lagrangian of an electric charge in an electromagnetic field

... clear and illuminating Quite understandably, because of the importance of the phenomenon of the radiation of accelerating charges in the design and fabrication of instruments and devices, many ... origin Thus,  is measured from the origin and increases in a clockwise motion We can easily find the maximum and minimum values of x() and y() over a single cycle of  The maximum and minimum ... Dekker, Inc All Rights Reserved 18.1.3 Motion of an Electron in a Crossed Electric and Magnetic Field The final configuration of interest is to determine the path of an electron which moves in a...

Ngày tải lên: 19/04/2016, 11:40

... the gauge transformations Problem 14 Lagrangian of Charged Particle in Electromagnetic Field Show that the Lagrangian of a particle with the charge q moving with the velocity v in an electromagnetic ... the scalar and vector potentials ϕ and A is q L = mv − qϕ + A · v c (14) Solution: Taking the vectors of the electric and magnetic fields E and B represented in terms of the scalar and vector ... Lecture notes in a particular case of a single particle of charge q Comparing the expression for the Lorentz force in the form (22) with the definition (2) of the generalized force in terms of the velocity-dependent...

Ngày tải lên: 24/05/2014, 19:10

... corresponding formalism for Lagrangian we’ll use different principle to derive Hamiltonian, which will turn out to be exactly (9) Note we will be interpreting the canonical momentum p as −i¯ , following ... (19) where use was made of H0ψ0 = i¯ ∂t ψ0 But phase shift in single electron’s h∂ wave fctn can’t affect observables, since physical quantities bilinear in h ψ and ψ ∗, norm of e−iS/¯ is This result ... sense of complacency, since it’s exactly what we expect from classical E & M: since φ is constant inside cage, E = 0, so no physical changes But in 1959 Aharanov and Bohm1 looked at variation of...

Ngày tải lên: 24/05/2014, 19:10

... π2 sin ly p sin θ sin ϕ lx p sin θ cos ϕ lz (q − p cos θ) sin sin 2 × [p2 (q − p cos θ) sin2 θ cos ϕ sin ϕ]−2 (16) Because the integrand in the general formula (16) does not simultaneously vanish ... cross-sections of conversions of photon into radion in the presence of several external fields such as the static electric field of the condenser and the static magnetic field of the solenoid ... conversion in electric field III.2 Conversion in magnetic field Next, we consider the conversion of photon into radion in a homogeneous magnetic field of the solenoid with radius R and a length...

Ngày tải lên: 30/10/2015, 19:51

... nonparabolicity of distribution functions of carriers In [11, 12], the magnetoresistance was derived in the presence of a strong EMW (laser field) for two cases: the magnetic field and the electric field of ... dependence of the HC on the external fields, including the EMW It is obtained for arbitrary values of the indices N ′ and N We can see that the analytical result appears very involved In the next ... using Hamiltonian (4) and the procedures as in the works [9-14], we obtain the quantum kinetic equation for electrons in the single (constant) scattering time approximation Then utilizing the similar...

Ngày tải lên: 31/10/2015, 10:41

... supplying the information has become less important: demand for information is becoming the most important aspect of the information chain What's more, information is playing an increasingly ... Preamble • The information and information services on the Internet are very heterogeneous: information on the Internet is being offered in many different kinds of formats and in many different ... when interacting with human users 3.2 Examples of agent applications and entire agent systems Because of the fact that a lot of research is being done in the field of agents, and Intelligent Software...

Ngày tải lên: 08/10/2012, 15:22

... or caffeine usage Subjects in the present study ingested 39 mg of p-synephrine and 528 mg of caffeine the day before testing followed by ingestion of an additional 13 mg p-synephrine and 176 ... contained C 193 aurantium extract (AdvantraZ®, 6% p-synephrine yielding 13 mg p-synephrine), 176 mg caffeine in the form of guarana extract, and 55.5 mg of green tea extract with small amounts of ... mg octopamine and undisclosed amounts of other ingredients including catechin polyphenols The hemodynamic effects of a single dose of a C aurantium extract (Advantra Z®) that contained 46.9 mg...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2012, 11:10

... groupwork in language teaching in general and in teaching writing in particular the definitions of groupwork, the uses of groupwork in language teaching and in teaching writing, its advantages and ... popularized and shared with anybody who is interested in CHAPTER 2: WRITING WHAT IS WRITING? In teaching a language, writing is considered one of the four language skills (speaking, listening, reading and ... gathering ideas for the body, ordering and linking paragraphs in essays and writing and revising short essays Teaching writing essays was also discussed in this chapter Essay writing was for intermediate...

