katp channels in vascular smooth muscle

... c-Jun may be involved in Ang II-induced AGT mRNA expression (Fig 1C) DNA-binding activity of STAT5B and c-Jun increases in Ang II-induced AGT expression To find out whether the increase in STAT5B ... assays (EMSAs) using radiolabeled oligonucleotides containing either a STAT5B-binding site or an AP-1-binding site in the rat AGT gene promoter As shown in Fig 2A,B, DNA–protein complexes were ... oligonucleotide probes containing the AP-1-binding site (A) and the STAT5B-binding site (B) in the AGT gene promoter Protein–DNA complexes were separated by nondenaturing PAGE and then visualized...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 02:20

... sonicator for 5min The amount of protein of the solubilized cells was determined with a bicinchoninic acid protein assay kit (PIERCE, Rockford, IL, USA) using bovine serum albumin as a standard ... induce apoptosis in various cell lines [8–15,29], the inhibitory effect of TS on the cell growth at higher concentrations might prevent the increase in the enhancing effect of TS on LPS/IFN-induced ... described in Fig In this study, to obtain information about the mode of actions of TS, we examined the effect of TS on LPS/IFNinduced NO production in VSMC We found that TS activated LPS/IFN-induced...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 04:20

... localisation of vinculin spots displayed in (A) binding partners, including a-actin [39] Changes in the relative content of vinculin and a-actin have been reported in the human aortic intima of patients ... element-binding protein in sera of giant cell arteritis patients Protein extract is from vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) (A) IgG reactivity to far upstream element-binding protein (FUBP2) in five ... VSMCs and HUVECs Vinculin is a cytoskeleton protein involved in extracellular matrix adhesion and intercellular junctions by binding to actin filaments This protein has several interaction sites...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 17:22

... specific vascular smooth muscle ion channels involved in mediating the effects of PVAT Our findings provide novel evidence regarding the potential role for specific coronary PVAT-derived proteins in ... paracrine influence on vascular function, several groups sought to examine whether PVAT is involved in the vascular dysfunction observed in obesity and MetS PVAT in obesity Increased pro-inflammatory ... altered in several vascular beds in MetS Identify the specific vascular smooth muscle signaling pathways and end effector ion channels that mediate the vascular consequences of PVAT in MetS Rationale...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2014, 12:30

... [31,34–36] As binding of Ab to the basement membrane is an early step in Ab-induced VSMC toxicity, we have examined the effect of substrate-bound Ab on the growth of vascular smooth muscle cells in culture ... levels are further increased in the presence of homocysteine DISCUSSION In CAA, Ab deposition occurs principally in association with the vascular basement membrane [8,12,47] Binding to the extracellular ... substratebound Ab can increase apoptotic cell death in vascular smooth muscle cell cultures in vitro and that the cardiovascular risk factor homocysteine increases Ab-induced cell death The study also shows...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 07:20

... modulating neurotransmission at the nerve smooth muscle junction remains to be determined In a number of smooth muscle tissues, the precursor of cADPR b-NAD+ is released at rest and upon firing of ... suggesting that prejunctional P2 receptors were not involved in the facilitating effects of cADPR In contrast, the inhibitors of intracellular cADPR receptors 8-Br-cADPR (80 lm) and ryanodine (50 ... acetylcholine that might have been released during EFS of murine bladder detrusor smooth muscles caused increased formation of ATP, we examined the effect of carbachol, a stable analog of acetylcholine,...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 23:20

... anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of AD success in slowing disease progression has not been forthcoming in clinical trials [44] This lack of success may reflect intervention too late in ... leptomeningeal smooth muscle cells Amyloid 1994, 1:1-7 Davis J, Cribbs DH, Cotman CW, Van Nostrand WE: Pathogenic amyloid β-protein induces apoptosis in cultured human cerebrovascular smooth muscle ... phosphate-buffer saline The cells were then solubilized in a buffer consisting of 50 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl, pH 7.5 containing 1% SDS, mM EDTA, and Complete proteinase inhibitor cocktail (Roche, Indianapolis,...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... has inspired much interest Both types of kinases add phosphate groups to residues near the actinbinding sites at the C-terminal region of CaD, thereby decreasing its effectiveness of actin binding, ... F-actin was stained with rhodaminephalloidin and incubated for h Finally, cell-loaded coverslips were rinsed and mounted on glass slides in Mowiol (Sigma) Images were obtained using a laser scanning ... A, Sakanyan V: Dissecting DNA-protein and protein-protein interactions involved in bacterial transcriptional regulation by a sensitive protein array method combining a near-infrared fluorescence...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:21

