... bitexts, and one on two billion words of English These were smoothed using modified Kneser-Ney (Chen and Goodman, 1998) and stored using randomized data structures similar to those of Talbot and Brants ... between string -to- string (s -to- s) and fuzzy tree -to- tree (t-tot) grammars All rewrites occurring more than 1% of the time in either system are shown The label “entity” stands for handwritten rules ... ) is substituted into rule (γ1 , α1 ) to yield (γ3 , α3 ) target-language instead of source-language symbols string -to- string max nested tree -to- string string -to- tree tree -to- tree • The substitution...
... four different annotators, and were corrected in a second stage, again without overlap, by two corrector-annotators The annotators’ task was to indicate the locations of accents and/ or breaks that ... with n ranging from to 25, and computed in an iterative growth procedure: loglikelihoods of n + 1-grams were computed by expanding all stored n-grams one word to the left andto the right; only ... 9999 Distance to sentence boundaries – Distance of the current token to the start of the sentence (D2S) andto the end of the sentence (D2E), both measured as a proportion of the total sentence...
... deck and only one turntable may seem like a good idea, it may lead to a lot of confusion, and force your hand in many mix situations You’ll have to mix from vinyl to CD, to vinyl to CD, and so ... information on how to sell yourself, how to create a great sounding (and looking) demo, and what to once you get work DJing is not simply a case of standing in the DJ booth expecting everyone to love everything ... you love, and jump into Chapter – or whichever chapter takes your fancy! If you want to know about beatmatching, go to Chapter 12; if you want to know how to connect your equipment, go to Chapter...
... moth dispersal and damage, and other tree diseases and insect infestations Aerial photos can be used for land use and land cover inventories andto gain a synoptic view of the site within its ... for example, states: Landscape architects are expected to develop site or land use plans that take into consideration the off -site and on -site influences to development Landscape architects must ... The site analysis also considers regulatory constraints such as zoning and other land use controls Mapping the site s opportunities and constraints is essential for sustainable land planning and...
... e.g., CD-ROMs and web sites, students are now less dependent on teachers for information, and instead can work together to find and share knowledge All the same benefits of cooperative learning presented ... including: Compared to a whole class format, in cooperative learning, students have more opportunities to talk andto share ideas This interaction with groupmates encourages students to restructure ... brainstorming what they already know about a topic and how they have acquired this information The teacher then helps students to put these ideas into more general categories W - what I Want to...
... According to this, the monitoring and control problems were identified and the use of artificial neural networks to solve them was justified Types of sensor signals, network structures, and output ... training data The classifiers that belong to this group are the learning vector quantizer (LVQ1 and 2) and feature map The role of the neural network classifiers is to characterize the decision boundaries ... x2 = mean of torque, x3 = variance of torque, x4 = mean of torque in retraction stroke, x5 = mean of thrust force, x6 = covariance of torque and force, x7 = correlation of torque and thrust force,...
... they can do…other than to hand you something to read.) Or maybe you really want to stop⎯most self-injurers I’ve been able to get to know genuinely do and you need the hope and healing that the ... come together Your friendship means the world to me, and I can’t wait to see how God will use you to touch the lives of kids wherever he takes you Doug, I’ve never needed a patient editor more, and ... their friends, and fears about their future The bottom line is this: If we genuinely care about kids, we’ll want to take the time to hear their stories, we’ll want to help them try to make sense...
... as query to a search engine to retrieve snippets, and generate features for each tokens in the same way as done in the training phase We then use the trained model to tag the snippets, and extract ... of terms and translations as seeds to obtain andto tag mixedcode snippets returned by a search engine, in order to train a CRF model for sequence labels This CRF model is then used to tag the ... requiring minimal human intervention to prepare the training data Method To find translations for a given term on the Web, a promising approach is automatically learningto extract phrasal translations...
... ADAPTING TO WEB STANDARDS CSS and Ajax for Big Sites Christopher Schmitt, Kimberly Blessing, Rob Cherny, Meryl K Evans, Kevin Lawver, and Mark Trammell Adapting to Web Standards: CSS and Ajax ... Web site is to reap the benefits of a Web standards-based UI, it needs to be considered at all levels, and plans should be introduced that will allow the siteto grow intelligently The Keys to ... responsible for the design and those building the site, CMS, and applications need to begin to collaborate as early as possible in order to plan ahead Taking Inventory and Templates Most design...
... programming? Abstraction and reusability They make it easier to reuse and adapt previously written code and they separate complex programs into smaller, easier to understand classes Object oriented ... overall experience for students AutoTutor eschews the pattern-based approach entirely in favor of a BOW LSA approach (Landauer and Dumais, 1997) Later work on AutoTutor(Wiemer-Hastings et al., 2005; ... and whether or not the answer was contradictory The system uses a decision tree trained on part-of-speech tags, dependency types, word count, and other features to attempt to learn how best to...
