nutrition and diet in rheumatic diseases

... haplotype in ADAM12 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain 12) and ESR1 in women [118] and again with ADAM12 in men along with the CILP (cartilage intermediate layer protein) haplotype There is ... smoking has been linked with a substantial increased risk of RA [17] (over 13-fold) and there was an increasing association between increasing pack-years of smoking and RA Current smoking has been ... Vol 11 No Oliver and Silman the high incidence in females An interesting observation was the increased incidence of Klinefelter’s syndrome (47, XXY) in male patients with SLE, in whom the frequency...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:22

... of insulin resistance and abdominal obesity Insulin signaling Since insulin resistance is a key feature of this syndrome, a brief overview of insulin signaling is crucial to the understanding ... MetS The insulin receptor has an intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity Binding of insulin to its receptor induces both autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of tyrosine residues on insulin receptor ... Inflammatory cytokines and insulin resistance Inflammatory cytokines like tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) can induce insulin resistance and suppression of Glut4 expression by inhibiting insulin receptor...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:23

... receptor chain with high affinity (1011/M) and slow off-rate, rendering it a useful and specific inhibitor in biologic systems Common γ-chain signalling cytokines – interleukin-15 and interleukin-21 ... considerable interest Recently described interleukin-12 superfamily members – interleukin-27 and interleukin-35 This cytokine superfamily has expanded recently and is of considerable interest in inflammatory ... elevated in patients suffering from various disorders, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), asthma, septic shock, and trauma [18,19] Interleukin-33 and T1/ST2 signalling in inflammation and...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:20

... (nucleotide binding site or NACHT domain) central to the molecule, flanked by a leucine rich-repeat domain at the Cterminus and a caspase-recruitment domain and a pyrin domain at the N-terminus The ... syndromes in humans, including Mucke–Wells syndrome, chronic infantile cutaneous neurologic articular syndrome and familial cold-induced autoinflammatory syndrome [8] Fever, joint pain and systemic inflammation ... understanding and management of these disorders and has implications for future therapies in rheumatic diseases Important links and synergies are evident between TLRs and NLRs TLRs are required to induce...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:21

... to invest, and TFCs were attracted to the increasing purchasing power of the large, young and growing Mexican population (including a middle class), close proximity and rising urbanization In ... the influx of foreign brands (including many food brands), creating the incentive to promote differentiation between brands and products within and between domestic and multinational companies This ... averages around 1990 and 2001 Ii The flow of investment across borders: the role of foreign direct investment in food processing and retailing in dietary transitions Like trade, investing across borders...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 18:20

... infliximab clearance, as previously reported in SpA and inflammatory bowel diseases, and could explain the nonresponse or loss of response in some cases [14,15] Our findings argue for early and ... during infliximab initiation for ATIpos and ATIneg patients with RA and SpAa RA (n = 17) SpA (n = 91) Time after infliximab initiation ATIpos (n = 7) ATIneg (n = 10) P value ATIpos (n = 14) ATIneg ... treatment initiation and the development of ATI in a retrospective cohort with inflammatory rheumatic diseases We also studied the association of ATI, infusion-related reactions and maintenance of infliximab...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 17:22

... 15-kDa band, containing both the N- and C-terminal chains that are identical in size (band A) Activation of double-chain trypsinogen to double-chain trypsin results in the appearance of band B, ... bodies and in vitro refolding of trypsinogen was performed as described previously [11–14], in 0.9 M guanidine-HCl, 0.1 M Tris/HCl (pH 8.0), mM K-EDTA containing mM L-cystine and mM L-cysteine Refolded ... zymogen in 100 lL) were trichloroacetic acid-precipitated and analyzed by reducing SDS/PAGE (12%) and Coomassie Blue staining Bands A and B correspond to the two chains of doublechain trypsin(ogen),...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 03:20

... which was determined mainly by soil depth, stoniness and rainfall deficit Our results indicate that the information gained from soil and foliar analyses is of limited use in predicting the productivity ... developed, as occurs in adult stands of Pinus pinaster [5] and of Pinus radiata [51] in the region Nevertheless, one indirect influence of soil depth was the 515 lower productivity in the soils subjected ... thinning The levels of growth recorded in the present study were lower than those reported for a continuous forest inventory of stands in Galicia, carried out during the past 20–30 years (mainly...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 01:21

... protein kinases Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases are stress-activated serine/threonine kinases that include the p38, ERK (extracellular regulating kinase), and JNK (c-Jun-N-terminal kinase) ... kinases; JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase; MAPKAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase; MEK1/2, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases types p38 inhibitors are effective in ... extracellular regulating kinase; GPCR, G-protein coupled receptor; IL, interleukin; JAK, Janus kinase; LIGHT, lymphotoxin-related inducible ligand that competes for glycoprotein D binding to herpes...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:22

... further insights into the role of bone and bone marrow in shaping immune responses, particularly in maintaining PCs in the bone marrow niche, will open a new perspective in autoimmune diseases ... known that inflammatory diseases, including RA and ankylosing spondylitis (AS), lead to osteoporosis and increased fracture risk Data obtained in recent years have supported these concepts and have ... differentiation into mature osteoclasts, acquiring specific features such as the ruffled membrane Inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and IL-17 increase...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:22