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2012, 14:31

... limestone mining and cement companies (CPRM, 1998) Anthropogenic inputs of zinc include manufacturing processes (production of iron, chemicals, pulp and paper, and petroleum products), and domestic ... stations Delineation of the areas of influence of monitoring stations Delineation of the area of influence of each monitoring station was based on the basin relief Relief can be digitally represented ... values of a set of samples and can be used to estimate the exposure-point contamination of the areas of concern, determine the achievement of cleanup standards, and finally estimate the natural...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 10:15

... Fellow of the Engineering Institute of Canada, the Canadian Academy of Engineering, the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and the International ... achievement in the development of Canada, and the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering’s Angus Medal for outstanding contributions to the management and practice of mechanical engineering He ... value of 0.42 for human resources indicates the human effort involved in designing and maintaining the automated machines The ranking assigned for human resources may be higher during manufacturing,...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 14:58

... is estimated using the number of animals and the annual dry excrement production of one animal [13] Manure resources in China in 2006 are included in Table [14] Data in Table indicates that Area ... Yuan in rural China [17] Therefore biogas plants can be acquired only by relatively rich farmers Farmers' annual mean income in China in 2006 is shown in Table [18] Table Farmers' annual mean income ... 2007;5:105–109 [in Chinese] [6] Hou Gl, Li JY, Zhang YG Agricultural climate resources in China Beijing: University of People’s of China Press; 1993 [in Chinese] [7] H B Xu The Principle of Analytic...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 15:28

... performance of buildings The themes of papers are: building comfort indoor, energetic performances of buildings and of its components, energetic analysis of the vernacular architecture in Mediterranean ... importance of all environmental burdens contained in an LCI and at aggregating them to a single indicator, GWP100 On the types and quantities of gases emitted into the atmosphere, expressed in terms ... The production of 1kg of RDF is obtained with an overall efficiency of 40% and an electric energy consumption of 0.083 MJ (Table 4) Table Inventory of the production of kg of RDF Input Waste Water...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:10

... given set-point distance On the beginning of the learning the robot is near a wall in an unknown Vr = min(Va , Cvg Vmin ), where Vmax and Vmin are the maximum and minimum chosen linear speed, ... decreasing of the linear speed of the robot Conclusion We are interested in the navigation of a mobile robot in partially known environment such as inside an of ce or a flat In such cases, a plan of ... Head of the Electrical Engineering Department of the Institute of Technology since 1999 His research interests within the Complex Systems Laboratory of CEMIF concern methods of processing inaccurate...

Ngày tải lên: 23/10/2013, 15:15

... supplying the information has become less important: demand for information is becoming the most important aspect of the information chain What's more, information is playing an increasingly ... Preamble • The information and information services on the Internet are very heterogeneous: information on the Internet is being offered in many different kinds of formats and in many different ... when interacting with human users 3.2 Examples of agent applications and entire agent systems Because of the fact that a lot of research is being done in the field of agents, and Intelligent Software...

Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2013, 17:15

... Halliday to analyze English and Vietnamese idioms denoting work in term of the contrastive analysis and to classify them in accordance with their semantic and syntactic feature 3) Finding and making ... The meaning of idioms cannot be determined just by looking at or understanding the meaning of the components in isolation, we had better obtain the relationship between the connotative and Prepositional ... English and Vietnamese idioms denoting work 5) Suggesting possible ways of learning and teaching English idioms denoting work FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 SYNTACTIC FEATURES OF ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE...

Ngày tải lên: 26/11/2013, 13:16

... sources of data, four main findings about the use of Peer-editing in teaching essay writing were achieved Each of them was described and discussed in the following section 28 29 CHAPTER 4: FINDINGS ... Foreign Languages Faculty, LHU and the application would bring about significant changes in students’ learning of this subject in terms of their improvement in the writing ability and their enhanced ... deeper insights into the link between peer-editing activities and students’ motivation or between editing work and students’ development in their language competence in terms of generating and organizing...

Ngày tải lên: 10/12/2013, 18:19

... a language skill involving a wide range of sub-skills It is more than simply hearing; it is decoding sounds and understanding the meaning behind those sounds 2.3.1.2 The Importance of Listening ... teaching plays an important role in the period of modernization and industrialization For the educational innovation, many considerable changes in teaching and learning English at high schools in ... challenging and difficult one by both foreign language teachers and students In reality, in many high schools in Vietnam in general and in Nghe An in particular, teaching English listening skills...

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 00:41

... presented by a sound or combinational sounds and in printing or writing that symbolizes and communicates a meaning and may consist of a single morpheme or a combination of morphemes ← - Morpheme: ... thing in the world and it is evidently attached to the human being In the field of language teaching, error is the problem that any teachers have to face This is the reason why many linguists and ... universal of language learning process whether there is an internal syllabus for learning a second language Applied analysis of errors mainly concerns with organizing remedial courses and devising...

Ngày tải lên: 18/12/2013, 10:04

... by the incomplete understanding of language competence The intentionality plays an important part in distinguish errors and mistakes James (1998) points out that error is an instance of language ... (1991:182) Carl James in "Error in language teaching and use" defines error "as being an instance of language that is unintentionally deviant and not self- corrigible by its author" According to Richard ... form, meanings and the distribution of forms and meaning of their native language and culture to the foreign language and culture" (Lado, 1957:2) According to Oldin (1989), transfer is the influence...

Ngày tải lên: 18/12/2013, 10:04