niti shape memory alloys promising materials in orthopedic applications

... detwinning in shape- memory alloys With the increasing application of SMAs using shape- memory effect, the characterization of martensitic reorientation and detwinning has become crucial in determining ... being initially in the fully martensite Variant and Variant state, respectively These two simulations used the same initially-undeformed mesh for the first three point bending simulation (initially ... deformation in the martensite proceeds by the growth of one variant at the expense of the other (i.e twinning or detwinning), (e) single variant martensite at the ending of detwinning Upon heating to...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2015, 08:19

... Section Applications 213 Chapter Applications of SMA Bundles in Practical Concrete Structures 215 Lei Li, Qingbin Li and Fan Zhang Chapter 10 NiTi Shape Memory Alloys, Promising Materials in Orthopedic ... (Rsc and Rfc are found to increase with increasing annealing temperature) Ms and Mf increase with increasing final annealing temperature till 600 °C For the final annealing temperature of 800 °C, ... alloy, with increase in annealing 12 Shape Memory Alloys – Processing, Characterization and Applications temperature, a unique discontinuous behavior is observed With increase of annealing temperature...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 23:20

... after unloading, (f) after heating, and (g) after cooling 12 Shape Memory Alloys Fig 10 Stress–strain relation during loading, unloading, heating, and cooling for Model A Concluding Remarks ... Fig Stress–strain relation during loading, unloading, heating, and cooling Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Shape- memory Behavior Fig Stress–strain curves during loading and unloading for larger ... Qian Chapter Joining of shape memory alloys 183 Odd M Akselsen Preface The Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) represent a unique material class exhibiting peculiar properties like the shape memory effect,...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 14:20

... Piezoelectric: chuyển đổi lực học thành điện ngược lại.(Piezo-electric materials) • Shape memory: trở hình dạng ban đầu sau bị biến dạng (Shape memory) • Thermochromic: thay đổi màu sắc đáp ứng với thay ... Shape memory alloy (SMA) Lịch Sử hình thành • Lịch sử SMA năm 1961 William J Buehler, nhà nghiên cứu Naval Ordnance Laboratory, phát hiệu ứng nhớ hình hợp kim Nitinol (Nickel Titanium) ... Austenite sang Martensite xảy làm lạnh Chế Tạo • Có nhiều cách để chế tạo nitinol: – Nấu chảy chân không (vacuum melting): nấu chảy dòng electron, nấu chảy hồ quang chân không, nấu chảy cảm ứng...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2015, 22:33

... modeling of materials is in developing approaches which tie material information at different length scales in a consistent manner In materials undergoing phase transitions such as shape memory alloys, ... The heating curve is shown using a solid line and cooling curve is shown using dashed line 37 2.11 Heating path is shown using solid line and the cooling path is shown using dashed line ... 42 2.16 (a) Plot of the strain of each atom in the chain during shape memory effect simulation cycle (b) Plot of cumulative strain of the chain during shape memory effect simulation cycle ...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 14:08

... layer in SONOS memory devices in order to increase the programming speed without reducing the tunnel oxide thickness By using HfO2 instead of Si3N4 in the SONOS device structures, faster programming ... devices in the erase mode: (a) Comparing SiO2 (solid lines) and high-κ (e.g., Al2O3) (dashed lines) blocking oxide layers, and (b) Comparing Al2O3 (solid lines) and HfO2 (dashed lines) blocking oxide ... constraint of the MIMIS cell, two approaches are possible: (1) replacing the conducting charge trapping layer with an 10 insulating one, or (2) increasing the tunnel dielectric thickness and employing...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:38

... procedure's linkage section is made as a segment within that process In certain cases the linkage sections of several procedures are combined into a single linkage segment private to the process Linking ... placing it in main memory when needed Thus the generalized address is a location-independent means of identifying information In Communications of the ACM 307 tile following paragraphs we explain ... entry point in the called procedure segment Thus in establishing the link for an external procedure call, the generalized indirect address placed in the calling procedure's link data points to...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2012, 15:05

... thermally induced shape- memory effect: (a) physically crosslinked polymer network with phasesegregated domains having a crystalline or semicrystalline switching phase, (b) covalently crosslinked ... that was applied in the programming procedure εl − εp(N − 1) during the following shape- memory transition For this purpose, the strain that was applied during the programming step in the Nth cycle ... with increasing crosslinking density 8.3.2 Covalent Networks with Amorphous Switching Domains, Ttrans = Tg In covalently crosslinked polymer networks, the general parameters for controlling the shape- memory...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 08:20

... on joining medium-carbon steel and austenitic-stainless steel with friction welding Sahin [13, 14] stud ied joining austenitic-stainless steel with friction welding Rhodes et al [15] examined ... parameters in the friction welding method [2] In practice, friction welding is classified in two ways; continuous drive friction welding and inertia friction welding [3, 4] In the continuous drive ... Welding of Me dium Carbon and Austenitic Stainless Steel Components Industial Lubrication & Tri bology, 56(2), 122-129 [13] Sahin, M (2005) An Investigation into Joining of Austenitic-Stainless...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 21:21

... factors influencing the as-pressed microstructures including the total strain imposed in ECAP processing, the processing routes and the nature of materials are examined in detail 3.1 Experimental materials ... complex information on the creep behaviour of these aluminium alloys in their ultrafine-grained states Equal-Channel Angular Pressing and Creep in Ultrafine-Grained Aluminium and Its Alloys http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/51242 ... considerable changes in the creep properties in bulk Equal-Channel Angular Pressing and Creep in Ultrafine-Grained Aluminium and Its Alloys http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/51242 UFG materials including a decrease...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 21:21

