molecular determinants of drug resistance and targets for anticancer therapies

... necessary should the rate of emergence of resistance and the impact of such mutations turn out to be clinically relevant for therapy management Molecular Mechanisms of Drug Resistance HBV is a small ... resistance in vitro and molecular mechanisms of nucleoside resistance Semin Liver Dis 2002;22:23-31 21 Doo E, Liang TJ Molecular anatomy and pathophysiologic implications of drug resistance in hepatitis ... affected, and will rise with a variable delay with respect to the onset and progression of resistance (Figure 4) Therefore, the combined use of a genotyping assay for polymerase mutant detection and...

Ngày tải lên: 03/11/2012, 09:41

... structural information about the binding pocket of CtCBM11 and identify which atoms of the ligand and of CtCBM11 interact preferentially Calculations were performed with cellobiose, cellotetraose and ... obtain information on the bound carbohydrate 2526 The identification and mapping of the ligand epitopes (i.e atoms of the ligand that are closer to the protein when the complex is formed) was performed ... pocket site of CtCBM11 and, in particular, the identification of the atoms of the ligand that are closer to the protein when the complex is formed The ligands cellobiose, cellotetraose and cellohexaose...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 17:20

... consisted of 30 cycles of 94°C for min., 58°C for and 72°C for MSV F &MSVR : PCR conditions consisted of 30 cycles of 94°C for min, 59°C for and 72°C for mins C1F &C2R: PCR conditions consisted of 94°C ... PCR conditions consisted of 30 cycles of 94°C for min, 58°C for and 72°C for mins JSP001 &JSP002: PCR conditions consisted of 30 cycles of 94°C for min, 45°C for and 72°C for mins Uni F &Uni R: ... consisted of 94°C for 10 mins followed by 35 cycles of 94°C for 30 secs., 60°C for and 72°C for 1.5 mins followed and extension of mins at 72°C AC1F &AC1R : PCR conditions consisted 94°C of mins followed...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... consisted of 30 cycles of 94°C for min., 58°C for and 72°C for MSV F &MSVR : PCR conditions consisted of 30 cycles of 94°C for min, 59°C for and 72°C for mins C1F &C2R: PCR conditions consisted of 94°C ... PCR conditions consisted of 30 cycles of 94°C for min, 58°C for and 72°C for mins JSP001 &JSP002: PCR conditions consisted of 30 cycles of 94°C for min, 45°C for and 72°C for mins Uni F &Uni R: ... consisted of 94°C for 10 mins followed by 35 cycles of 94°C for 30 secs., 60°C for and 72°C for 1.5 mins followed and extension of mins at 72°C AC1F &AC1R : PCR conditions consisted 94°C of mins followed...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20

... treatment failure and accompanying resistance are of concern with regard to the risk of disease progression and potential transmission of drug resistant virus to partners The aim of this study was ... interpretations of genotyping data and subtyping were performed using Smartgene™ HIV software packages (Integrated Database Network System, Smartgene, Zug, Switzerland) Selection of drug resistance ... attempted for all 19 participants with a detectable viral load and was successful for PR in 17 Page of (page number not for citation purposes) AIDS Research and Therapy 2009, 6:12 (89.5%) and for RT...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:21

... (Table 2) Drug use and sexual behaviors Of the participants, 79.1% had used illicit drugs >5 years; 79.1% injected drugs for ≥ years; and 51.0% reported a history of sharing needles and/ or syringes ... provided drugs for sex and only 12.5% of them reported using condoms consistently 29.1% provided sex for money or drugs and none of them reported using condoms consistently (Table 2) Prevalence of ... provided sex for money or drugs in the last year No Yes No of sex partners for money or drugs in the last year >1 Condom use during sex for money or drugs in the sex act Yes No Frequency of condom...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 18:20

... genotypes 1b, and F43 seems to be important for resistance development at V36 and T54 and has a conservation of 100% L44 was found to be involved in mechanisms of drug resistance at T54 and showed ... assignment for 1DY8 is illustrated at the top of the alignment with curled lines for α-helices and arrows for β-strands The catalytic triad consisting of H57, D81 and S139 and a zinc finger formed ... IA performed MD analysis and ligand docking CH performed rotamer analysis and ligand docking GM and AS performed analysis of residue interaction networks CS conceived experiments MA, SZ and TL...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 08:20

... ST+ drugs and 239 ST- drugs, 103 TdP+ drugs and 157 TdP- drugs were retained For study of serious psychiatric ADRs, 321 and 169 drugs were identified PADR- and PADR- respectively All the information ... could provide another source of molecular information Therefore, the addition of biological information could address the second issue of lack of descriptors and is useful for predictive toxicity ... complex, time consuming and resource intensive Toxicity is one of the primary reasons for the failure of drug candidates in later stages of drug development Moreover, adverse drug reaction (ADR)...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:02

... extensively used for conveying meaning and are particularly useful for teaching concrete items of vocabulary such as food or furniture, and certain areas of vocabulary such as places, professions, ... descriptions of people, actions and activities (such as sports and verbs of movements) They often lend them selves easily to practice activities involving students' interaction For example, a set of pictures ... aspects of the language system Understanding the nature and significance of vocabulary knowledge in a second language therefore needs to play a much more centre role in the knowledge base of the...

