metabolic basis for enhancement of transdermal drug delivery

... Permeation Enhancement by Terpenes for Transdermal Drug Delivery Kang Lifeng (MSc, China Pharmaceutical University) A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of Pharmacy ... 1.1 Human Skin Lipids and Transdermal Drug Delivery Transdermal administration of drug has been exploited extensively in the past few years In USA, out of 129 drug delivery candidate products ... evaluation, of which 51 are transdermal or dermal systems and 30% of 77 candidate products in preclinical development fall under this drug delivery category [6] The value of market for transdermal delivery...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 08:31

... from PR–p2-NC was observed for the Fig Residues with alternate conformations The number of occurrences of alternate conformations for each residue in the A and B subunits of the eight crystal structures ... formed with the asymmetric drug KNI-272 Biochemistry 35, 9945–9950 32 Baldwin ET, Bhat TN, Liu B, Pattabiraman N & Erickson JW (1995) Structural basis of drug resistance for the V82A mutant of ... contacts with the CB atom of Ala82 in PRV82A than observed for Val in the ˚ PR The CE atom of P3¢ Arg moved  1.2 A and formed closer interactions with the CB atom of Ala82 All of these observed structural...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 20:20

... Investigation of utilization of nanosuspension formulation to enhance exposure of 1,3dicyclohexylurea in rats: Preparation for PK/PD study via subcutaneous route of nanosuspension drug delivery Nanoscale ... of the drug In order to overcome these limitations, a suitable formulation was needed to maximize the potential of DCU in vivo Several formulations strategies for SC dose have been assessed Formulations ... new drug entities in early drug discovery: the potential impact of formulation on pharmacokinetic parameters Curr Op Drug Discov Devel 2002, 5(1):59-71 17 Barrett R: Nanosuspensions in drug delivery...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 03:20

... process(es) Over the past couple of decades, the field of drug delivery has been revolutionized with the advent of nanoparticles, wherein these particles act as inert carriers for drugs and genes to target ... biological barriers The development of novel nano-systems for pulmonary gene or drug delivery may provide a convenient, noninvasive method for the administration of gene or drugs to the lungs Such a system ... progression of the T cell-dependent chronic phase of the inflammatory response [20] Clearly, this warrants further evaluation and selective delivery of this class of compounds for treatment of CF lung...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 00:22

... the wedge hypothesis of Tytler et al [48], it may be that insertion of the inverted wedge shape formed by the AP1 a-helix into membranes of E coli leads to the formation of nonbilayer structures ... periodicity of 100 The resultant of this summation, the hydrophobic moment, provides a measure of a-helix amphiphilicity The analysis of the present study used a moving window of 11 residues, and for ... were formed by spreading on to a buffer subphase, chloroform solutions of Ole2PtdGro, Ole2PtdEtn and cardiolipin in molar proportions of : 13.67 : [53] The solvent was allowed to evaporate off...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20

... 5¢-end of loop In both loops, 6-mer oligomers hybridize to the 5¢-end of the loops and propagate to nucleotides involved in the formation of the helix The strong preference for the 5¢-side of the ... probably coordinated to N7 atom of the imidazole ring of guanines Yet the possibility that deletion of the N7 group of purines may result in an alternative structure of the aptamer cannot be excluded ... Interestingly, similar binding properties of Co2+ to the N7 atom of guanine residues were previously observed in the crystal structure of the orthorombic form of yeast tRNAPhe [23] In the predicted...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 06:20

... denaturation at 94 °C for min, followed by 32 cycles of 98 °C for 10 s, 55 °C for 20 s and 60 °C for 20 s The amplified PCR products (expected size 168 bp) were analyzed by performing agarose gel ... expression of COX-2 when the FP receptor in adipocytes was activated by a stable PGF2a analog, Fluprostenol (Fig 1A) Thus, we suspect the existence of a regulatory loop for the enhancement of PGF2a ... the early phase of adipogenesis via de novo synthesis of anti-adipogenic PGF2a and PGE2 Therefore, PGF2a plays a critical role in suppressing the progression of the early phase of adipogenesis,...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 22:20

... duration of the rectangular pulse used for the coloring of mouse B cells by the (druglike) dye SERVA blue G (Mr = 854) 5.1.2 Flow Equation for Drug and DNA Uptake The similarities of cell transformation ... dielectric constant of water dielectric constant of the lipid phase degree of cell transformation degree of cell coloring degree of binding of permeants to intracellular sites fraction of porated membrane ... the delivery of the drug/ gene to the tissue site, and techniques for the delivery of the field The delivery of the field is done by a voltage pulse generator and applicators that transform the voltage...

Ngày tải lên: 11/04/2014, 00:29

... rates for data packets Data rates for control packets and PHY overheads MAC layer overheads PHY layer overheads Transmission time for TB Tx time for null frame Tx time for polling frame Tx time for ... Comparison of PCF, ICF, and MICF for CFP = 15 milliseconds Loss ratio versus numbers of stations for MICF 100 CONCLUSIONS 70 This paper proposes a scheme for increasing call capacity of voice traffic.¡?tex ... where for loss ratio of 1%, the number of simultaneous calls for MICF is 39 as opposed to 30 for ICF; these numbers are also listed in Table 3) The proposed scheme exploits the strength of the...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 19:20