... coating being a primary determinant of toxicity.94 3.67 The recent discovery of genetic variants in proteins that are involved in maintaining skin barrier function, such as those encoded in a cluster ... nanomaterials both in the laboratory and in situ.69 For example, we were told that the metal-binding protein metallothionein responds to the presence of cadmium-containing nanomaterials, signalling their ... brake linings, and from clothes containing nanofibres that may be abraded during wearing and washing 3.15 Microscale and, almost certainly, nanoscale fragments of plastic in sediment resulting from...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 16:20

... State from maintaining or introducing more stringent protection measures compatible with the EC Treaty, in the field of working conditions and in social policy, in order to attain a high level ... explore in more depth several dimensions of these innovations: the wording of essential EU law principles such as the principle of primacy (Chapter 4), the transformation into a legally binding instrument ... European University Institute in Florence from January to March 2005 Edward Elgar Publishing showed interest in publishing the materials we used in the framework of this seminar to prompt discussion...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 03:20

... the skin, even untrapped in inaccessible sites Spray rinsing at several points along the processing line is an effective means of minimising contamination but is not so effective especially in exposed ... resulting from the use of chlorine dioxide Chlorite and chlorate formation increase (in a ratio of 7:3) with increasing concentration of chlorine dioxide and increased treatment time Chlorine dioxide ... chlorine dioxide with 21 amino acids but only of the amino acids reacted Amino acids that showed positive reaction with chlorine dioxide contain sulphur or an aromatic ring in their structures Amino...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 10:20

... was having trouble maintaining discipline in his classes The Porch, a way of disciplining children by isolating them in the classroom, had worked in Houston but not in the Bronx, and Levin stopped ... grinding and the engine stalling, grinding and stalling, as they lurched down Reseda Boulevard In planning their days at the institute, Levin and Feinberg agreed that the afternoon courses in ... While teaching a lesson, he was always moving, talking, asking questions, keeping everyone on top of what was going on Levin was making some progress in the classroom He was turning into an exceptional...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 13:48

... and for installation of monitoring wells Other innovative drilling technologies include sonic drilling, which minimizes hazardous waste materials extracted during drilling while maintaining the ... (i.e., gaining an understanding of the processes and techniques that are useful for containing and for cleaning up contaminated sites); and 3) improvements in the way information gained from ... these contaminants (i.e., gaining an understanding of the nature of different environments, including processes that affect contaminants); 2) improvements in methods for remediating contaminated sites...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 01:20

... manufacturing (ii) power-generating (iii) mining and construction, and (iv) food processing industries (Mc Kinney and Schoch 2003) Manufacturing industries like chemical, oil refining, steel ... boiling or placing hot metal instruments in water before drinking it to filtering that water through crude sand or charcoal filters These writings suggest that the major motive in purifying water ... (Rao 2001) The mining and construction industries are major contributors of sediment and acid drainage There are basically four main types of mining impacts on water quality (Mining and Water Pollution...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 21:20

... material inhomogeneities (initiation step I in Fig ) or flow independent cracking and spalling of scales (e.g due to intrinsic compressive growth stresses [2,7,8] (initiation step type in Fig 2), ... function in various ways, e.g by preparing reports, organising symposia, conducting intensive courses and producing instructional material, including films The activities of the Working Parties ... Paper 42 investigates the corrosion inhibiting effect of different types of diamine molecules, showing that the carbon chain length influences the reduction in corrosion rate and helping to establish...

Ngày tải lên: 02/04/2014, 15:46

... Surface-initiated Polymerization Using Living Ionic Polymerization 413 Surface-initiated Polymerization Using Living Anionic Polymerization 414 Surface-initiated Polymerization Using Living Carbocationic ... data obtained can be misleading or misinterpreted Two major processes must be distinguished Firstly swelling occurs when a solvent interacts with entangled polymer chains, initially in the solid ... change depending on the degree of interaction between the solvent and the resin and the nature of the resin, in particular its degree of cross-linking Highly cross-linked porous resins may display...

Ngày tải lên: 03/04/2014, 12:15

... protein adsorption Molecular imaging is providing increasing power to studies of animal models of disease and is beginning to be used in clinical investigations as a non-invasive means of monitoring ... encapsulated in a silica shell (~50 nm in diameter) has been reported (Yi et al., 2005) These materials have potential in combining targeting, bioimaging, biolabelling, and biosensing applications enabling ... (Loo et al., 2005) in cell studies in vitro In addition, promising results have been obtained using dendrimer-based nanoplatforms as effective treatment in a murine model in vivo (Kukowska-Latallo...

Ngày tải lên: 28/05/2014, 14:35

... 2.8 Integrated Sampling Pump The VRAE multi gas monitor includes an integrated sampling pump This is a diaphragm pump providing 400 cc per minute flow rate at the high setting Connecting a 1/4 inch ... responsibility for using, maintaining, or servicing this product The product will perform as designed only if it is used, maintained, and serviced in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions CAUTION!! ... can be stored for each sensor during each datalogging interval The datalogging interval can be programmed from one second to 60 minutes in one second increment In addition, time stamp, user ID,...

Ngày tải lên: 28/05/2014, 14:35