mechanisms charge compensation and their consequences

... continuously rotate in a plane and contributes to enhanced polarization and strain Vanderbilt and Cohen further suggested three monoclinic phases: MA, MB, and MC, according to their symmetry relations ... polarization vector of rhombohedral (R) and tetragonal (T), orthorhombic (O), and monoclinic MC, MA, and MB phases The MA, MB, and MC notation is adopted following Vanderbilt and Cohen [16] unit cell is ... new phase acts as a structural bridge between the R and T phases At the same time, using a Landau–Devonshire approach, Vanderbilt and Cohen expanded the free energy to the eighth power in the polar...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 09:20

... nanotubes and nano clays and explore their importance and their role in composites Hence the chapters presented in this book address processing, rheology, mechanical properties and their interaction ... [146] and PMMA [133], and (b) semicrystalline PP [143,144,191] and PEEK [192] composites as a function of reported nanofibre weight and volume fraction, respectively M S P Shaffer and J K W Sandler ... uniquely used to describe both the tension/compression and bending 14 M S P Shaffer and J K W Sandler behaviour of carbon nanotubes Tension and compression are mostly governed by the in-plane er-bonds,...

Ngày tải lên: 04/06/2014, 14:11

... shown in Figure 2b, the bands of C-H and OCH2 are also observed in the surface-modified Cu nanoparticles, while the absorption peaks of P = S and P-S shifts, and the bands of N-H mostly disappear ... characterizations and drafted the manuscript, WX: conceived the study, and participated in its design and coordination, WF: conceived the study, and participated in its design and coordination ... to Cu (1:2, 1:5, and 1:10) were prepared by fixing the concentrations of copper salt and reductant, and varying the concentration of O, O-di-ncetyldithiophosphate Because the ligands act as particle...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 03:20

... motivation and guidance, has made my candidature a truly enriching experience I would also like to thank Dr Sunwook Kim, Dr Ho Wan Joo and Dr Randall Law for imparting me with their knowledge and experimental ... the Pt 5-d band and Co or Fe 3-d band electronic states Some of the key challenges for CoPt and FePt alloys are the reduction of the ordering temperature, and the Chapter Theory and Literature ... grow and have never wavered in their support and patience Equally important is Nirosharn, who has been there for me through all the good times and bad Without his continuous encouragement and...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 15:53

... Tao Ng and Chua Sock Teng, for their cordiality and friendship We had a great time working together I wish to express my deepest appreciation to my family and my boyfriend for their love and support ... G-quadruplex is their extensive polymorphism which arises from variation of strand stoichiometry, strand polarity and connecting loop.11-15 Quadruplexes typically contain 1, 2, or nucleic acid strands, ... solved the structure of d(TCCCCC) and found that it was a four-stranded complex in which two base-paired parallel-stranded duplexes were intimately associated and their base pairs were fully intercalated...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 16:04

... Stress gradient in early stage 88  4.4.3  Shear band initiation and proliferation 91  4.4.4  Curved Shear band path and interaction of shear bands 97  4.4.5  Application of stress gradient strategy in a brittle BMG ... compression  and bending,  and has  a  large  fracture  toughness  (Kc≈80  MPa  m1/2)  as  well.  Lewandowski  and co‐workers  [90]  interpreted  the  correlation  between  μ/B  (or  ν)  and fracture  ... extremely  important  and should  provide  valuable  guidance for their component design.    vii     List of Tables     Table  1.  1  Typical  BMG  systems  with  their critical  sizes  and years  in ...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 14:11

... (DMAc) firstly, and then styrene, divinylbenzene (DVB) and benzoyl peroxide (BPO) were added to the solution and stirred with water bath at 343 K The dosage of PVDF, styrene, DVB and BPO was that ... polymerization and phase inversion, and all of the other reagents were analytical grade 2.2 Preparation of the PVDF-based composite membrane The PVDF powders were basified firstly, and the double ... immersed in deionized water for 48 h, and then the sulfonated copolymer washed with deionized water and dried for usage The sulfonated copolymer with weight of 15 g and 2.5 g polyvinyl pyrrolidine...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:11