... mediate the initial ‘tethering’ and ‘rolling’ of leukocytes whereas integrins and other CAMs are involved in firm adhesion and migration of leukocytes [1,3,8] All selectins, most integrins, and members ... carbohydrates Integrins β1 integrins Laminin, collagen, fibronectin α4β1 integrins Fibronectin, VCAM-1 β2 integrins ICAM-1, ICAM-2, ICAM-3, JAM-A β3 integrins Vitronectin, von Willebrand factor, other ... Indeed, several inflammatory and atherogenic mediators, including homocysteine, lipoprotein (a), C-reactive protein (CRP), hyperhomocysteinemia, and folate, and vitamin B12 deficiency and decreased...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 13:22

... [7] Supporting this conclusion are the clinical data indicating that drugs acting as both antidepressants and analgesics (for example, tricyclics or serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors) ... likely determined to a similar extent by genetic and environmental factors Although there have been efforts to link pain and subtle abnormalities in ANS and HPA system functioning seen in individuals ... analgesics in chronic pain conditions in patients with and without depression [8] The lack of direct overlap in the central processing of stress and pain suggests that the degree to which stress in uences...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 14:21

... also seen in Treacher Collins syndrome of cranial NCC origin in which individuals develop hypoplasia of facial bones including the maxilla and mandible, and alterations of the external and inner ... Synaptojanin-1 is an inositol phosphatase involved in synaptic vesicle recycling and endocytosis via clathrin-coated vesicles (CREMONA et al 1999) Brains from individuals with DS display an increase in ... Harmine Ameliorate Proliferation and Migration Deficits in Ts65Dn PA1 and NT Tissues In Vitro 60 5.4 EGCG and Harmine Ater Proliferation and Migration in Ts1Rhr PA1 and NT Tissues In Vitro...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2014, 11:47

... angiopoietin family is composed of four ligands (Angiopoietin1, Angiopoietin2 and Angiopoietin3/4) and two corresponding tyrosine kinase receptors (Tie1 and Tie2) Ang3 and Ang4 are orthologs found in ... many basement membrane proteins produces many antiangiogenetic fragments including angiostatin, endostatin, kininostatin, endorepellin ,restin, tumstatin and vastatin (Chen et al 2006, Jimenez ... Ang1, Ang2 and Tie2 Hypoxia induces VEGF expression in ECs and pervascular cells and regulates EC functions via autocrine and paracrine VEGF signaling It is very interesting to note that intracellular...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2014, 11:59

... biological factors The induction of stress-induced intracellular signals, catabolic cytokines, including interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factoralpha (TNF-α), chemokines, and other inflammatory ... protein kinases are involved in these responses, including protein kinase Cζ, which is upregulated in OA cartilage and is required for activation of NF-κB by IL-1 and TNF-α [113] However, it remains ... chronic inflammation exists, as in RA Conclusions Laboratory investigations in vitro and in vivo regarding the role of the chondrocyte in remodeling the cartilage matrix in the RA and OA joint have...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:22

... Heliovaara M: Incidence and prevalence of ankylosing spondylitis in Finland J Rheumatol 1997, 24:496-499 97 Bakland G, Nossent HC, Gran JT: Incidence and prevalence of ankylosing spondylitis in Northern ... explain a proportion of the observed increase in infections Before the methotrexate and anti-TNF era, studies showed a general increase in mortality due to infection in RA patients [152-155] In ... epidemiological research in understanding these intriguing conditions Competing interests 13 14 15 16 The authors declare that they have no competing interests Additional file The following Additional...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:20

... nutrition in elderly individuals who lived in institutional care settings in Finland were investigated LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 DIET IN ELDERLY POPULATIONS Diet and lifestyle over a whole life in uence ... is increasing in numbers most rapidly (Statistics Finland) Biological aging and disablement processes occur continuously and varies between individuals Many factors affect individual aging and ... 2002; Wenland et al, 2003) Because of the declining need for energy in aging people, the intakes of protein and micronutrients also decrease, and the quality of diet is difficult to maintain Dietary...

Ngày tải lên: 13/02/2014, 18:20

... contribute to hyperinsulinemia, such as refined sugar, foods containing refined sugar, and refined flour products should be avoided and eliminated from a cancer protective diet Low Fiber Unrefined plant ... decrease in genomic methylation and a 105% increase in uracil incorporation, both changes that could increase risk of carcinogenesis In two prospective studies (one in Washington Country, Maryland and ... eggs, and meat all have this in common – they contain no fiber Refined grain products also have most of the dietary fiber removed from them So, a diet high in animal products and refined grains...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 02:21

... vaccinations and hearing and sight examinations in all 13 countries; school feeding in 12 (92%) countries; and dengue prevention in 11 (85%) countries (see Table 8) Vaccinations and hearing and ... health and nutrition services • All 13 countries, to varying degrees, are involved in providing health and nutrition services to school-age children and teachers Vaccinations and hearing and sight ... Skills-based health education: including curriculum development, life skills training, teaching and learning materials School-based health and nutrition services: including deworming, micronutrient supplementation,...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 20:20

... overweight/obesity, limiting alcohol intake and increasing physical activity will reduce cancer risk, as will limiting consumption of Chinese-style salted fish and minimising dietary exposure to aflatoxin in populations ... these dietary factors are important Risk will probably be decreased by increasing the average intake of fruits and Diet, nutrition and cancer Table Diet, nutrition and cancer: recommendations Maintain ... Taylor PR, et al Nutrition intervention trials in Linxian, China: supplementation with specific vitamin/ mineral combinations, cancer incidence, and diseasespecific mortality in the general population...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 01:20