molecular analysis of complement component c4 gene copy number

... distribution of copy number for total C4, C4 isotypes as well as C4 polymorphisms did not associate with the occurrence of myxedema (Table 3) The distribution of copy number for total C4, C4 isotypes ... software (Applied Biosystems) The CT value of RNase P, C4A or C4B was converted into a raw gene dosage by the formula nRAWC4X = (CTRNase P)-(CTC4X)+1 , where C4X referred to C4A or C4B Page of ... Fc portion of an antibody or C-reactive protein with C1q It has been shown that the copy number of C4, C4A or C4B positively correlated with the protein levels of total C4, C4A or C4B, respectively...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 10:20

... al., 2002) 1.1.3 Mechanisms of gene silencing 1.1.3.1 Genes conserved in the gene silencing pathway Through genetic screening of PTGS defective mutants, several sets of genes required for PTGS have ... HCRSV CP changes the accumulation of gene silencing related genes 122 4.4 Discussion 126 4.4.1 Transgene-expressed CP suppresses genetic and epigenetic gene silencing 126 4.4.2 How ... underlying mechanisms of gene silencing and related silencing responses Virus-encoded gene silencing suppressors offered an excellent tool for dissection of the gene silencing process Gene silencing...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 08:31

... MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF THE GENE LAS17 MEDIATING T-DNA TRAFFICKING IN YEAST CELLS HARIPRIYA BATHULA (B.pharm, M.Tech) A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL ... course of my research programme at the National University of Singapore i TABLE OF CONTENT Pages Acknowledgements i Table of contents ii Summary v List of Tables vi List of Figures vii List of Abbreviations ... 2.7.1 Fluorescent microscopy 34 2.7.2 Confocal microscopy 34 CHAPTER Results and Discussion 3.1 The role of Las17 gene in Agrobacterium-yeast gene transfer 36 3.2 The effect of Las17 knock-out mutation...

Ngày tải lên: 13/10/2015, 16:50

... MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE OF A YEAST POTASSIUM TRANSPORT COMPONENT TRK1 IN AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION NGUYEN CONG HUONG (B.Sc.) A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ... 1.1 Overview of Agrobacterium-Eukaryote gene transfer 1.1.1 Agrobacterium-plant gene transfer 1.1.2 Agrobacterium-yeast gene transfer 1.2 The general process of A tumefaciens ... Agrobacteriumeukaryote gene transfer Many proteins, genes involved have been identified in bacteria and host cells Better understanding of molecular basis of Agrobacterium-eukaryote gene transfer can...

Ngày tải lên: 16/10/2015, 11:57

... regulation of cardosin B gene expression Comparison of the leader intron of the cardosin B gene with pistil-specific genes revealed the presence of putative regulatory elements A region of SLG13, a gene ... region of the cardosin B gene (from ) 147 bp to + 238 bp).The 529 bp of the promoter region of the cardosin A gene that is relevant for gene expression in Arabidopsis and the corresponding region of ... specificity (B) RT-PCR analysis of cardosin genes, using the corresponding gene- specific primer pairs The actin gene of A thaliana was used as an amplification positive control CC, pistils of closed capitulum;...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 09:20

... motif of cardosin A is located at the surface of the protein [4], as seen in other structures of biologically active proteins [32,33] However, a careful examination of the X-ray structure of cardosin ... the tip of a loop protruding away from the core of the protein This amino-acid motif mimics RGD in terms of charge and is positioned at the tip of a loop and is therefore reminiscent of RGD sequences ... different combinations of degenerate primers encoding amino-acid sequences determined by MS ⁄ MS (Table 1) were used to PCRamplify internal fragments of the cDNA The nature of the fragments was...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 11:20

... methylation analysis is also provided by this volume The analysis of gene expression represents a key area of research in the study of human cancer and a number of chapters in Molecular Analysis of Cancer ... comprehensive analysis of tumor metaphases, a combination of molecular cytogenetic methods and banding techniques is advocated 1.3 Applications of SKY The usefulness of SKY for cancer cytogenetics, of hematologic ... ZEUTHEN Department of Tumour Cell Biology, Institute of Cancer Biology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark Overview of Molecular Cancer Genetics 1 Molecular Analysis of Cancer An Overview...

Ngày tải lên: 08/04/2014, 12:51

... FACS analysis of apoptosis Apoptosis was measured with Annexin V/PI double staining detection (Roche and Sigma-Aldrich, respectively) as Page of (page number not for citation purposes) Journal of ... understand the potential role of BPA in biological systems of leukemias we tested the action of BPA in three different acute myeloid leukemia models such as NB4, Page of (page number not for citation ... an increase of the G1 peack at low dose BPA (30 μM) and an increase of the G2-M fraction of cells at the highest concentration of BPA (100 μM) Differently, in the K562 cells, a model of AML derived...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 15:20

... 3130 Genetic Analyzer, Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA) Phylogenetic analysis and calculation of pairwise distances by the NJ method Phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequence of the ... scale of various viruses Thus, we conducted detailed genetic analyses including homology analysis, phylogenetic analysis (using both the neighbor joining (NJ) and ML methods), and analysis of the ... suitable general model against which to test the assumption of constant rates of the fit of the single rate (SR) and the single rate dated tips (SRDT) models [25] Phylogenetic analysis of ML based...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 18:20

... expressed after hours of induction with a molecular mass of about 35 kDa (Fig 4), which corresponds to the deduced molecular weight of Chit33 and PelB leader peptide The absence of this protein band ... on the 3' end for each intron of the chit33 gene are also observed The coding region of chit33 codes for a polypeptide of 321 amino acids, the first 19 residues of which form a putative signal ... promotion of synthesis Elad et al (3) reported that chitinase secretion into the growth medium by T harzianum was increasing up to concentrations of 1% For the purpose of amplification of chit33 gene...

