means particularly through electrical signals or electromagnetic waves

... reproduced, stored in a retrieval systemor transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as pe~i~ed under Section 107 or t 08 ... are where Ei = kki The directions orthonormal unit vectors following the right-hand rule Similarly for the scattered wave, let k,, G,, and 6, form an orthonormal system Then Es = e ikr itsEas ... are available for download from our web site at w w w emwave corn They are provided to serve two main purposes The first is to supply our feaders a hands-on laboratory for performing numerical...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 13:40

... therefore, τ = 1/α will represent the mean-time between collisions 14 Electromagnetic Waves & Antennas – S J Orfanidis In a typical conductor, τ is of the order of 10−14 seconds, for example, for ... cases Fig 2.1.1 Forward and backward waves The two special cases corresponding to forward waves only (G = 0), or to backward ones (F = 0), are of particular interest For the forward case, we have: ... 1.2 Lorentz Force The force on a charge q moving with velocity v in the presence of an electric and magnetic field E, B is called the Lorentz force and is given by: F = q(E + v × B) (Lorentz force)...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 13:46

... (annihilation) operator of a phonon for a state having wave vector r r r q , Cq is the electron-phonon interaction constants I n ,l ,n′,l ′ ( q ) is the electron form factor, it is written as ... semiconductors[9] as well as in quantum wells[10], but it fit the case of linear absorption [8] Acknowledgments This work is completed with financial support from the Vietnam National Foundation for ... semiconductors[9] as well as in quantum wells[10], but it fit the case of linear absorption [8] Conclusion In this paper, we have obtained analytical expressions for the nonlinear absorption of...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 11:20

... growth through the regulation of mTOR The mTOR protein assembles into two functionally distinct complexes: mTORC1 (mTOR complex 1) and mTORC2 [39] Activation of Akt indirectly (through phosphorylation ... mTOR-containing complex, by growth factors stimulates the phosphorylation and activation of its substrate Akt on Ser473 Thus, mTOR through mTORC1 and mTORC2 activities participates in the signalling ... ‘active’ form corresponds to the activity of the nonphosphorylated form of the enzyme measured [28,29] Protein concentration was determined by the Bradford-based Bio-Rad assay Electrophoretic mobility...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 01:20

... + ct) Fig 2.1.1 Forward and backward waves The two special cases corresponding to forward waves only (G = 0), or to backward ones (F = 0), are of particular interest For the forward case, we have: ... Taylor series approximation (1 +x)−1 −x, which is valid for |x| More generally, www.ece.rutgers.edu/∼orfanidi/ewa 57 58 Electromagnetic Waves & Antennas – S J Orfanidis – June 21, 2004 to first order ... two waves with two different frequencies and polarizations www.ece.rutgers.edu/∼orfanidi/ewa 31 32 Electromagnetic Waves & Antennas – S J Orfanidis – June 21, 2004 2.2 Monochromatic Waves Uniform,...

Ngày tải lên: 27/05/2014, 02:43

... ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE ... ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE ... ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE RF ÆTHE ORCE...

