numerous micrornas are involved in human cancer

... protein kinase C, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, and tyrosine phosphorylation are involved in carbachol-induced phospholipase D activation in Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing ... To determine whether PLC activity or G-protein-mediated signaling was involved in EGCG-induced PLD activation in U87 cells, we examined the effects of pertussis toxin and the phosphoinositide-specific ... pathway in many cell types [36], and the inhibitor attenuated EGCG-induced increases in PLD activity, PLC probably regulates PLD through stimulation of this kinase Interestingly, the increase in PLD...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 16:20

... Sp1 and Sp3 is involved in the PMA-mediated up-regulation of DNase II expression In addition to an increase in protein levels, Sp1 may regulate gene expression by changing DNA binding affinity or ... mediate the PMA-induced transcription of lysosomal acid lipase and acid sphingomyelinase in THP-1 cells In this study, we show that Sp1 is involved in PMA-induced expression of DNase II in HL-60 cells ... anti-Sp3 IgG, indicating they contain proteins other than Sp1 or Sp3 It is not clear whether these unknown factors interact with Sp1 or Sp3, facilitating their binding to GC-I and enhancing their...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 17:21

... A431 human epithelial carcinoma MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer MIA PaCa-2 human pancreatic cancer UXF1138L human uterine carcinoma M14, LP, LM melanoma RHPS4b CG5 breast carcinoma Quarfloxin Quarfloxin ... selective inhibition of cell growth, with normal human cell lines being relatively unaffected; (d) senescence; (e) inhibition of telomerase activity in cells; (f) competitive inhibition of hPOT1 binding ... [30,31] This was indeed the observation in dominant-negative telomerase transfection experiments, but would be therapeutically challenging for human cancer treatment Initial findings using G-quadruplex...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 09:22

... with human eIF4B [30] Schizosaccharomyces pombe SCE3 encodes an RNA-binding protein involved in cell division which has been found to share high sequence similarity with human eIF4B [31] In Drosophila, ... Dm-eIF4B-L in Drosophila cell cultures and in developing tissues provided interesting insights into the function of eIF4B In mammalian cell cultures, a 50-fold overexpression of eIF4B resulted in the inhibition ... obtained for the first cistron in the absence of cap inhibitor This indicated that the Ubx IRES is indeed driving internal initiation of the second cistron in our in vitro translational system...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 15:20

... bacteriophora, GenBank: BM883827.1) *Residues involved in glutathione binding site #Residues involved in dimer interface GSTK-1 and GSTK-2 are localized in peroxisomes and mitochondria, respectively ... specifically involved in the b-oxidation of fatty acids, either through its catalytic activity, a certain transport function or interaction with other proteins Interestingly, its role in adiponectin regulation ... increased during morphogenesis of the embryo Fluorescence was observed as strong punctate staining in intestinal cells and in the epidermis The number and intensity of fluorescent structures increased...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 03:20

... tryptophan in binding site II and an aromatic residue (mainly tryptophan or tyrosine) in binding site I [22] We have shown that the tryptophan residue involved in binding site II is conserved in the ... obtained in the pull-down assays, showing that there is a physical interaction between the N- and C-terminal domains of SSIII in vitro Mapping of the CD-binding region in the N-terminal SBDs In ... domains are indicated by arrows Stars indicate the positions of W366 and Y394 D(316–344) and D(495–535) regions are indicated in bold type D3 [D(495–535)], which are involved in the SBD–CD interaction...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 21:20

... taken (inset) The arrowhead in the inset indicates COMP staining (f) At gw 12, COMP staining is found in the outer regions of the diaphysis and is mainly pericellular (inset) Bars = 70 µm in (f), ... reducing and denaturing conditions Protein separation was performed applying SDS-PAGE and using systems containing 6% acrylamide in stacking gels and 12% in the separation gel Tris-glycine was ... 4a) In OA cartilage taken from the area adjacent to the main defect from patients in the late stages of OA, an increase in staining intensity was found in the pericellular space (Figure 4b) In...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 07:20

... response in vivo in C elegans and in vitro in human breast cancer cells Oncogene 2009, 28:2419-2424 12 Maes OC, An J, Sarojini H, Wu HL, Wang E: Changes in MicroRNA Expression Patterns in Human ... significant changes in microRNA expression patterns in different cancer cell lines These changes might well influence the clinical outcome, since the expression of microRNAs, which are known to regulate ... on radiation sensitivity in A549 lung cancer cells [10] Let-7 family members are down-regulated in lung cancer cells [9] which possibly increases cell growth by increasing KRAS levels [22] Over-expression...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:20

... cells In contrast, repeated feeding of a low dose of antigen favors the induction of active immune regulation involving regulatory T cells, including transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ)-producing ... various immune cells involved in the induction of oral tolerance, dendritic cells (DCs) may play a major role in linking orally administered antigen to antigen-specific tolerance DCs are professional ... Murine macrophages and DCs expressing IDO inhibit T-cell proliferation or induce T-cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo [17] Munn and colleagues reported that plasmacytoid DCs in tumor-draining...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:22

... Oxaliplatin and Irinotecan in human colon cancer cell lines The combined drug effect of a parallel exposure to FWGE and either 5-FU, irinotecan or oxaliplatin was assessed in a panel of colon cancer ... drug interaction of FWGE with irinotecan, oxaliplatin and 5-FU These data are in line with a previous clinical report of Jakab et al They observed in their study with colon cancer patients an increased ... antitumor properties Human tumor cell lines or human tumor xenografts commonly serve as models for preclinical drug screening Still, care has to be taken in the interpretation of results since their positive...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 10:21

