materials requirements for photobiological hydrogen production

... initial methane conversion (50% for AC1, 45% for AC2 and 51% for AC3) and initial methane cracking rates (0.6mmol/min.g for AC1, 0.55mmol/min.g for AC2 and 0.623mmol/min.g for AC3) of activated carbons ... an application for decarbonization of fossil fuels, Int J Hydrogen Energy, 2001, 26, 1165-1175 [5] Muradov N.Z, From hydrocarbon to hydrogen carbon to hydrogen economy, Int J Hydrogen Energy, ... (160-201kJ/mol for ACs and 205-236kJ/mol for CB) The rate of methane cracking reaction is the sum of rates of carbon nuclei formation and carbon crystallites growth The rate of carbon nuclei formation...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 15:28

... staple foods The desirable developments for future food production, from a welfare viewpoint, would seem therefore to emphasise meat production to meet the demand for protein that accompanies increased ... grain Alcohol production from grain and grain availability World grain availability has been affected in the past, mostly by the demand for food for humans and feed for livestock Grain for livestock, ... industries for production of alcohol from biomass, but this seems to be some time into the future [California Energy Commission, 1999] A huge demand for grain, or the transfer of land into production...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 23:20

... Chapter Materials Development for Sulfur–Iodine Thermochemical Hydrogen Production 81 Bunsen Wong and Paul Trester Chapter Materials Requirements for Photobiological Hydrogen Production ... current efforts in developing these materials that are described in this book A brief introduction to the material issues for each of these areas of hydrogen use follows Hydrogen Production Hydrogen ... Chapter Hydrogen Permeation Barrier Coatings 181 C H Henager, Jr vii 5024.indb 11/18/07 5:44:10 PM viii Materials for the Hydrogen Economy Chapter Reversible Hydrides for On-Board Hydrogen...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 16:20

... synthesis requirements ii Sufficient information currently exists to conduct conceptual design studies on these systems For all of these reasons, it therefore appears that for fuels, chemicals and hydrogen ... have been for the generation of process heat, steam and electricity R&D outlined below, geared to producing syngas for fuels, chemicals and hydrogen production, would be beneficial for filling ... means to adjust the H2/CO ratio of the syngas to match synthesis requirements For hydrogen production, it is desirable to maximize the production of H2 over CO in the gasifier by promoting the water-gas-shift...

Ngày tải lên: 18/03/2014, 02:20

... Membrane Reactors for Hydrogen Production Processes Marcello De Falco Luigi Marrelli Gaetano Iaquaniello • • Editors Membrane Reactors for Hydrogen Production Processes 123 Editors ... useful compounds For example, in the case of steam reforming of light hydrocarbons for producing hydrogen, a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) step could be used for recovering pure hydrogen not permeated ... re-combination of atomic hydrogen to form hydrogen molecules at the gas/metal interface; • desorption of hydrogen molecules 30 A Basile et al Fig 2.7 Scheme of pure hydrogen production by hydrocarbons...

Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2014, 10:34

... reactors for hydrogen production In this article, we focus our review on the inorganic membranes systems for hydrogen separation and for membrane reactors involving the removal of hydrogen Hydrogen-permselective ... stable Therefore, they are attractive for applications in hydrogen production reactions There are various types of porous membranes that have been tested for hydrogen separation or production ... membrane’s resistance to hydrogen embrittlement [24] and increase hydrogen permeance [25] For example, in PdAg, the most commonly used alloy for hydrogen extraction, the hydrogen permeability increased...

