micro and nanoemulsions controlled release parenteral drug delivery systems

... time -controlled and/ or target -controlled 22 INTRODUCTION delivery of drug In time -controlled delivery, the drug is released in a pre-determined rate while in target -controlled delivery, the drug is delivered ... least, the microspheres can be degraded under normal physiological conditions B Microspheres, microcapsules and microparticles Microspheres and microcapsules are collectively referred to as microparticles ... frequency of drug administration C1 Concepts of controlled release Controlled drug delivery is an attempt to control the drug availability at the target site This is achieved by time -controlled and/ or...

Ngày tải lên: 13/09/2015, 20:39

... nanocapsule delivery system to investigate the capacity of temporal release of antiangiogenetic drug and anticancer drug in vitro We found that the drug release profiles of the encapsulated drugs, ... Conjugation of drug with ligand for vascular targeting 15 1.3.2 Vascular targeted nanoparticle drug delivery 19 1.4 Conclusion 22 Chapter Targeted nanoparticulate drug delivery ... Dots: Preparation and Two-Photon Fluorescence J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131(32), 1130011301 Wang Z., Chui WK., Ho PC Integrin targeted drug and gene delivery Expert opinion on drug delivery 2010; 7(2),...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 09:58

... investigated as controlled drug delivery matrices for both small molecule model drug of ibuprofen (IBU) and large protein drug of bovine serum albumin (BSA) In the preparation of controlled drug delivery ... a Drug Drug Drug- loaded biodegradable particles b Drug Drug Drug- loaded biodegradable particles Figure 2.5 The polymer degrades to release drug molecules in degradable devices abulk-eroding and ... variety of drug delivery systems and their release mechanisms, including polymer, liposome, and activation -controlled devices are summarized Further emphasis has been placed upon synthesis and application...

Ngày tải lên: 13/09/2015, 19:46

... Side-effects of overdose in drug delivery can be minimized by using the microneedle based microsystems due to their potential ability to release drugs in precise controlled dosage Microneedles may also ... of microsystem based on hollow microneedle array 11 Chapter Literature Review of Microfabricated Microneedles Chapter Review of Microfabricated Microneedles 2.1 Microneedles in Transdermal Drug ... of Microfabricated Microneedles of “coat and poke”, where the needles were first coated with drug and then inserted into the skin There are no drug reservoirs on the skin surface, and all drugs...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 11:17

... for Drug Delivery Systems Drug delivery systems modify the kinetics or the location of the escape of the drug from the medicine Tables 15.1 and 15.2 provide generic reasons for using drug delivery ... Frazier, and H Brem (2002) Local drug delivery to the brain Adv Drug Deliv Rev., 54 (7), 987–1013 Anderson, J.M and Shive, M.S (1997) Biodegradation and biocompatibility of PLA and PLGA microspheres ... numerous types of protein drug [21–23] 15.6 Examples of Biodegradable Polymer Drug Delivery Systems Under Development 15.6.1 Polyketals Polyketal-based drug delivery systems are under development...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 08:20

... to advanced drug delivery systems Chemical Aspects of Drug Delivery Systems Table Mechanisms and properties influencing drug release from particle carrier systems* MECHANISM OF DRUG RELEASE PROPERTIES ... demand fbrther research and New Materials and Systems for Drug Delivery and Targeting Table Externally activated drug delivery systems EXTERNAL ACTIVATION FORMULATION SYSTEM MECHANISM FOR DRUG DELIVERY ... scientists working in drug delivery and targeting New Materials and Systems for Drug Delivery and Targeting Table Microparticulate colloidal carrier systems* SYSTEM SIZE (nanometers) MICROCAPSULES 1000-100,000...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 10:20

... Generalities of drug delivery Liposomes as drug delivery systems Polymers and polymeric systems for drug delivery Dendrimers for drug delivery GENERALITIES OF DRUG DELIVERY DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM ... Targeted drug delivery systems: deliver drug to a desired body location, organ, tissue, specific cells…  Controlled- release drug delivery systems: preprogramed drug release By the route of delivery: ...  Topical (local) drug delivery systems: drugs are delivered locally to the target organ/tissue without entering the systemic circulation  Systemic drug delivery systems: drugs are delivered...

Ngày tải lên: 18/04/2014, 15:37

... Drug Metabolism: Chemical and Biochemical Aspects, Bernard Testa and Peter Jenner New Drugs: Discovery and Development, edited by Alan A Rubin Sustained and Controlled Release Drug Delivery Systems, ... Revised and Expanded, edited by Robert A Nash and Alfred H Wachter 130 Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems: Second Edition, Revised and Expanded, edited by Ashim K Mitra 131 Pharmaceutical Gene Delivery ... actives and their delivery to where they are needed An ever increasing number of drug- and vaccinedelivery systems are being tested clinically, with many already marketed Recently, drug- delivery systems...