Ngày tải lên: 07/09/2013, 13:45

... contribution of this strategy to the development of plants with biofarming potential in the frame of a high demand of natural and ecologically accepted sources of renewable compounds and materials ... upon the activation of cascades of molecular networks involved in stress perception, signal transduction, and the expression of specific stress-related genes and metabolites Therefore, responses to ... organelles and also explored the possibility of intein-mediated protein trans-splicing for limiting the environmental impact of herbicide resistance, by separating parts of the gene in plastid and nuclear...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 05:20

... glyphosate and the molecular basis for glyphosate resistance Structure and function of EPSPS EPSPS catalyzes the transfer of the enolpyruvyl moiety of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to the 5-hydroxyl of shikimate ... FEBS 2755 Mechanisms of glyphosate resistance L Pollegioni et al Fig Molecular mode of action of glyphosate and the structural basis for glyphosate resistance (A) In its ligand-free state, EPSPS ... different conformations of the main chain of the a2–a3 loop, see arrows [49] For the sake of clarity, only the FAD and the ligand belonging to the wild-type GO structure are shown, and Arg329 is...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 14:20

... topics of neurobiological study of Alzheimer’s disease include the unraveling of the molecular mechanisms of neurofibrillary tangle formation in neuronal and glial cells; the molecular processing of ... for each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/ or infrequently employed drug ... recommendations and practice at the time of publication However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions,...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 17:20

... Hence, AtdA1 and AtdA3 are critical for the activity of the enzyme and provide good starting points for the study of the molecular determinants of the substrate specificity and activity of AtdA FEBS ... polymerase, and water to a final volume of 20 lL The PCR program consisted of 94 °C for min, 10 cycles of 94 °C for min, 55 °C for 1.5 min, and 72 °C for min, and a final extension for 10 at 72 ... polymerase and Pfu Turbo DNA polymerase, and water to a final volume of 100 lL The PCR program consisted of 94 °C for min, 25 cycles of 94 °C for 45 s, 50 °C for 45 s, and 72 °C for min, and a final...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 02:20

Ngày tải lên: 23/02/2014, 02:20

... necessary The recognition and effective utilization of women as resources for drug prevention and treatment can therefore improve efforts to reduce both the supply of and demand for drugs 123 Indeed, ... workforce that is impaired by large-scale drug abuse The effect of drugs on productivity is a function of the type and quantities of drugs consumed, as well as of the performance requirements of ... Annex III for specific dates and magnitudes), cases of SARM increased by a factor of in Germany and Spain, and a factor of approximately in Austria, Belgium, Italy and Switzerland In France and the...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 06:20

... the elevators and escalators and stairs and ramps, the cashier lines and teller lines and counter lines and restroom lines, and every inch of every aisle-in short,· every nook and cranny from ... day the year before, and sales within the various regions, and profitability by item and category and store and maybe even phase of the moon He knows all that When I asked how many of the people ... a plethora of magazines catering to each little special interest, a World Wide Web of infinitely expanding sites we can visit for information and entertainment, and a shrinking base of daily newspaper...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 15:16

... http://www.theiia.org/guidance/standards -and- practices/professional-practicesframework/definition -of- internal-auditing/ Institute of Internal Auditors (IIA) 2007 Standards for the Professional Practice of Internal Auditing http://www.theiia.org/guidance/standards -and- practices/ professional-practices-framework/standards/ ... and processes Fraser and Henry (2007) undertook a series of interviews of the finance director, the audit committee chair, and, where applicable, the head of internal audit and the director of ... a low of 15% to a high of 69% of internal audit activities Paape, Scheffe and Snoep (2003) found that 64% of respondents to their survey of Anderson (2003) provides a general discussion of research...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 23:20

... the yeast and amebal PGKs 3D predicted model of EhPGK Predicted 3D structures of the EhPGK were obtained by means of modeller software (see Fig S1 for details on these models) and molecular operating ... EhPGK, and green refers to pig PGK and EhPGK Thus, in order to determine the role of Y239, E309 and V311 on the GDP ⁄ GTP preference of EhPGK, the single mutants Y239F, E309M, E309Q and V311L, and ... parameters in the forward reaction The Vm, Km and catalytic efficiency (Vm ⁄ Km) values for nucleotides were determined in the forward and reverse reactions for the wild-type and the five EhPGK...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 01:20

... acid sequence and mass of the PLA and 3FTx were predicted from the cDNA sequences, matched with those of the purified KBf venom proteins as well as PLA and 3FTx isoforms reported for pooled Bf ... substantial amount of the oxidized form (13 019 Da) Fig Gel filtration of crude venoms of two KBf (samples and 2) Venom powder (15–20 mg) of KBf was dissolved in 200 lL of deionized water and loaded onto ... gradient of buffer B for 25 min; for (C) and (C¢), the elution started with 15% buffer B for followed by a linear gradient of buffer B for 25 min, flow rate was 1.0 mLÆmin)1 Venom protein PLAs and...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 12:20

... also at the forefront of efforts to understand and to help governments respond to new developments and concerns, such as corporate governance, the information economy, and the challenges of an ageing ... system in a reform of 1998 The objective of this report is to analyse the experience of the reform of the system of economic instruments for environmental protection in Armenia and to make recommendations ... recommendations26 and assess the reform of the Armenian system of economic instruments of environmental policy against them 5.1.1 Reduction of the Number of Chargeable Pollutants One of the main reform recommendations...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 00:20