modulation of cell signaling

... have focused upon the role of miRNAs in regulatory network of various cell signaling pathways We summarize the current knowledge of the interdependence of miRNA and cell signaling pathways, which ... of complex regulatory networks Model of regulatory networks in the (A) MAPK signaling pathway, (B) Notch signaling pathway, (C) EcR signaling pathway, (D) Hippo signaling pathway, (E) TGF-b signaling ... dme-miR-8 Wnt signaling pathway Fig Involvement of miRNAs in various signaling cascades Many miRNAs are under the control of various conserved signaling pathways and in turn regulate components of these...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 19:20

... secondary modulation of signalling pathways downstream of Fas may alter significantly the susceptibility of cells to Fas induced cell death [17] However, the expression of Fas receptor on the cell ... higher rate of spontaneous apoptosis but also were significantly more susceptible to FasL mediated cell death Of note, apoptosis of fibroblast-like cells is regulated at a number of different ... TNF-α is involved in a variety of inflammatory and tissue repair processes, the question of how it affects the apoptotic response of potential target cells is of major interest R254 In the present...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:23

... SUMMARY The complexity of cell signal transduction creates challenges for linking the observed effects to the underlying signaling pathways Mathematical modeling of cell signaling can provide ... the cellular processes that are being modeled often contain poorly understood aspects Further, the temporal dynamics of cell signaling pathway is complex and unintuitive, as the dynamics of proteins ... types are often involved in any phenotype of the organism The structure and functions of these networks are among the most active topics currently being studied around the world Cell signaling...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:18

... Discovery of the function of oxidants as signaling molecules marks the beginning of the field of redox control of cell signaling Understanding the mechanism of how free radicals regulate signaling ... significance of these events is not fully understood 1.4 MECHANISMS OF REDOX-BASED REGULATION OF CELL SIGNALING: FUNCTIONAL CONSEQUENCES OF OXIDATION OF “REACTIVE CYSTEINE” The notion of ROS/RNS ... REGULATION OF CELL SIGNALING: FUNCTIONAL CONSEQUENCES OF OXIDATION OF “REACTIVE CYSTEINE” 14 1.4.1 15 1.4.2   Inhibition of Activity Activation of Protein Functions 16 ii   1.4.3 Multimerization of Subunits...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 17:56

... purines on cell growth 38 Table Strategies of the extracellular mechanism studies of AIA in BHK 184 cells Table Strategies of the extracellular mechanism studies of AIA in HeLa 185 cells xv ABBREVIATIONS ... Effect of NBTI on AIA in SKW6.4 cells 123 Fig 3.40 Effect of dipyridamole on AIA in SKW6.4 cells 125 Fig 3.41 Effect of NBTI on AIA in H9 cells 127 Fig 3.42 Effect of dipyridamole on AIA in H9 cells ... H9 cells 116 Fig 3.36 Effect of A3 receptor activation by IB-MECA on apoptosis in H9 117 cells Fig 3.37 Effect of NBTI on AIA in HeLa cells 119 Fig 3.38 Effect of dipyridamole on AIA in HeLa cells...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 16:07

... micrograms of PGSE was injected each time Figure U937 cells by of CXCL-10 and IL-8 in culture supernatant of QuantificationELISA Quantification of CXCL-10 and IL-8 in culture supernatant of U937 cells ... effects of PGSE at mg/ml by trypan blue exclusion assay The viability of cells was over 90% after incubating U937 cells with the PGSE for 48 hours Cytotoxicity test of PGSE Cytotoxic effects of PGSE ... were included, and the fold induction of cytokines in cells with treatment was normalized with that of the untreated cells Following the sequential treatment of PGSE and TNF-α, we found that 102...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 15:20

