marine ostracod distributions during the early breakup of southern gondwanaland

... The development of the DGE system enables the sequencing of total cDNA for the derivation of an accurate measure of gene expression, both individually and comprehensively, and the discovery of ... gene profiles during the early development of the maize brace root was acquired by deep sequencing For the first time, we have comprehensively characterized the molecular basis of the physiological ... [20] We thus propose that these transcripts might be also induced by the break up of Solexa profiles of maize brace roots tissues during the emergence of the brace root from the stem node, which in...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 17:20

... localization of all Cy-5 labeled viral particles inside cytoplasm Results The number of viroplasms and the level of the NSP2 protein increase during rotavirus infection, in direct correlation with the ... infected cells, and their number and size increased as the infection proceeded (Figure 1) To quantitate the increase in the number of viroplasms during infection, the number of viroplasms in 400 ... Throughout the course of infection, and independently of the MOI used, or the time post infection analyzed, the population of small viroplasms predominated in number and also in proportion of all...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 02:20

... diagnosis of myopathy and IL-6 as well as SOFA as test variables We combined the diagnostic tests regarding sensitivity and specificity of SOFA and IL-6 to indicate myopathy with the help of the known ... wrote the final manuscript and is head of the project, which is funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft MD and DK participated in the design of the study, in data analysis and in writing the ... dysregulation of glucose and protein metabolism due to systemic inflammation and the development of myopathy [13,14] Measurement of muscle membrane excitability during early critical illness offers...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 20:22

... affected by degeneration of the articular cartilage In the present study, we cannot answer how the error of ignoring nonsulfated disaccharides could affect the measurement of the total keratan sulfate ... of hyaluronan suppressed progression of osteoarthritis One of the mechanisms was to prevent release of keratan sulfate from the cartilage matrix This could be monitored by the concentration of ... appeared to suppress the keratan sulfate concentration (Figure 4, center) The average of the maximum keratan sulfate concentration during the 5-week period in each rat in the hyaluronan group...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:22

... VEGF Therefore, VEGF could be a survival factor for alveolar epithelial cells On the other hand, these cells are one of the main sources of VEGF in the lung [11] Thus, the death of alveolar epithelial ... lead to cell death In the present study, we investigated the release of VEGF, and the expression and distribution of VEGF and its receptors in the lung during the early onset of ALI induced by intestinal ... roles at different stages of the development of and recovery from ALI/ARDS [7] We hypothesized that, in the early stage of lung injury, the release of VEGF from alveolar epithelial cells and leukocytes...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 03:20

... the early stage of atherosclerosis, the number of Cx43 gap junction plaques increased and the diameter of gap junction became smaller in during endometrial thickening During the progression of ... connections The present study aimed to detect the expression of Cx40 and Cx43 in the artery at early stage of high fat diet induced atherosclerosis and to investigate the effects of AT1 antagonist ... changes The internal wall of vessels was slick in the normal group, while lumens were smaller in the high fat diet group than in the normal group Vessel wall is in the condition of rugosity and the...

Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2012, 09:39

... transport of the viral genome to nucleus and the start of the virus replication finally complete the early steps of virus life cycle The attachment of HBV A major limitation to study HBV early steps of ... However, the early steps of HBV infection including of the penetration of virus and release of its genome into host cells is uncertain In general, the early step of virus infection in which the virus ... the Golgi for further modification of its glycans in the surface proteins, and then are secreted out of the host cell to finish the life cycle HBV replication and viral protein synthesis in the...

Ngày tải lên: 03/11/2012, 10:09

... rich source of biomarkers for the early detection of cancer The blood proteome changes constantly as a consequence of the perfusion of the diseased organ adding, subtracting or modifying the circulating ... measure of the mass to charge (m/z) value of the 80 ion The ion spectra can be analysed by computerassisted tools to classify a subset of the spectra by their characteristic patterns of relative ... subset of the proteins in the sample bind to the surface of the chip (Panel a) This interaction is specific as the chromatographic binding is based on the inherent amino-acid sequence of any...

Ngày tải lên: 15/02/2014, 05:20

... levels of apoptotic markers during the late stages of MPyV infection However, comparison of the levels of apoptotic markers and cytotoxicity during the replication of wt MPyV, and replication of the ... as a control of sample loadings Discussion In the present work, the cytotoxic properties of the minor structural proteins (VP2 and VP3) of the MPyV were studied in the absence of other virus components ... inducers of apoptosis The low toxicity of tVP3, observed during the first 24 h post-transfection, suggests that domain of the minor capsid proteins may be important for the potentiation of apoptosis...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 09:20

... previous dearth of outlets for savings helps explain the initial success of the savings banks, and also accounts for the profile of the typical account-holder By the end of 1818 there were nearly five ... on the whole they were given greater discretion over both the range of assets they could hold and the rate of interest they could pay In 1818 the state of Maryland granted the Savings Bank of ... Britain The rate of growth tapered off thereafter, and throughout the United Kingdom most of the savings banks still in existence in mid-century had been established by the early 1820s.13 The savings...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 10:20