Ngày tải lên: 13/05/2014, 01:01

... Chapter Materials Development for Sulfur–Iodine Thermochemical Hydrogen Production 81 Bunsen Wong and Paul Trester Chapter Materials Requirements for Photobiological Hydrogen Production ... current efforts in developing these materials that are described in this book A brief introduction to the material issues for each of these areas of hydrogen use follows Hydrogen Production Hydrogen ... Chapter Hydrogen Permeation Barrier Coatings 181 C H Henager, Jr vii 5024.indb 11/18/07 5:44:10 PM viii Materials for the Hydrogen Economy Chapter Reversible Hydrides for On-Board Hydrogen...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 17:20

... Chapter Materials Development for Sulfur–Iodine Thermochemical Hydrogen Production 81 Bunsen Wong and Paul Trester Chapter Materials Requirements for Photobiological Hydrogen Production ... current efforts in developing these materials that are described in this book A brief introduction to the material issues for each of these areas of hydrogen use follows Hydrogen Production Hydrogen ... Chapter Hydrogen Permeation Barrier Coatings 181 C H Henager, Jr vii 5024.indb 11/18/07 5:44:10 PM viii Materials for the Hydrogen Economy Chapter Reversible Hydrides for On-Board Hydrogen...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:20

... have a range of H2/CO ratios.20 The H-to-C mole ratios for some carbon feedstock materials are about 0.1 for wood, for coal, for oil, and for methane.10 In general, the higher the hydrocarbon ... Francisco, October 12–15, 2003 Issues in Hydrogen Production Using Gasification 5024.indb 19 19 11/18/07 5:44:36 PM 20 Materials for the Hydrogen Economy materials as supplemental carbon, and can ... acid Syngas H2/CO needs can range from a 2:1 ratio for methanol production to 100% CO 5024.indb 13 11/18/07 5:44:32 PM 14 Materials for the Hydrogen Economy Table 1.1 Ratios of H2/CO Produced...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:20

... of renewable hydrogen production, in Solar Hydrogen, K Rajeshwar, S Licht, and R McConnell, Eds., in press 11/18/07 5:52:01 PM Materials Requirements for Photobiological Hydrogen Production ... review of polymer materials for solar water heating systems, Trans ASME, 122, 92–100, 2000 5024.indb 144 11/18/07 5:52:04 PM Materials Requirements for Photobiological Hydrogen Production 145 88 ... 5:51:45 PM Materials Requirements for Photobiological Hydrogen Production 129 to allow the cultures periods of normal photosynthetic activity to replace storage material required for respiration...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:20

... 157 11/18/07 5:52:21 PM 158 7.1 Materials for the Hydrogen Economy Introduction Carbon and low-alloy steels are common structural materials for high-pressure hydrogen gas vessels and pipelines ... intensity factor for crack extension in hydrogen gas (K TH).10 Data are for low-alloy steels tested under static loading 5024.indb 169 11/18/07 5:52:44 PM 170 Materials for the Hydrogen Economy ... intensity factor for crack extension (K TH) in low-alloy steels.43 Data are for high-strength steel tested in low-pressure hydrogen gas 5024.indb 171 11/18/07 5:52:47 PM 172 Materials for the Hydrogen...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:20

... liquid hydrogen 700 bar 350 bar 0 10 15 20 25 100 30 Hydrogen mass density (wt %) Figure 9.1  Plot of hydrogen weight fraction and hydrogen volume density for some representative hydrogen storage materials ... with the high hydrogen capacity materials is that they are often quite stable and require high temperatures for hydrogen release The desired form of a reversible hydride reaction for on-board ... MXHY + heat ≡ XM(s) + Y/2H2(g) (9.1) 11/18/07 5:53:13 PM 194 Materials for the Hydrogen Economy Hydrogen Densities of Materials 200 Hydrogen volume density (gH2/L) NH3BH3(3) Mg(OMe)2.H2O 150 Mg2NH4...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:20

... relatively straightforward to select materials for PEM fuel cells that meet two of the three key requirements: cost, durability, and performance The challenge is to find a combination of materials that ... capillary forces in the GDL pores (which reflects the real measurement of water removal capacity).315 They presented a new method for 5024.indb 285 11/18/07 5:55:08 PM 286 Materials for the Hydrogen ... on fuel cell performance (From Du, B et al., JOM, 58, 44, 2006 With permission.) 5024.indb 289 11/18/07 5:55:12 PM 290 Materials for the Hydrogen Economy failure and pinhole formation, two primary...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:20

