vast and ... Dr Gavin Cawley, University of East Anglia, for help and advice We are grateful to friends and colleagues (past and present, from RSRE, DERA and QinetiQ) www.it-ebooks.info P1: OTA/XYZ P2: ABC ... problem formulation and data collection through to discrimination and classification, assessment of results and interpretation Some of the basic concepts in classification are introduced and the key issues...

Ngày tải lên: 28/04/2014, 17:03

... used Illustrations of the transmitter and receiver for such a system are shown in Figure The MIMO channel between the transmitter and the receiver, assumed flat and Rayleigh, is described by the N ... antenna and the nth receive antenna The channel correlation matrix is R = E hh† , h = vec(H), BACKGROUND Consider a MIMO system with M transmit and N receive antennae OSTBC is used, and a linear ... work with the maximum PEP, which is the dominating term of the probability of error, and try to minimize a bound on it This approach was taken in [6] and the result is that the tight upper bound...

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 01:20

... Diagnosis AND "low back pain" AND catastrophizing Diagnosis AND "neck pain" AND catastrophizing Diagnosis AND "low back pain" AND coping Diagnosis AND "neck pain" AND coping Diagnosis AND "low ... McKenzie Diagnosis AND "low back pain" AND neurodynamics Diagnosis AND "neck pain" AND neurodynamics Diagnosis AND "low back pain" AND radiculopathy Diagnosis AND "neck pain" AND radiculopathy ... Diagnosis AND "low back pain" AND "central pain hypersensitivity" Diagnosis AND "neck pain" AND "central pain hypersensitivity" Diagnosis AND "neck pain" AND "central sensitization" Diagnosis AND "neck...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 14:20

... and candidate length If E and E are the reference and the candidate translations respectively, this linear function is given by: Figure 2: Transformation of a hypergraph into a factor graph and ... the web and other published sources The development and test sets for this task are randomly selected sentences from the web, and contain 5000 and 1000 sentences respectively Lattice MBR Decoding ... rule re : X → aX1 bX2 c and T (e) = {v1 , v2 } Then we substitute X1 and X2 in the rule with candidate translations associated with line segments in envelopes Env(v1 ) and Env(v2 ) respectively...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 16:21

... translation model and a word-based lexicon model The latter two models are used for both directions: p(f |e) and p(e|f ) Additionally, we use a word penalty, phrase penalty and a distortion penalty ... models like an n-gram language model, HMM, IBM-1 and IBM-4 It turned out that the use of 000 best candidates for the MBR decoding is sufficient, and leads to exactly the same results as the use ... the TC-STAR task and 1.1% for the GALE Chinese-English task Note, that MBR decoding is never worse than MAP decoding, and is therefore promising for SMT It is easy to integrate and can improve...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 03:20

... Mohri, and Michael Riley 2010 Expected 31 Michael Riley, Cyril Allauzen, and Martin Jansche 2009 OpenFst: An Open-Source, Weighted FiniteState Transducer Library and its Applications to Speech and ... unigram precision p = 0.85 and average recall ratio r = 0.74 Our translation decoder and MBR procedures are implemented using OpenFst (Allauzen et al., 2007) LMBR Speed and Performance Lattice MBR ... sequential method and both simultaneous implementations using path counting transducers ΨL n and ΨR yield the same hypotheses (allowing for n numerical accuracy); they differ only in speed and memory...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 16:20

... boosting), and Evaluation (Eval) is the blind dataset for final ranker comparison Nine features are used in re-ranking We compare MERT vs BoostedMERT MERT is randomly re-started 30 times, and BoostedMERT ... the outputs of the previous overall ranker f t−1 and current weak ranker λt PRED is a general function that takes a ranker and a M N-best lists and generates a set of M N -dim output vector y ... text condition) We used a standard phrase-based statistical MT system (Kirchhoff and Yang, 2007) to generated N-best lists (N=2000) on Development4, Development5, and Evaluation sub-sets Development4...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 17:20

... first three questions 1, and aim to give out and discuss the students’ attitudes toward English pronunciation and their difficulties of pronouncing ending sounds Question and were designed to get ... analyze and find errors with the help and support of my supervisor and students from last year English major at HPU Secondly, the last findings of ending sounds errors were presented in table and ... sounds that students have difficulties with and make errors, and get information about the students’ attitudes and expectations toward English pronunciation and their teacher From that, the author...

Ngày tải lên: 17/12/2013, 20:37

... recognition results and the corresponding actual utterance The examples below show candidates grouped according to the correct part ' < ~ > ' and the erroneous part '< ~ ~1 Error-Pattern Candidates ... Here, P1 and P2 denote the start and end positions of an error-block, and L denotes the length of the input string Step 2: Take the string (Error-String) that comprises an error-block and each ... is as long as possible For two arbitrary candidates, when one of their Error-Parts includes the other, and their frequencies are the same value, the candidate whose Error-Part includes the other...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 18:20

... equipment and supplies, home healthcare, physical therapy and rehabilitation services, and nursing home care Second, patients may be temporarily or permanently disabled, resulting in lost wages and ... Utah and Colorado extracted from malpractice claims and medical records files in a previous 840 Mello et al study In the original study, trained physicians reviewed records from 14,732 randomly ... equipment and supplies required by the injury and the number of months the patient would require each These estimates were multiplied by standard equipment costs per month Burial costs Standard...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 17:20