... indicate the position and orientation of the primers Bold font represents the sequence of mature miR9* and italic fonts the sequence of mature miR9 (C) RT-PCR analysis of pri-miR9s during the neuronal ... vivo imaging of gene expression of endogenous pri-miR9 during neurogenesis To image in vivo the endogenous expression of the pri-miR9 in small animals, 2.5 · 106 of P19 cells bearing the miR9-1PN3_Fluc ... differentiation (A) The chromosomal region of has-primiR9-1 (B) Schematic diagram of the upstream region of pri-miR9-1 fused to a promoterless FLuc reporter vector The promoter sizes of the construct...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 17:20

... change the preference of site utilization; and (c) promotion of the dissociation of Chordin cysteine-rich (CR)-containing fragments from the ligand They suggest that the first of these three is the ... of some (or many) of the factors involved in modifying BMP signaling are still undetermined or may be variable depending on the situation of the cell or the timing during embryogenesis Nevertheless, ... cell types [18] The morphogen concentration is high in the ventral and lower in the dorsal domain The steepness of the gradient is determined by how much BMP there is available The different concentration...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 00:20

... the absence of the SK fragment (B inset) Dependence with the pH of the wavelength of the maximum of the fluorescence spectra for the ANS + SK 1–63 mixtures relative to the spectrum of free ANS ... their detachment from the remainder of the protein Domain A, on the other hand, is destabilized by 9–10 °C when excised from the rest of the chain Visual inspection of the crystal structure of ... characterization of the thermally induced aggregation of SK using a variety of techniques The results provide us with some of the properties of these high molecular mass aggregates and help to delimit the...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 03:20

... secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the ... councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special ... breast cancer to more clearly define the significance of early lesions, the need for the development of biomarkers, and the importance of assessing the effectiveness of new technologies in decreasing...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 12:20

... previous dearth of outlets for savings helps explain the initial success of the savings banks, and also accounts for the profile of the typical account-holder By the end of 1818 there were nearly five ... on the whole they were given greater discretion over both the range of assets they could hold and the rate of interest they could pay In 1818 the state of Maryland granted the Savings Bank of ... Britain The rate of growth tapered off thereafter, and throughout the United Kingdom most of the savings banks still in existence in mid-century had been established by the early 1820s.13 The savings...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 10:20

... provided that the masters and ushers of the Grammar School should be members of the Church of England, but said nothing about the creed of the masters of the other schools The consternation in the town ... February 3, 1852, the Principal examined our theological class on an inaugural lecture delivered at the opening of the college The subject of the lecture was the inspiration of the Bible The two students ... question, one of which maintains that the inspiration of the Scriptures differs in kind from that of other books: the other that the difference is one only of degree To which of these parties...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 01:20

... to other areas Most accounts of the history of the law of bills and notes are based on the assumption that the main focus of this body of law has always been the concept of negotiability, in the ... part of the corpus of the law of bills and notes An examination of treatises on the law of bills published in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries confirms the view that the role of ... picture of the profession's sense of this body of law by looking at the organization and emphasis of the topics in these four works.9 A more detailed discussion of these and other treatises, and their...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 03:20

... that of 1910–1914 Others say the 1929 A’s were the best team in the history of the game The most fascinating history for me personally was the formation of the American League and my grandfather’s ... pennant winners They talked of the toughness, the gentleness, the sharpness and humor, the shrewdness and generosity of the “Old Man.” But none of them, not even his children, the youngest of whom was ... itself the Hub of the Universe — The Hub became a widely used sportswriters’ jargon for the city — the Athens of America The Brahmins who ruled it deplored the influx of Irish immigrants They hired...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 13:20

... was one of the first (in 1904) to form a distribution company (a regional rental exchange), that bought shorts and then rented them to exhibitors at lower rates The Warner brothers opened their ... Hill in the Spanish-American War, the Boer War in S Africa, the Galveston flood of 1900, President McKinley's assassination in 1901, Roosevelt's inauguration in 1904, and the aftermath of the San ... brothers opened their first theatre, the Cascade, in New Castle, Pennsylvania in 1903, and then in 1904 founded the Pittsburgh-based Duquesne Amusement & Supply Company, the precursor to Warner Bros...

Ngày tải lên: 21/03/2014, 22:53

... not only the drift proper, or horizontal component of the pressure on the side of the surface, but also the head resistance of the framing as well The weight of the machine at the time of this ... at the time of the first flight and 24 miles at the time of the last The Early History of the Airplane, by 12 ***** Wilbur, having used his turn in the unsuccessful attempt on the 14th, the ... front of the main surfaces in such a position that the action of the wind upon it would counterbalance the effect of the travel of the center of pressure on the main surfaces Thus changes in the...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 18:20