... GiveRel [HANDEL TempOver h4 hl], [HANDEL Some [HANDEL ] hl], h9], ChairReI[HANDEL hlO], To[ HANDELh12], KimRel[HANDEL hi,I) J Figure 2: The generalized MRS of the string "Sandy gives a chair to Kim" ... [HANDELhl2] [.ANDEL hIJ]\ |ARG v13| z6 J [PREP x6 J ' KimRel L INST To Some I BV RESTR [.SCOPE x7 ] hlO h11J / Figure 1: The MRS of the string "Sandy gives a chair to Kim" LISZT (SandyRel [HANDEL ... processing the training corpus 215 "HANDEL hl INDEX e2 LISZT [.ANDEL hl] IHANDELhi SandyRel L INST ~5 , [HANDEL hlO], ChairRel L INST x7 J ] HANDEL h9 ez [RANDEL x5 |PREPARG ' TempOver [EVENT...
... stance), and an increasing ability to intervene Their emotional coping strategies (see pages 22 and 23) may also evolve and change Infants and Toddlers Babies and toddlers are too young to understand ... essential to building trust and ensuring her safety PROMOTE ACCESS TO COMMUNITY SERVICES BELIEVE AND VALIDATE HER EXPERIENCES Listen to her and believe her Acknowledge her feelings and let her ... see the aftermath, or are told about it .Learning to Listen The first step is to listen, respectfully and without judgment Woman abuse and child maltreatment are illegal and hidden behind closed...
... community and likely of PLA units with trained CNO operators • Some CNE operations may be designed for purely reconnaissance purposes to map out network topologies and understand the command and control ... militia group in March 2008 and tasked it to conduct network warfare research and training, andto “attack the enemy’s wartime networks” according to the unit’s Website 64 62 OSC, CPP20080601711001, ... reflected in the doctrinal guidance to “strike the enemy’s nodes to destroy his network, ”43 directs commanders to attack the adversary’s C2 and logistics networks first and exploit the resulting “blindness”...
... [26] and incorporated into the structure calculation protocol Initially, 100 conformers were generated that were forced to satisfy the experimental data during a standard automatic cyana protocol ... present higher R2 values with respect to the mean These correspond to residues 82–84 and 104 in the membrane interaction face and segments 140–147 and 159–163 towards the end of the protein sequence ... wild-type protein (B) and the StnII-R29Q (C) and StnII-Y111N (D) variants Blue and red correspond to positively and negatively charged areas, respectively The side chains of R29 and Y111 are shown...
... translation motivated operators, on a given monolingual elementary tree, to transform it into similar but simpler trees, and expose such statistical preferences to the decoding process to select the best ... level, and the model using a single oper¯ ator t is to be deterministic Thus, the final set of models to learn are pa (α |γ ) for rule alignment, and the pref¯ ¯ erence model pb (γ |t, γ, m), and ... (R2 Xv Y )) Table 5: Operators for manipulating the trees possible due to the many -to- many alignment, insertions and deletions of terminals So, we introduce the operators to remove the interior...
... centimeter to the left ”) Imagine that you had to provide instructions on how to accomplish this task to someone entirely unfamiliar with toothbrushes, toothpaste, and teeth That is how it is to write ... (the top left corner and the bottom right corner) The mode here is “CORNERS” (see Figure 1.9) Pixels top left (5,5) 9 rectMode (CORNERS) rect (5,5,8,7); bottom right y top left top left x y bottom ... teachers, and artists come together to share work, contribute ideas, and expand the features of Processing A quick surf-through of the processing.org Web site reveals this vibrant and creative...
... on topics chosen by tutee Essay topics Table Pre-service teachers and the students they tutored, English writing levels of the students and topics of student essays 330 S J Shin Learningto teach ... education, the teacher educator also contributes toand benefits from this clinical practice and reflection 344 S J Shin Notes Tom and Soo Young had to be assigned to new students because their ... required them to reread all of the tutoring journal entries that they had written and then to highlight major points and lessons that they had learned in a two to three page essay They were to reflect...
... vector machine learning for interdependent and structured output spaces In Proc of ICML V.N Vapnik 1998 Statistical learning theory John Wiley and Sons, New York K Woodsend and M Lapata 2010 Automatic ... bigrams) and ROUGE-SU4 (based on both unigrams and skip-bigrams, separated by up to four words) are given by the official ROUGE toolkit with the standard options (Lin, 2004) Pyramid (Nenkova and Passonneau, ... used these labels to train our joint extractive and compressive system described in Section Of the 288 total sentences presented to annotators, 38 were unedited, 45 were deleted, and 205 were compressed...
... (Cuchiarelli et al., 1998), uses unsupervised learningto expand a manually constructed system and improve its performance The learning algorithm tries to supplement the manually constructed system ... examples are used to train the classifiers and then, unlabelled examples are presented to the classifiers Examples that cause the classifiers to disagree are good candidates to retrain the classifiers ... consists of a lexicon and a grammar The lexicon is a set of NEs that are known beforehand and have been classified into semantic classes The grammar is used to recognize and classify NEs that...
... objectives: to provide a better understanding of key NCO attributes and their interrelationships; to provide metrics to measure progress in developing transformed, network- centric forces; andto help ... situational awareness OFT and OASD (NII) tasked RAND to undertake a study to apply the NCO CF to the air -to- air combat mission The primary objective of this case study is to understand whether the relationships ... commands, and the defense agencies For more information on RAND’s Acquisition and Technology Policy Center, contact the Director, Philip Antón He can be reached by e-mail at ATPC_Director@rand.org;...