Ngày tải lên: 29/07/2014, 23:20

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 17:22

... The number in the parenthesis indicate percentage versus the number of total clones Table DNA sequence analysis of hprt mutant in splenic cells of B6C3F1 female mice in 52-wk study Type of mutation ... phenotype The generation of a mutant spectrum, i.e the relative frequency of the different types of DNA sequence alterations and their distribution over the sequence of the target gene, is generally ... analysis of hprt mutation 383 Table DNA sequence analysis of hprt mutant in splenic cells of B6C3F1 male mice in 52-wk study Type of mutation Number of mutants Control Ozone NNK DBP** Ozone+NNK Ozone+DBP*...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 18:20

... type by PCR-RFLP analysis They showed various RFLP patterns Either these strains generate two or more RFLP patterns in spite of belonging to the same group in phylogenetic tree analysis, or they ... Evidence of natural recombination within the S1 gene of infectious bronchitis virus Virology 1993, 192, 710-716 24 Wang L, Junker D, Hock L, Ebiary E, Collisson EW Evolutionary implications of genetic ... (CTAAACTAACATAAGGG C3') or degenerate3'-2 (5'CCATAAGTAACATAAGGG CAA3') [14,16] The RT reaction for synthesis of cDNA consisted of purified RNA, 20 pmol S1 OLIGO3' or degenerate 3'-2 primer and RT...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 20:23

... method because of selection of gene- rich seed BACs as well as the alignment of sequence scaffolds Quick selection of a sufficient number of gene- rich seed BACs and directed ordering of the sequence ... *Tandem duplicated genes were considered to be a single homolog †The degree of conservation was calculated by dividing the number of conserved genes by the total number of genes ‡Information ... Feature B rapa Number of sequence contigs 410 Total sequence length (Mbp) 65.8 A thaliana* Transposons (%) Number of protein coding genes 75.3 15,762 19,639 Number of exons per gene 4.7 5.5 Intron...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 20:20

... software Phylogenetic trees were constructed using the neighbour-joining algorithm of MEGA4.1 software, with 1000 Bootstrap replicates Results Sixty percent of patients (n = 130 out of 217) were ... the risk of evolution to cirrhosis and HCC [11] This type of mutants seems to be frequent in our population in view of the fact that 59% of the patients are characterized by the absence of HBeAg ... Composite Likelihood method and are in the units of the number of base substitutions per site There were a total of 431 positions in the final dataset Phylogenetic analyses were conducted in MEGA4 Sequences...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 02:20

... Enhancement of GFP transgene expression by adenovirus trans-complementation To determine concentration-dependence and kinetics of Ad trans-complementation-mediated enhancement of gene expression, ... addition, as strong and specific delivery of therapeutic genes is one of the main goals of cancer therapy, it may be of importance for the general usage of the binary Ad expression system to investigate ... CD40L gene, no consistent influence of the IL-2 gene position was noticed for IL-2 expression in the two different cell types Of note also, detection of low IL-2 amounts in supernates of HeLa...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:20

... sex-specific genes than non-sex-specific genes (the pooled class of sex-biased and unbiased genes) Male-specific and male-biased genes have lower levels of polymorphism in the CPR than other genes, ... male analysis but shows no relationship with CPR polymorphism (Table 1) We find that most gene features of highly expressed genes are less heterozygous than those of average or lowly expressed genes ... controlling unbiased gene expression Comparison of sex-specific genes to unbiased genes will determine if the relationship between expression and genetic variation at sexually dimorphic genes is different...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:22

... of knowledge of the molecular principles of T-DNA transfer process AMT is one of the most powerful genetic techniques for generation of transgenic plants Transgenic plants have a great many of ... active transport of T-complex, we hypothesize that microtubule-associated genes may participate in this process too Generally, the main purpose of this project is to generate a profile of microtubule-associated ... least 26 genes, distributing within operons (virA, virB, virC, virD, virE, virG, virF and virH) Different operons consist of different numbers of virulent genes For example, only one gene is in...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:08

... Enrichment analysis tools 42 3.5.1 Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) 42 3.5.2 Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) software and setup 45 3.5.3 Web-based gene set analysis ... responses of male- and female-biased expressed genes The analysis revealed obvious inverted expression profiles of sexbiased genes, where affected males tended to up-regulate genes of female-biased ... Illustration of gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) 44 Figure Flow chart of the overall experimental outline and microarray analysis 52 Figure Demonstration of the matrix of metabolic gene response...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:18