Ngày tải lên: 04/06/2014, 12:40

... formula for the cavity design were presented Several examples for X Preface the rectangular cavity was introduced for atmospheric microwave plasma torch as a rectangular, which has uniform electromagnetic ... Chapter The Eigen Theory of Electromagnetic Waves in Complex Media 53 Shaohua Guo Chapter Electromagnetic Waves in Cavity Design Hyoung Suk Kim Chapter Wide-band Rock and Ore Samples Complex Permittivity ... and adapt the work in any medium, so long as the original work is properly cited After this work has been published by InTech, authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in any...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... advantage of more simple scalar variant of the theory according to which the electromagnetic field is described by scalar size Thus we lose an opportunity to analyze polarizing effects The base formula ... has appeared proportional intensity I =   of the wave reflected πr   from the corresponding smooth basic surface, therefore for the theoretical analysis of results it is more convenient to ... open problems e.g beam-forming structures or periodic structures Moreover, it can be utilized in the analysis of closed structures e.g waveguide filters or resonators 29 Electromagnetic Wave Material...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... (36) are the modal equations of electromagnetic waves in anisotropic magnetics 59 The Eigen Theory of Electromagnetic Waves in Complex Media Electromagnetic waves in bi-anisotropic media 5.1 ... permeability, and the corresponding eigen vectors The former are coordinate-independent and the latter are coordinate-dependent Because the eigen vectors show the principal directions of electromagnetic ... crystal; three kinds of electromagnetic waves in biaxial crystal and three kinds of distorted 72 Behaviour of Electromagnetic Waves in Different Media and Structures electromagnetic waves in monoclinic...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... (vector network analyzer or six ports) or scalar reflectometry The vector network analyzer is used here (Agilent E5071B) The second step is the theoretical modeling The physics model for the measurement ... ∂z ∂t dt (32) Therefore, this means that E remains constant for each electrons moving with velocity, v From the Lorentz force equation, dv e = − E = (const.) dt m (33) for each particle with ... during the metal ore exploration by borehole radar which is an operating mode of GPR, the permittivity difference between ore body and surrounding rock is the foundation for exploration As the...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... grade ore, light alterative bornblende pyroxenite, marble, hybrid diorite, granitization granite 114 Behaviour of Electromagnetic Waves in Different Media and Structures Rocks Rock or Ore names ... rhyolite porphyry The albitophyre ore is clearly distinguishable from the others in the real part Other rocks and ore are ambitious in permittivity Rocks Ores Rock or Ore names albite rhyolite porphyry ... Xinjiang, China 118 Rocks Ores Behaviour of Electromagnetic Waves in Different Media and Structures Rock or Ore names vesicular amygdaloidal andesite massive diorite andesitic copper ore Fig no 11(5a)...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... Ltd , China for their collaboration and support with the case work The author is also indebted to Professor Yi SU of National University of Defense Technology, China and Professor Zheng'ou ZHOU ... in the direction of a light vector or a polarization vector, i.e an electric field vector of quantum of light The same dependence is offered in the work [7] The formula (2.2) has the simplified ... whole metal through single atoms Therefore for an outer photoemissive effect, i.e for interaction of the solid and the photon, Einstein's formula E = A + E1 is applicable absolutely For the inner...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... Indeed, transit times even less than ps have been reported for compound semiconductor field effect transistors [40] In such ultrashort channel transistors, carriers experience very few scattering events ... tool for discussing transient carrier transport Fig Carrier transport in (a) long diffusive channels (b) very short ballistic channels (a) In conventional long-channel transistors, their performance ... transformation of the time domain THz traces is also discussed, which is of practical importance for its exploitation in ultrafast electromagnetic wave oscillators Acknowledgment The authors thank...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... dangerous for human since far-field measuring equipments not work correctly Since we are far from energy storing region, all kinds of radiation could be seen in form of spherical waves This not-uniform ... wide-band spiral or horn) in pattern and are not suitable for isotropic EMF exposure metering There are other sensors used for low frequency applications based on Pockels-effect (E-field sensor) and Hall-effect ... for X′1 for X′ (73) (74) X Z and Z′ = - YSinI - YSinI For the extra ordinary wave given by Equation (71): μo ≈ ( − X ) + Z 2 μo ≈ Z X′ ( − 3X′ ) ( − X′ ) X ( − 3X ) 4(1 − X) X2 ( X − 1) for...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... short circuit L were formed by shorting the pads for the capacitor on the coplanar line S and the coplanar line L In Fig 1, each S21 of the small tantalum capacitor and large tantalum capacitor ... review of the conventional theory and engineering Review of the conventional theories and engineering 2.1 EMW theory The EMW theory is the most trusted fundamental theory for the AC circuit including ... theory was based on the vector EMW equation The vector EMW equation has been developed by fusing the Maxwell’s 250 Behaviour of Electromagnetic Waves in Different Media and Structures theory...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... semiconductor Insulator Line width Anode Fig 23 Layer formation of the on-chip LILL In Fig 23, the attenuation appears caused by the n-type semiconductor layer which is made of the organic material or ... electron form factor in Eq (13) and Eq.(14) We insert the   for expression for n n ,N ,k (t)  a doped superlattice into the expression for j⊥ (t) and then ⊥ insert the expression for j⊥ (t) ... or the inorganic material, and the n-type semiconductor and the cathode form the Schottky junction diode The p-type semiconductor is also permitted In this case, the p-type semiconductor is located...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... transverse electromagnetic (TEM) waves exist in a sourceless medium It shows that TEM waves can be classified according to whether their Poynting vector is identically zero or nonzero The former are ... have TEM waves with E  H From here, that it is useful to classify TEM waves according to whether their Poynting vector is identically zero or nonzero The former are E  H standing waves and ... propagation vector It might be more appropriate to use the term wave vector in place of propagation vector for these standing waves since they not propagate If E  H in one Lorentz frame K ,...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... and the surface waves regardless of their exact nature: leaky SPPs (optics) or leaky waves (microwaves and millimetre -waves) Needless to say, it does not account unfortunately for the potential ... 797-802 Lorrain, P & Corson, D (1970) Electromagnetic Fields and Waves, Freeman, San Francisco, 2nd ed Marion J B & Herald, M H.(1980) Classical Electromagnetic Radiation,Academic, New York, 2nd ... 16 Electromagnetic Response of Extraordinary Transmission Plates Inspired on Babinet’s Principle Miguel Navarro-Cía, Miguel Beruete and Mario Sorolla Millimetre and Terahertz Waves Laboratory,...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... another more accurate reduction of order form of LDE than LLE, which also implies a corresponding reduction of order series form of LDE In this section, we will present this reduction of order form ... external fields are electromagnetic fields which can be expressed by the functions of the proper time and spacetime coordinates Therefore the external force has the Lorentz-force form:       ... interpretations; the results of Lorentz transformation or just two different proper times The charge undergoes the uniformly accelerating motion along the x direction of the laboratory frame, and we calculate...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... that initial laboratory time t = corresponds to initial proper time τ = The distance of electron away from the origin varies with the laboratory time t can be written out according to Eqs (54) ... an electromagnetic waves is shown in Fig Fig Names and wave lengths of electromagnetic waves “THz wave” means an electromagnetic wave with a “terahertz” frequency band Generally, research work ... frequency According to this data, the transmission probability of THz waves is not high for many solid materials From the next section, actual measurement made for polyethylene, through which THz waves...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20