key functions of osi network layer

... 39 Network Layer Protocols and Internet Protocol (IP) Học viện mạng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 3 • Define the basic role of the Network Layer in data networks • The protocols of the OSI ... Transmission Unit (MTU). Part of the control communication between the Data Link layer and the Network layer is the establishment of a maximum size for the packet. Network Layer Fields Học viện ... 5.1.1 ) Network Layer Fields Học viện mạng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 14 • 8 bits • Specifies the level of importance that has been assigned by upper -layer protocol Routing and Layer...

Ngày tải lên: 22/12/2013, 13:17

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 21:20

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 01:20

... outgoing link Network Layer 4-11 Network layer connection and connection-less service ❒ datagram network provides network- layer connectionless service ❒ VC network provides network- layer connection ... “signaling” Transport layer: TCP, UDP Link layer physical layer Network layer Network Layer 4-41 IP addressing: CIDR CIDR: Classless InterDomain Routing ❍ subnet portion of address of arbitrary length ❍ address ... router 223.1.1.1 223.1.1.2 223.1.1.3 223.1.1.4 223.1.2.9 223.1.2.2 223.1.2.1 223.1.3.2 223.1.3.1 223.1.3.27 network consisting of 3 subnets subnet Network Layer 4-5 Two Key Network- Layer Functions ❒ forwarding: move packets from router’s input...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2012, 15:06

... of TCP be affected in by the use of wifi connections? 3. What does the use of the mechanism of fast retransmit improve the performances of TCP in wireless environments in? 4. Another series of ... a packet of duration of a time interval each one. b) Represent then the sequence of frequencies used on the successive time intervals when the master station has a packet of a duration of three ... packet of a duration of a time interval each one. c) Represent finally the sequence of frequencies used on the successive time intervals when the slave station S1 has a packet of duration of five...

Ngày tải lên: 17/09/2012, 09:13

... 194.12.230.140. 1. Propose a mask of sub -network for the network of company. 194.12.230.0 is a Class C address, the last byte must be used to encode the numbers of sub -network and the numbers of hosts in each ... Rescue extent of the sub-networks of the department Y - Beginning and ending addresses - Mask - Lease duration - … 2. IP Mobility 2.1 IP Mobile 1. Let a network be constituted of IP mobile terminals ... on the physic network. 1 The network layer Addressing and routing 1. Mobility and addressing 1. What is the DHCP protocol used for? Assign IP addresses and network conguration of automatic way. 2....

Ngày tải lên: 17/09/2012, 09:13

Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2012, 09:58

... being stupid again. In short, syntactic functions of English adjectives are ordered clearly as in the following table: Kinds of adjective Semantic functions of English adjectives Gradable non- ... opened the letter. In short, syntactic functions of English adjectives are ordered clearly as in the following table: kinds of adjective Syntactic functions of English adjectives attributive Predicative Pre- modification post- modification as ... adjectives and their semantic and syntactic functions of English adjectives. Chapter III is a study to a new approach to semantic and syntactic functions of English adjectives. Chapter IV is to...

Ngày tải lên: 10/04/2013, 14:46

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 14:58

... This distribution is used to model errors that are a product of effects of a large number of factors. The product of a large number of positive random variates tends to have a distribution that ... effect on the quality of the voice/ Wireless Networks362 Figure 13.9 DCF state machine [18] 13 Simulation of Wireless Network Systems This chapter deals with simulation of wireless network systems. ... comparing the results of the Wireless Networks344 allows TBRPF to update the network with a single broadcast for a constant complexity of Q(V). While a string topology shows a limitation of TBRPF and...

Ngày tải lên: 29/09/2013, 21:20

... transferred among actors in a network a network • There is a flow of resources within the network There is a flow of resources within the network Points of Difference: Points of Difference: • SN theorist ... Brands • Flow of Communication across subgroups Flow of Communication across subgroups • Diffusion of Innovation Diffusion of Innovation • Likelihood of Activation as a referral source Likelihood of Activation ... Thought and Practice: The Influence of Social Network Theory of Social Network Theory Presented at the Presented at the Networks and Complex Systems Networks and Complex Systems A talk series...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2013, 20:15

... birth of the field of biochemical engineer- ing. Following on the heels of the antibiotic products was the development of efficient microbial processes for the manufacture of vitamins (riboflavin, cyanocobalamine, ... fraction of the multitude of plant secondary metabolites. Over 10,000 of these low mole- cular weight compounds are known but the actual numbers are probably in the The Natural Functions of Secondary ... canker of stone fruit trees and holcus spot of maize, and is also a broad-spectrum antibiotic against procaryotes and eucaryotes including Geotrichum candidum [81]. Proof of the role of antibiotics as...

Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2013, 02:20

... function of the unit. The output layer units often have linear activations. In the remainder of this chapter, linear output layer activations are assumed. The layers sandwiched between the input layer ... neural network structure will be handy here to model the mixture of Gaussian likelihood function. Since the weighted sum of the mixture of Gaussian density functions is still a mixture of a Gaussian density ... training MSE reached by MLP networks of each size. 2.3.1.1 MLP Pattern Storage The pattern storage of a network is the number of randomly chosen input–output pairs the network can be trained to...

Ngày tải lên: 12/12/2013, 23:15

... be regarded as a special case of an ensemble network. 1.2.5.2 Mixture of Expert (MoE) Network In a mixture of expert (MoE) network [13], each individual neural network module will spe- cialize ... are two basic types of committee machines: (1) ensemble network and (2) mixture of experts. 1.2.5.1 Ensemble Network In an ensemble network [9]–[12], individual modular neural networks will be developed ... neural networks, the ability of neural networks to learn from their environments in supervised as well as unsupervised ways, as well as the universal approximation property of neural networks...

Ngày tải lên: 12/12/2013, 23:15

Ngày tải lên: 22/12/2013, 12:54

... upper layers of the networking model. This framing method can be provided by the Data Link layer, the Physical layer, or by both. • Signal patterns can indicate: start of frame, end of frame, ... Physical layer. Characteristics & Uses of Network Media Học viện mạng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com • The Physical layer is concerned with network media and signaling. This layer produces ... purpose of Physical layer signaling and encoding as they are used in networks • Identify the basic characteristics of copper, fiber and wireless network media • Describe common uses of copper,...

Ngày tải lên: 22/12/2013, 13:17

... numbers – FIN: No more data from sender Transport Layer Role and Services • Major functions of the transport layer and the role it plays in data networks – Tracking the individual communication ... the establishment of TCP sessions Học viện mạng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 29 Transport Layer Role and Services • Describe the role of segments in the transport layer and the two ... Website: www.bkacad.com 25 Transport Layer Role and Services Học viện mạng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 9 • At the Transport layer the three basic operations of reliability are: – Tracking transmitted...

Ngày tải lên: 22/12/2013, 13:17

... this configuration, one network adapter handles the network traffic that is addressed to the server as part of the cluster. The other network adapter carries all of the network traffic that is ... numbers. iv Module 8: Concepts of A Network Load Balancing Cluster  Be able to discuss the filtering algorithm.  Be able to discuss all of the components of the Network Load Balancing driver. ... explain the topology of the Network Load Balancing driver. Note 10 Module 8: Concepts of A Network Load Balancing Cluster Applications and Services  Compatible Network Load Balancing...

Ngày tải lên: 18/01/2014, 05:20

... Telephone Networks » SONET and SDH transport networks » Cellular mobile telecom networks » Public Switched Telephone Networks » SONET and SDH transport networks » Cellular mobile telecom networks Issue ... between telecommunication systems : 3 » Inter -network synchronisation » Inter -network synchronisation Network Network A A System System data data Network Network B B System System atomic clock atomic ... function (TF) » TF = A plot of : Amplitude of output jitter (frequency) Amplitude of input jitter (frequency) » TF = A plot of : Amplitude of output jitter (frequency) Amplitude of input jitter (frequency) - - 20 20 - - 10 10 0 0 10 10 0.001f 0.001f 0.01f 0.01f f f peakpeak f f 10f 10f 100f 100f modulation modulation frequency frequency Gain...

Ngày tải lên: 12/02/2014, 11:20

... NJ (2011) The essential role of the Cu(II) state of Sco in the maturation of the Cu(A) center of cytochrome oxi- dase: evidence from H135Met and H135SeM variants of the Bacillus subtilis Sco. ... variety of possible functions. Given that the fold of Sco proteins resembles that of proteins involved in thiol-disulfide redox chemistry, it is reasonable to assume that the primary role of Sco proteins ... oxidoreductase function of the CXXXC motif of human Sco proteins could therefore be impli- cated not only in the maturation of the Cu A site of Cox2 but also in the maintenance of cellular copper homeostasis. The...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 18:20