... aureus Neisseria gonorrhoeae Gram stained urethral discharge The image shows many polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and gram-negative extra- and intra-cellular diplococci (1,000X oil) Pneumococci ... components 1: (endo)spores usually Bacillus spp and Clostridium e.g Clostridium tetani (tetanus) spore is a resting cell, highly resistant to desiccation, heat and chemical agents produced in response ... Flagella Flagellum can be removed but is rapidly replaced  Involved in motility and impart spinning movement and usually requires proton motive force  Chemotaxis: flagella move bacteria towards...

Ngày tải lên: 12/12/2013, 17:15

... confirm that the 130 and 115 kDa bands (or 144 and 129 kDa bands in the X807R mutant) corresponded to differently glycosylated forms of the receptor, immunoprecipitated wild-type and mutant receptors ... residues in the ECD and the consequences of the stop codon mutation on receptor function remain unknown In addition, the mechanisms by which FGFR3 mutants are endocytosed and targeted for degradation ... from N-glycosylated proteins, and endopeptidase H (endo H) which cleaves mannose residues from mannose-rich intermediates Both the 130 and 115 kDa (or 144 and 129 kDa) bands were converted into the...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 00:20

... amyloliquefaciens and primers V1, V2, and V3 (Table 2) for regions MKKRFWFLA, VFIDYKVEG, and IVGVISDAE of the B subtilis SipV protein were chosen and found to generate PCR fragments of about 0.5 and 0.4 ... genomic DNA of B amyloliquefaciens and the degenerative primers V1/V3 and V2/V3 or W1 and W2, led to the isolation of core DNA fragments of about 0.5 kb (lane b) and 0.4 kb (lane c), or 0.2 kb, ... forward primers CH1 and CH2 were designed for conserved regions HFGAGNIG and HGSAPDIAG of the genes mtlD and ycsA, which map in B subtilis upstream of the searched sipU, and used in combination...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 03:20

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 00:20

... and 12 b strands (b112) as secondary structural elements; it also has a Greek key motif with seven anti-parallel b strands (Figs and 2A), which is also found in DvMF FMN-binding protein [7] and ... bonds and salt bridge that encompass the ribitol moiety and the phosphate group of FeR and M acetivorans avoredoxin are moderately and completely conserved in DvMF avoredoxin (Fig 3A,B and Fig ... different in both FeR and M acetivorans avoredoxin These cysteine residues are replaced by threonine and leucine in FeR and asparagine and valine in M acetivorans avoredoxin (Figs and 3D; Fig S4C)...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 02:20

... concentrated by Centriprep Centrifugal Filter YM-3, and resolved by SDS/PAGE One major band with a molecular mass of 54 kDa and a few faint bands with molecular mass < 40 kDa were also detected ... (Fig 5), and the influence of Cu2+ ions (Table 3) Maximum activity was found at pH and between 40 and 45 °C Copper at 0.01 mM greatly stimulated the activity The presence of Fe2+, Mn2+ and Zn2+ ... USA) and VARIAN STAR CHROMATOGRAPHY WORKSHOP, Version 5.3 The flow rate was 0.6 mLÆmin)1 and the UVdetector was set at 230 nm The mobile phase was acetonitrile/water (20 : 80, v/v) at pH 5.0 and...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 14:20

... that of the main target substrate, taurocyamine), and weak activity for lombricine and glycocyamine [19] TK is a dimeric enzyme like LK and GK [18], and the partial 16 amino acid sequence of an internal ... bp and 5¢ and 3¢ untranslated regions of 21 and 692 bp, respectively The ORF codes for a protein containing 366 amino acid residues (Fig 1) with a calculated molecular mass of 41 351.39 Da and ... 1239 bp and 5¢ and 3¢ untranslated regions of 68 bp and 373 bp, respectively The ORF codes for a protein containing 412 amino acid residues (Fig 1) with a calculated mass of 46 201.38 Da and estimated...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 21:20