... standard error of the mean For evaluation of statistical significance, data sets were first analyzed for normal distribution by the Kolmogorov-Smirnow test As this test for Normality failed for some ... 0.005; *, P < 0.05) GraphPad Prism software (GraphPad Software Inc.) was used for all statistical analyses For the analysis of CD4+ T cell depletion, the ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ T lymphocytes was ... assay system for effects of Nef on HIV-1 replication ex vivo However, the magnitude of elevated HIV-1 spread observed in the presence of Nef is not markedly more pronounced than that Page of 14 (page...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:21

... Logrank test were performed using GraphPad Prism version 3.02 for Windows, GraphPad Software, San Diego, California, USA http://www.graph pad.com 3.0 Results 3.1 In vitro expression of DNA vaccines ... 4) Thus inclusion of the VP22 protein at either the N- or C-terminus of PA63 did not significantly alter protection of the mice All three vaccines offered a significant level of protection compared ... lack secretion signals and the level of enhancement afforded to the HPV E7 protein following fusion with VP22 was equivalent to that afforded by inclusion of a secretion signal [23] The PA63expressing...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 19:22

... for both small molecule model drug of ibuprofen (IBU) and large protein drug of bovine serum albumin (BSA) In the preparation of controlled drug delivery system for IBU, mesoporous SBA15 materials ... opportunity for “old” drugs whose patents have expired and present them with improved forms Therefore, it can give benefits to drug companies by creating new forms of established drugs and offering ... surface of the polymer, resulting in a release rate that is proportional to the surface area of the drug delivery system (See Figure 2.5b) a Drug Drug Drug- loaded biodegradable particles b Drug Drug...

Ngày tải lên: 13/09/2015, 19:46

... ligands Of course, targeted colloidal carriers will be much more effective if they are also sterically stabilized 1.2.2 Samples of Drug Delivery Systems As far as the physical form of drug delivery ... candidates for the delivery of drugs (lipophilic drugs, hydrophilic drugs provided with lipophilic moieties, or ionic drugs complexed with ionic lipids) to specific cell types, provided that these drugs: ... the site of action Microcapsules and microspheres for chemoembolization belong to this group, as similar systems used for the controlled release of proteins and peptides or for drug delivery...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 08:30

... STRUCTURAL BASIS FOR RECRUITMENT OF TRAFFIC PROTEINS BY SMALL GTPASES WU MOUSHENG (B.Sc., M.Sc) Xiamen University A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL ... structures of complexes of Ras with the CDC25 domain of SOS and of Arf1 with the Sec7 domain have been reported (Boriack-Sjodin et al., 1998; Goldberg, 1998) These two structures form the basis of our ... Dynamin around the neck of the bud help it pinch off to form a vesicle The coat of clathrin-coated vesicles is removed rapidly after the vesicle forms c Complementary sets of v-SNAREs and t-SNAREs...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 08:31

... decrease of tensile stress (TS) and hardness.40 Upon addition of plasticizer, enhancement in the flexibilities of polymers is the result of loosening of tightness of intermolecular forces The ... parts of each film (two corners and one center), a) L1 and L3 refer to number of spacers used for the fabrication (1 for films with a thicknesses of 130-170 µm and for films with a thickness of ... refer to number of spacers used for the fabrication (5 for films with a thicknesses of 650-850 µm and for films with a thickness of 9101190 µm, respectively) 61 x List of Abbreviations...

Ngày tải lên: 02/10/2015, 17:14

... need for better drug delivery of drug/ proteins Although many of proteins/drugs have demonstrated great success in treating patients, they have been limited in their application because of the ... since 1980s [3-7] for controlled drug/ protein delivery For examples, microspheres made of poly(methacrylic acid)poly(ethylene glycol) [8] were studied and used as a nasal drug delivery system to ... partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy [May 2007] ii CONTENTS List of Tables vi List of Schemes vii List of Figures ...

Ngày tải lên: 13/05/2016, 10:14

... Socialist Republic of Vietnam (NAME OF PROFESSOR) (NAME OF PROFESSOR) Member Member (NAME OF PROFESSOR) Chairman Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy ... Vocational College of Trade and Tourism 82 11 Table 11 The Professional Performance of Teachers of Viet Duc Vocational College 84 12 Table 12 The Professional Performance of Teachers of Viet Han Vocational ... Skills of Teachers as to Classroom Management Skills 77 Table The Level of the Instructional Skills of Teachers as to Assessment Skills 79 10 Table 10 The Professional Performance of Teachers of...

Ngày tải lên: 13/05/2014, 14:46

... biosafety of SWCNT used as drug carriers Although there are exciting prospects for the application of CNTs as drug carriers in medicine, one of the key obstacles in the way for the use of SWCNT as drug ... schematic illustration of the strategy for the preparation of the CNT-based drug delivery systems Figure The modification of CNTs Schematic illustration of modification of CNTs with various molecules ... great possibilities for them to be used in the construction of drug delivery systems in not too long a time The functionalization of CNTs used in the construction of drug delivery systems will...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 22:20

... http://www.nanoscalereslett.com/content/6/1/445 capable of inducing oxidative stress, which is of great concern in terms of the nanotoxicology of particles being pursued for a variety of consumer products Furthermore, ... of 10 B C Figure Characterization of CuCNPs (A) SEM image of CuCNPs, (B) EDX spectra of CNPs before (left) and after (right) addition of Cu, (C) XPS spectra for CuCNPs (right) and control particles ... molecule in general from a delivery are major factors that ultimately determine the success or failure of that vector when applied to targeted drug delivery One of the goals of this work was to demonstrate...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 02:20