... media of culture passages five to seven of primary neural stem cells from cortices of E16 Sprague-Dawley rat embryos in three separate experiments A preponderance of NGF in pg per day of culture of ... foot faults (DOFFF) is the difference between the number of faults for the right and left forelimbs SOFFF and DOFFF were used as an index of motor deficit CSF aspiration 80 μL of CSF were aspirated ... number of foot faults in the left and right forelimbs The sum of foot faults (SOFFF) in the forelimbs is defined as the number of faults of right and left forelimbs, whereas the differentiation of...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... concentration of viral pro- Figure of hypertonic medium Kinetics intracellular RSV proteins in cells incubated in Kinetics of intracellular RSV proteins in cells incubated in hypertonic medium HEp-2 cells ... and re-appearance of intracellular viral pro- Figure Confocal laser scanning image of intracellular RSV proteins Confocal laser scanning image of intracellular RSV proteins HEp-2 cells had been ... viral glycConfocal laser scanning image of the distribution of viral glycoproteins on cell surface of epithelial cells HEp-2 cells had been infected at m.o.i of 50 for 12 h then incubated with anti-RSV...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 18:20

... concentration of viral pro- Figure of hypertonic medium Kinetics intracellular RSV proteins in cells incubated in Kinetics of intracellular RSV proteins in cells incubated in hypertonic medium HEp-2 cells ... and re-appearance of intracellular viral pro- Figure Confocal laser scanning image of intracellular RSV proteins Confocal laser scanning image of intracellular RSV proteins HEp-2 cells had been ... viral glycConfocal laser scanning image of the distribution of viral glycoproteins on cell surface of epithelial cells HEp-2 cells had been infected at m.o.i of 50 for 12 h then incubated with anti-RSV...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... OVA-specific CD8+ T cells was determined by flow cytometry (FACScan, BD Biosciences) and expressed as a percentage of the total number of OVA-specific CD8+ cells Analysis of the Dendritic Cell Population ... with cell recoveries in the range of to million per gram of lung tissue The CD11c+ cells were then seeded into 12-well plates at 105 cells per well and cultured for 48 hours in the presence of ... cytometry (FACScan, BD Biosciences) The numbers of CD11c+b+ cells were expressed as a percentage of the total CD11c+ cells Analysis of the Dendritic Cell Population in BAL Fluid BALB/c mice were...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 21:20

... inhibitor of ATP binding of MAP kinase Wu et al Journal of Biomedical Science 2011, 18:74 http://www.jbiomedsci.com/content/18/1/74 Page of 11 Figure The entry of Cpc into B16F10 melanoma cells Cells ... dehydrogenase of living cells Briefly, cells (5 × 104 cells/well) were seeded into 12-well plates An aliquot of 50 μL MTT solution (1 mg/mL) was added to each well after removal of medium The ... on the results of cell viability, the concentration Page of 11 of Cpc at 0.1 mg/mL was thus selected for the following study To investigate the antimelanogenic mechanism of Cpc, cellular tyrosinase...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 10:20

... phosphorylation of signaling intermediates SLE T cells display a unique rewiring of the surface TCR-CD3 complex wherein expression of the CD3ζ chain is decreased in cells from a majority of patients ... (bottom) SLE T cells express increased amounts of the unstable AS splice variant relative to the stable WT isoform of CD4 T cells into IL17-producing Th17 cells requires the presence of the inflammatory ... IL2-producing capacity of these cells Rather, the SLE T cells are poor producers of IL2, rendering their somewhat ‘anergic’ phenotype Interestingly, replenishment of the CD3ζ chain in SLE T cells in vitro...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 15:22

... expression of cell surface receptors was performed in whole blood, drawn in EDTA tubes A total of 100 μl of whole blood from patients and controls were stained with μl of CD14-PerCP and μl of CD66-FITC ... stained with the following isotypes: 10 μl of mIgG2a-PE and μl of mIgG2b-APC (tube 1); 10 μl of TLR2-PE and μl of CD11c-APC (tube 2) or 20 μl of TLR4-PE and μl of CD11bAPC (tube 3) Samples were incubated ... the addition of 0.06 mM of 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) in 100 μL of whole blood DCFH-DA is a stable, non-fluorescent, nonpolar compound that can diffuse through cell membranes...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 10:20