... dd, J ¼ 12.5 and 2.8, H-2), 3.14 (1H, dd, J ¼ 17.0 and 12.5, Hax-3), 2.79 (1H, dd, J ¼ 17.0 and 2.8, Heq-3), 7.43 (2H, d, J ¼ 8.4 Hz, H-2¢ and H-6¢), 6.96 (2H, d, J ¼ 8.4 Hz, H-3¢ and H-5¢); 3.80 ... percentages of: 40, 60 and 90; the corresponding protein precipitates were collected by centrifugation, redissolved in and dialyzed against buffer A, concentrated as above and tested for their F 4¢OMT ... 4¢-OMT and the transformation product (XVIII) Fig Molecular structures of the isoflavones (XIX-XX) assayed as substrates to the flavonoid 4¢-OMT and the transformation product (XXI) In vivo and in...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 08:20

... most strongly in placenta and brain and to a lesser extent in heart and lung, but no signal was detected from liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and pancreas HEL cells, and Ó FEBS 2002 to a lesser ... Discussion) Fig Puri®cation and properties of wild-type and mutant Rab31 and Rab32 expressed as GST±fusion proteins Samples of platelet particulate fraction protein and of puri®ed GST and GST±Rab proteins ... platelet protein and of GST-Rab5A were included and bound [a-32P]GTP (Fig 7B) We conclude that GST±Rab31 and Fig Kinetics of GTP[S] binding by GST±Rab31 and GST±Rab32 at low and high Mg2+free...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 16:20

... increment and n is the time step; unþ1 _ _ and unþ1 are assumed, unþ1 and unþ1 are corrected values of displacement and velocity; b and c are parameters that determine the stability and accuracy ... Zenkert [7] and Vinson [8] summarized sandwich wrinkling statements in their textbooks Benson and Mayers [9] presented a unified theory for the overall buckling and face wrinkling of sandwich panels ... expanded by Hadi and Matthews [10] for the wrinkling of anisotropic sandwich panels Their approach was able to simultaneously calculate the anti-symmetric and symmetric wrinkling loads Niu and...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 22:20

... amplification, and p996A458 DNA was electroporated into the E coli strain HMS-F [29] The resulting ampicillin- and tetracycline-resistant transformant was cultured with and without IPTG, and expression ... (1.2 · 110 cm), and the column was eluted with 10 mM Tris, pH 7.5 Fractions were collected and assayed for TPS activity Molecular weight markers were also run on this column and their elution position ... manipulation enzymes, including restriction endonucleases, polymerases and ligase, were supplied by New England Biolabs, and used according to the manufacturer’s instructions Custom oligonucleotide...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 10:20

... SEM and TEM images of ␣-Fe2 O3 nanotubes in sample S1 (a and b), Fe3 O4 nanotubes in sample S2 (c and d) and ␥-Fe2 O3 nanotubes in sample S3 (e and f) B Lv et al / Particuology (2008) 334–339 and ... outer and inner diameters of 70–120 nm and 45–80 nm, respectively Fig 3(c) and (d) show the morphologies of Fe3 O4 nanotubes (sample S2), with their well retained nanotube structure Fig 3(e) and ... López-Urías, and Mu˜ oz-Sandoval (2005) n simulated the micromagnetic property of iron nanorings, and they found large coercive fields for din /dout > 0.5 (din and dout are the inner and outer diameters...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:06

... sensor was exposed alternately to 0.9 and 1.2% NO2 (or 3.1 and 6.5% NH3 ) gas and to dry air at room temperature for a repeated five cycles alternately The dry air and the NO2 (or NH3 ) gas were maintained ... 30, 35, 40, 45, 55, 65, 75, 85 ◦ C) and four operating voltages (2, 5, 10 and 20 V), and the measurements were replicated five times for each operating voltage and each temperature The results obtained ... Fig 3(a) and (b) Only representative data at room temperature and V operating voltage are shown in Fig 3(a) and (b), respectively Fig shows that sensors had a very high response to NH3 and NO2...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:06