... those induced in WT by HL treatment, including upregulation of several distinct genes encoding transcription factors, heat shock proteins, DnaJ proteins as well as antioxidant and redox proteins, ... the H 2O levels in the leaves of the DnaJ mutants and WT were detected using DAB (diaminobenzidine) as a substrate Notably, the staining intensity and accordingly the level of H2O2 in the DnaJ mutants ... protein, as a response to environmental light intensity changes as compared to WT (Figure 8D) Discussion The DnaJ proteins assist the Hsp70 chaperone proteins, participating in protein folding,...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:21

... kinases in controlling microbial infection are the findings that pathogenic strains of various bacteria block inflammatory mediator production through inhibition of MAP kinases [21-23] Following ... mM Herbimycin A inhibits nitric oxide production induced by BCG and SP-A-BCG complexes Activation of intracellular protein tyrosine kinases is a common pathway involved in signalling induced by ... bacillus Calmette-Guerin; (PTK): protein tyrosine kinase; (ERK): extracellular signal regulated kinase; (MAP kinase): mitogen-activated protein kinase; (JNK): c-Jun amino terminal kinase; (LPS): lipopolysaccharide;...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 14:20

... decrease in cell viability by targeting stathmin According to this link between miR-223 and stathmin, the observed downregulation of miR-223 in our study could potentially be involved in HTLV-1 ... might be involved in suppressing translation of SMAD5 or TP53INP1 even further Experiments to test this hypothesis are currently ongoing In summary, it might be worthwhile to re-examine genes ... mRNA might help avoiding such conflicting data Interestingly, two targets ascribed to miR-155, SMAD5 [53] and TP53INP1 [54], came up in our analysis as having predicted binding sites for all four...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:21

... the increased metabolic activity of cancer cells, and chromatin remodeling (ACTL6A, SMARCC1), indicating that epigenetic mechanisms may be involved in the maintenance of an embryonic phenotype in ... Besides stimulating proliferation, serum exposure induces a wound healing response in fibroblasts, involving the activation of genes that play a role in intercellular signaling and remodeling of the ... Consensus genes in group mainly map to late development and are involved in antigen processing (HLA-C, TAP1), extracellular matrix remodeling (MMP7), proteolysis (PPGB), and cytokine signaling (IL7R)...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:22

... eIF4E binding protein beclin-1-regulated autophagy AMP activated protein kinase artesunate bafilomycin A1 Bax-interacting factor big mitogen-activated protein kinase bovine serum albumin cycloheximide ... regulatory-associated protein of mTOR rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR reactive oxygen species Beclin-1 interacting and cystein-rich containing S6 kinase Small interfering RNA soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive ... assembly site phosphate buffer saline phosphoinositide-dependent kinase phosphatidylethanolamine paraformaldehyde phosphoinositide 3- kinase protein kinase B protein kinase C proximity ligation assay...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 08:16

... 1.2 Incidence of cancers in Singapore Both tables were taken from the Singapore Cancer Registry Interim Report 13 Section Introduction Figure 1.6 Figure 1.6 Ten most prevalent cancers in Singapore ... roles in cellular process, and perhaps involve in shaping human diseases including malignancies Hence, it is important to systematically identify low abundance genes that are altered in human ... according to projections carried out by WHO in year 2006 12 Section Introduction Table 1.2a Incidence of cancers by gender in five-year period Singapore, 1968-2002 Table 1.2b Incidence of cancers...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2015, 09:59

... JAB Janus kinase binding protein JAKs Janus protein-tyrosine kinases JNK c-Jun N-terminal kinases MAPK mitogen activated protein kinase xiv MAPKK mitogen activated protein kinase kinase MAPKKK ... hydrogen peroxide HIV human immunodeficiency virus IAPs inhibitor of apoptosis proteins IL Interleukin Iκ B NF-κB inhibitory protein IKK IκB kinase INF-γ interferon-γ iNOS inducible nitric oxide ... resistance to doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity in cancer cells 4.3.5 Andro enhances doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in human cancer cells 123 127 4.3.6 Andro sensitizes doxorubicin-induced apoptosis...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 14:11

... as a new binding partner for integrinlinked kinase (ILK), which is also an adaptor within integrin-associated cytoskeletal complexes implicated in integrin-mediated signaling (Mackinnon et al., ... consequently integrins in mammalian cells (Tu et al., 2003) 1.3.2 Integrin signaling pathway in cell growth control Integrins are cell surface receptors connecting cells to the surrounding ECM They ... in patients with Kindler syndrome, an autosomal recessive skin disorder They therefore defined a family of kindlin-related proteins namely Kindlin-1, Kindlin-2 (mig-2) and Kindlin-3 (Siegel et...

Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2015, 22:15

... category Integrins act as a relay machine by transmitting extracellular signals into activation of intracellular signaling processes Integrins are able to bind to many ECM molecules, causing the ... which results in the development of colon cancer The remaining 15% of colon cancer cases not involve APC mutation and are often found to have activating mutation in β-catenin These cases are also ... steps in the metastatic cascade are well defined, there remains a poor understanding of the underlying basic mechanisms involved Section 1.4 will provide greater insights into understanding the...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2015, 10:02

... Emerging roles of microRNAs as molecular switches in the integrated circuit of the cancer cell RNA 2009, 15:1443-1461 Calin GA, Croce CM: MicroRNA -cancer connection: the beginning of a new tale Cancer ... let-7 in adult erythroid cells We speculate that let-7 or other differentially expressed miRNA are involved in the hemoglobin switching phenomenon Alternatively, the increased let-7 expression in ... composed with four globin chains; two of alpha chains (α1, α2, ζ, μ, and θ) and two of beta chains (β, δ, G-γ, A-γ, and ε) Each globin molecule binds one heme molecule [10] In humans and other large...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 15:20