Ngày tải lên: 04/06/2014, 14:47

... effectiveness of drug delivery systems can be attributed to their small size, reduced drug toxicity, controlled time release of the drug and modification of drug pharmacokinetics and biological ... uptake of poorly soluble drugs [8,9], the targeting of drugs to a specific site, and drug bioavailability A schematic comparison of untargeted and targeted drug delivery systems is shown in Figure ... the widespread application of nanodelivery systems in medicine Design of nanotechnology – based drug delivery Systems Nanoparticles can be used in targeted drug delivery at the site of disease...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 00:20

... Such nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems for doxorubicin could be more selective and effective than the free drug and have the promise to result in reduced toxicity and side effects in patients, ... the molecular transporter in drug delivery Page 14 of 22 Drug delivery targeted to lymphatic system Many cancers metastasize through lymphatic canal The drug delivery systems targeted to the lymphatic ... in anticancer drug delivery systems because there are many other anticancer drug delivery systems based on other nanomaterials, such as cationic polymers [98], fibrinogens [99], and PVP/PVAL nanoparticles...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 22:20

... C James Controlled Drug Delivery Fundamentals and Applications, Second Edition, Revised and Expanded, edited by Joseph R Robinson and Vincent H Lee New Drug Approval Process Clinical and Regulatory ... Revised and Expanded, edited by Robert A Nash and Alfred H Wachter 130 Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems Second Edition, Revised and Expanded, edited by Ashim K Mitra 131 Pharmaceutical Gene Delivery ... Drug Delivery Systems Manufacturing and Production Technology, edited by Praveen Tyle Topical Drug Delivery Formulations, edited by David W Osborne and Anton H Amann Drug Stability Principles and...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 00:20

... C G., Washington, N., Edman, P., and Camber, O (1987) Design and evaluation of controlled release systems for the eye J Controlled Release, 6:367 20 Ahmed, I., and Patton, T F (1985) Importance ... (1990) Ocular drug delivery Pharmacokinetic considerations Clin Pharmacokinet., 18:255 Lang, J C., and Stiemke, M M Biological barriers to ocular delivery In: Ocular Therapeutics and Drug Delivery ... L., and Anderson, J A (1985) Review: Corneal penetration and ocular bioavailability of drugs J Ocular Pharmacol., 1:309 Lee, V H L., and Robinson, J R (1986) Review: Topical ocular drug delivery: ...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 00:20

... interesting and important ocular region for exploration with research tools such as microdialysis More than 20 papers describing microdialysis approaches for assessment of ocular drug delivery and endogenous ... aphakic eye and a phakic eye is highly dependent on the injection location and the retinal permeability of the drug If the drug has a low retinal permeability, then the half-life of the drug in an ... area, thickness, concentration gradient, compartment volume, and ligand diffusion coefficient (43) Tissue and plasma proteins often bind drugs and other low molecular weight compounds Hypothesis regarding...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 00:20

... the design and evaluation of ocular drug delivery systems II OCULAR ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY RELEVANT TO THE NONCORNEAL ROUTE The ocular anatomy and physiology relevant to ocular drug delivery was ... posterior segment eye disease, and the advent of new chemical entities and novel ophthalmic drug delivery systems necessitates a thorough understanding of the noncorneal pathway and approaches of exploiting ... design of drug delivery systems for therapeutic agents that are poorly absorbed across the cornea or require delivery to posterior segment of the eye Drug delivery across the conjunctiva and sclera...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 00:20

... for noncorneal delivery These include bioadhesive vehicles, microparticulates, and controlled release conjunctival inserts Suprachoroidal delivery of drugs via subconjunctival and sub-Tenon’s ... 128 Peyman, G A., and Ganiban, G J (1995) Delivery systems for intraocular routes, Adv Drug Delivery Rev., 16:107–123 129 Geroski, D H., and Edelhauser, H F (2000) Review: Drug delivery for posterior ... U., and Mondino, B J (1991) Device drug delivery to the eye Collagen shields, iontophoresis, and pumps, Ophthalmology., 98:725–732 147 Hill, J M (1991) Symposium on drug delivery V Ocular drug delivery; ...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 00:20

... M., and Leesman, G D (1989) Absorption of difficult drug molecules: Carrier mediated transport of peptides and peptide analogues In: Novel Drug Delivery and Therapeutic Application L F Presscot and ... hope that novel drug delivery systems will be developed to deliver potent polypeptide drugs through the ocular route REFERENCES Lee, V H L (1987) Ophthalmic delivery of peptides and proteins, Pharm ... from ophthalmic timolol and their prevention, J Ocul Pharmacol., 3:177 22 Robinson, J R (1989) Ocular drug delivery Mechanism(s) of corneal drug transport and mucoadhesive systems, S.T.P Pharma.,...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 00:20

... Coa, Y., and Suresh, M R (2000) Bispecific Mab aided liposomal drug delivery J Drug Target, 8(4):257–266 160 Cristiano, R J., and Roth, J A (1995) Molecular conjugates: a targeted gene delivery ... nonpathogenic and cannot replicate; (d) immunogenicity, toxicity, and inflammation are minimized with their use; and (e) they can become completely synthetic While these are safe gene delivery systems, ... straightforward and relatively simple to perform and bypasses the need for complex viral or non viral delivery systems Subretinal or intravitreal injections are common routes of delivery to the...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 00:20

... clinical investigations and NDAs for marketing approval The terms drug and new drug are inclusive of the drug substance and the drug product It is important to understand that a new drug is not just ... interstate shipment of food and drugs was enacted in 1906 and was known as the Pure Food and Drug Act It prohibited the interstate shipment of adulterated or misbranded foods or drugs In 1912 it was ... NDA drugs approved since 1962 and thereby increase competition and lower drug prices An abbreviated NDA (ANDA) is required to be submitted for approval and must demonstrate that the generic drug...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 00:20