... getting and dying from prostate cancer I understand that taking the screening tests could mean finding a problem, taking further tests, and treating a potentially serious prostate cancer And since ... understand the prostate, prostate cancer, and the different opinions on screening To decide whether screening is right for you, discuss the pros and cons of screening with your doctor and the ... doctor questions.” What is the PSA test? PSA stands for “prostate specific antigen.” PSA is a substance produced only by cells from the prostate gland and released into the blood The PSA test measures...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 01:20

... Joshi and Y Schabes 1997 Tree-adjoining grammars In G Rozenberg and A Salomaa, editors, Handbook of Formal Languages, Volume 3: Beyond Words, pages 69–124 Springer, New York Yoshihide Kato and ... Etrees and Derivation Trees for (2abc) tree-substitution, sister-adjunction, and Chomskyadjunction (Chiang, 2003) Sister adjunction attaches a tree (or single node) as a sister to another node, and ... Markus Dickinson and Detmar Meurers 2003b Detecting inconsistencies in treebanks In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Treebanks and Linguistic Theories (TLT 2003), Sweden Treebanks and Linguistic...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 00:20

... and then using the original as a fully objective standard for automatic evaluation By contrast, in traditional word-sense disambiguation, hand-labeling training and test data is a laborious and ... understand? 1262 3667 2624 2105 3893 2865 • Can the resulting decision procedure be easily edited by hand? • Is it simple to implement and replicate, and can it be applied quickly to new domains? ... lists The first handles the problem of "redundancy by subsumption," which is clearly visible in the example decision lists above (in W E E K D A Y and domingo) When l e m m a s and wordclasses...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 09:20

... Features Chain starts and ends We follow (Chan et al 2007) to model the lexical chain starts and ends at a story boundary with a statistical distribution We apply a window around the candidate boundaries ... Hirst, G and St-Onge, D 1998 “Lexical chains as representations of context for the detection and correction of malapropisms”, WordNet: An Electronic Lexical Database, pp 305–332 Morris, J and Hirst, ... Analysis in the Topic Detection and Tracking Domain, PhD thesis, University College Dublin Yamron, J.P et al 1998, “A hidden Markov model approach to text segmentation and event tracking”, Proc ICASSP...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 17:20

... template, we will use a random variable that takes either or to denote that the target noun is a mass noun or a count noun, respectively We will also use and to denote a word and a certain context ... replacing and with and major , respectively 243 §§¥ ©¨¦¤ )43 ¥ or cooking, which agrees with the knowledge presented in previous work (Ostler and Atkins, 1991) ¢ £¡ 2.3 Distinguishing mass and count ... a scientific paper from read, and therefore it is a count noun Likewise, in example 2, we can tell that the paper refers to a certain substance from made and pulp, and therefore it is a mass noun...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 18:20

... smaller than both i and i − 1, and the tree can be improved by swapping the position of the child from the other side and child i − Given that the two largest children are outermost and on opposite ... lengths for unlabeled DLAs achievable given the unordered dependencies and the length we would find given a random ordering, and are much closer to the minimum This already suggests that minimizing ... the Penn Treebank, initializing all weights to random numbers between zero and one This initialization makes all phrases head-initial to begin with, and has the effect of imposing a directional...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 18:20

... Juang, W Chou, and C H Lee 1995 Statistical and discriminative methods for speech recognition In A J Rubio Ayuso and J M Lopez Soler, editors, Speech Recognition and Coding - New Advances and Trends ... by Papineni et al (1997) and Och and Ney (2002) The use of minimum classification error training and using a smoothed error count is common in the pattern recognition and speech Table 3: Effect ... to also handle the BLEU and NIST scores instead of sentence-level error counts by accumulating the relevant statistics for computing these scores (n-gram precision, translation length and reference...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 19:20

... sentence s and two entity mentions arg1 and arg2 contained in s, a candidate relation mention r with argument arg1 preceding arg2 is defined as r=(s, arg1, arg2) The goal of Relation Detection and Classification ... tree, and used a carefully designed kernel function, e.g subsequence kernel (Bunescu and Mooney, 2005b) or convolution tree kernel (Collins and Duffy, 2001), to calculate their similarity These objects ... examples, erroneous ones and untagged examples) and use MaxEnt as the weight learning model since it shows competitive performance in relation extraction (Jiang and Zhai, 2007) and outputs probabilities...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 03:20

... solution For thousands and thousands of people, tweaking, adding, removing, and devising new and ingenious ways to enhance their online stores is not so much a chore as an engaging, fun, and above all, ... only, as you have long category and manufacturer names, and need more space on the left [ 13 ] Chop and Cream the Basic Design Let's take one of grandma's favorites and make it new! Ingredients ... different systems, databases, and programming languages, and held a range of positions from analyst-programmer, DBA, quality assurance, and support as well as team-leading and project management This...

Ngày tải lên: 01/06/2014, 00:43

... iteration and should derive the probability of availability of the bands based on its previous trials It provides a confidence bound on every band and selects, for the next iteration, the band most ... potential candidates The most obvious one is probably “exhaustive search”, where all possible candidates are computed and evaluated in order to 17 find the best solution However, when the number of candidates ... depending on the way they learn and exploit their rules On the one hand (i), we find a set of techniques that separates exploration and exploitation phases On the other hand (ii), we find other techniques...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 20:20