... 312 11/18/07 5:55:29 PM Materials Issues for Use of Hydrogen in Internal Combustion Engines 313 the presence of hydrogen gas Therefore, the needle and seat material for a hydrogen fuel injector ... 109-11, 112f 5024.indb 320 Materials for the Hydrogen Economy sulfuric acid decomposition and, 93-99 surface modification for reducing, 241-45 Costs, photobiological hydrogen production, 135-40 Cromium ... costs in photobiological hydrogen production, 137-38 Carbon dioxide emissions, 6-7 hydrogen production and, 37-38 equivalent (CE), 162 feedstock, 2-4, 6, 15t ConocoPhillips gasifiers and, 11 for gasification,...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... Chapter Materials Development for Sulfur–Iodine Thermochemical Hydrogen Production 81 Bunsen Wong and Paul Trester Chapter Materials Requirements for Photobiological Hydrogen Production ... current efforts in developing these materials that are described in this book A brief introduction to the material issues for each of these areas of hydrogen use follows Hydrogen Production Hydrogen ... Chapter Hydrogen Permeation Barrier Coatings 181 C H Henager, Jr vii 5024.indb 11/18/07 5:44:10 PM viii Materials for the Hydrogen Economy Chapter Reversible Hydrides for On-Board Hydrogen...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... have a range of H2/CO ratios.20 The H-to-C mole ratios for some carbon feedstock materials are about 0.1 for wood, for coal, for oil, and for methane.10 In general, the higher the hydrocarbon ... Francisco, October 12–15, 2003 Issues in Hydrogen Production Using Gasification 5024.indb 19 19 11/18/07 5:44:36 PM 20 Materials for the Hydrogen Economy materials as supplemental carbon, and can ... acid Syngas H2/CO needs can range from a 2:1 ratio for methanol production to 100% CO 5024.indb 13 11/18/07 5:44:32 PM 14 Materials for the Hydrogen Economy Table 1.1 Ratios of H2/CO Produced...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... R., Anode catalyst materials for PEM-electrolysis, in New Materials for Electrochemical Systems IV Extended Abstracts of the Fourth International Symposium on New Materials for Electrochemical ... (1998) 23 Ando, U and Tanaka, T., Proposal for a new system for simultaneous production of hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide by water electrolysis, Int J Hydrogen Energy, 29, 11349–11354 (2004) 24 ... intermediate temperatures, especially for the air electrode A recent review of SOFC anodes by Jiang and Chan85 is a good source for Ni/ZrO2 information as well as for information on various other cermets...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... 4.4 Materials Development for the S-I Cycle 90 4.4.1 Materials of Construction 90 4.4.1.1 Materials of Construction for Section I 91 4.4.1.2 Materials of Construction for ... electrolyzer for high-efficiency production of hydrogen, Int J Hydrogen Energy, 28, 483– 490, 2003 32 Werkoff, F., Marechal, A., and Pra, F., Techno Economic Study on the Production of Hydrogen ... cycle, which in turn determine the materials performance requirements Advances in materials technology can redefine these flow sheets, as better-performing materials will allow the reactions...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... Mo and Ta < 0.1 mm/yr Hydrogen embrittlement effects Candidate Materials Materials Options for Section III: Hydrogen Iodide Decomposition Table 4.18 110 Materials for the Hydrogen Economy 11/18/07 ... experimental set up for the solar H2SO4 decomposition experiment 5024.indb 97 11/18/07 5:46:11 PM 98 Materials for the Hydrogen Economy Table 4.10 Principal Materials of Construction for the H2SO4 ... 2005 5024.indb 121 11/18/07 5:51:36 PM 5024.indb 122 11/18/07 5:51:36 PM Materials Requirements for Photobiological Hydrogen Production Daniel M Blake, Wade A Amos, Maria L Ghirardi, and Michael...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21