... circulating levels of a soluble form of VEGFR1 (sFlt-1) sFlt-1 binds VEGF in the blood, thus acting as a competitive inhibitor of VEGF signaling in endothelial cells Sepsis-mediated induction of sFlt-1 ... supernatants of activated endothelial cells and is elevated in the serum of patients with septic shock J Immunol 1993, 150:644-654 25 Dello Sbarba P, Rovida E: Transmodulation of cell surface ... from the cell surface and circulate as a soluble form of the receptor Circulating levels are indirect measures of the degree of endothelial activation (b) Hemostasis Activated endothelial cells...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 21:21

... airway inflammation depends on the modulation of spleen dendritic cell function and induction of regulatory T cells in mice Genetic Vaccines and Therapy 2010, 8:2 Page of ... The degree of cellular infiltration was scored as described previously [6] Inflammatory changes were graded by histopatholog- Page of ical assessment using a semiquantitative scale of 0-5 for ... was aspirated and pooled into two of the tubes with PBS for a total volume of 75 ml The 15 ml of Ficoll Paque was placed into three 50 ml tubes/ group 25 ml of the diluted filter material was...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 19:22

... source of motivation to persevere and strive for excellence in my work III Table of contents Declaration I Acknowledgements II Table of contents IV Summary VIII List of tables X List of figures ... multiple cellular signaling pathway 61 1.15 NF-κB mechanism of action 63 1.16 Mechanism of siRNA silencing 66 1.17 The structure of fisetin 71 3.1 OVA aerosolization system 86 3.2 Types of inflammatory ... expression in NCI-H292 cells 131 5.4 Effects of RPS-3 siRNA on IL-8 expression in NCI-H292 cells 133 5.5 Effects of RPS-3 siRNA on IL-8 expression in BEAS-2B cells 134 5.6 Effects of RPS-3 siRNA on...

Ngày tải lên: 08/09/2015, 18:35

... interaction between OX40L of dendritic cells and OX40 of T cell would enhance differentiation of naïve T cells to Th2 cells Differentiated and activated Th2 cells would activate B cells and result in ... activation of epithelial cells is dependent on the expression of PRRs and the expression of signaling proteins downstream of PRRs The greater the number of PRRs, the greater the sensitivity of the ... differentiation of T cells, B cells, and macrophages; while promotes the apoptosis of these cells TGF-β helps to maintain the regulatory functions of Treg cells and promotes the differentiation of adaptive...

Ngày tải lên: 08/09/2015, 18:36

... by a thick layer (2 - cells layer deep) of inflammatory cells; 4: most of bronchi or vessels surrounded by a thicker layer (more than cells layer deep) of inflammatory cells Periodic acid-fluorescence ... The BALF cells were stained with Liu stain (modified Wright stain) Briefly, cell smear was stained with 800 µl of Liu A for 30 sec followed by 1600 µl of Liu B for 90 sec Differential cell count ... haemocytometer (10 µl cell suspension: 10 µl 0.4% trypan blue) under a light microscope (magnification ×100) Following the total cell count, aliquots (105 cells/150 µl) of the cell suspension were...

Ngày tải lên: 08/09/2015, 18:36

... ring of cells cell layer deep; 3, a ring of cells 2-4 cells deep; 4, a ring of cells of >4 cells deep To determine the extent of mucous secretion, percentage of airway epithelium covered with mucous ... the severity of inflammatory cell infiltration, 110 peribronchial cell counts were performed blind based on a 5-point scoring system: 0, no cells; 1, a few cells; 2, a ring of cells cell layer ... 1, 75% of airway covered with mucous Scoring of inflammatory cells and...

Ngày tải lên: 08/09/2015, 18:38

... intracellular receptors Often, the signaling cell and target cell are of different cell types Sometimes cells can also send signals to themselves and other cells of the same type Extracellular signals ... bound to the signaling cell s surface In paracrine signaling, signals are secreted from the signaling cell and diffuse in the immediate environment of the signaling cell In synaptic signaling, ... conformational change of the receptor can affect the conformation of the linked ion channel, resulting in alteration of the flow of ions With the change of flowing of ions, the potential of target cells subsequently...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2015, 21:10