... various pro-inflammatory stimuli involved in the pathogenesis of COPD In addition, we investigated the intracellular signalling mechanisms involved, in particular the role of protein kinase C (PKC) ... PKC is involved in the synergistic effect of muscarinic receptor stimulation with CSE PKC plays an important role as a signalling intermediate in pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion by inducing ... atropine reduces lung inflammation induced by diesel-soot in rats [10], and that tiotropium bromide inhibits several aspects of airway inflammation and remodeling in ovalbumin-sensitized guinea...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 11:22

... homologues including TRPC3 [3]) in contributing to agonist induced ROC activity [4] SOC activation in many cell types including smooth muscle is known to involve depletion of the intracellular ... STIM1 results in reduced Ca2+ influx in response to histamine but not bradykinin Suppression Suppression of STIM1 results in reduced Ca2+ influx in response to histamine but not bradykinin (a & b) ... influx in airway myocytes involving either activation of SOC or ROC In contrast to vascular smooth muscle, L type voltage dependent calcium channels (VDCCs) appear to play a negligible role in...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:20

... proteins that are involved in maintaining calcium homeostasis TNF-α stimulates the expression of a calcium-binding protein, calbindin-D28K, in neuronal cells [12], and increases activity of proteins ... generation in cultured murine tracheal rings, it is interesting to note that carbachol-induced increases in force generation were also increased as compared with those obtained in freshly harvested ... to carbachol in murine tracheal rings Murine tracheal rings were harvested and placed in culture overnight in an equal mixture of Ham F-12 and DMEM (vol/vol, 10% fetal bovine serum) in the presence...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:20

... high-affinity binding site for a G-protein in its GDP-bound inactive state The receptor specifically interacts with the C-terminus of the α subunit of the G-protein heterotrimer G-protein binding ... myosin binding subunit of myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP) to inhibit phosphatase activity, resulting in net increased phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC) and an associated increase ... protein-coupled receptor signaling in airway smooth muscle contributing to elevated airway smooth muscle tone Within the context of airway remodeling, G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 13:20

... proteins The domains include an N-terminal kinase domain, a calmodulin (CaM) binding domain, a series of eight ankyrin repeats, two P-loops, a cytoskeletal binding domain, and a death domain (Figure ... apolipoprotein E bicinchoninic acid basic fibroblast growth factor calmodulin calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase C-terminal HSC70-interacting protein E3 ubiquitin ligase C-type lectin ... Schematic showing domains in DAPK, including the N-terminal ser/thr kinase domain, a Ca2+/calmodulin binding domain which contains an auto-phosphorylation site at ser308, a series of ankyrin repeats,...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2014, 11:25

... consists of fibroin fiber proteins instead of keratin fiber proteins like that of fur bearing mammals.4 The most common mineral fibers are asbestos Examples of mineral fibers include chrysotile, ... are created by taking linear combinations of the original variables Instead of determining directions of greatest variation like in PCA, CVs are constructed to maximize discrimination between groups ... baseline is present, two or more points that only contain baseline information can be used to estimate a line.30 To remove the sloping baseline, the estimated line is subtracted from the sample...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2014, 12:06

... α-actin (27) Smooth muscle- specific knockout of SRF in adult mice causes decreased smooth muscle contractile protein expression, resulting in decreased intestinal contractility and severe intestinal ... MRTFA to induce the expression of smooth muscle specific genes in non -smooth muscle cells To determine if Brg1 is required for smooth muscle cells to maintain the expression of smooth muscle- specific ... myocardin to increase SRF binding to the promoters of smooth muscle- specific genes within chromatin 80 Figure 18 Myocardin, SRF and Brg1 form a complex in vivo and Brg1 binds directly to myocardin...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2014, 12:13

... signaling molecules are involved in these protein kinase pathways Conclusions In summary, this study presents evidence that protein kinases play an important role in regulating SOCs in smooth muscles ... Figure Diagram highlighting protein kinase modulation of SOCs in rat PASMCs Note that protein kinase G (PKG) and protein kinase A (PKA) inhibit SOC currents whereas protein kinase C (PKC) appears ... iPLA2: Ca2+-independent phospholipase A2; Ins(1,4,5)P3: inositol 1,4,5triphosphate; PASMC: pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell; PKA: protein kinase A; PKC: protein kinase C; PKG: protein kinase G;...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:21

... data on vascular matrix integrity and expression of the major matrix molecules indicate that although both collagen and elastin production was stimulated in SMC, the even greater increase in MMP ... gelatinases (MMP2 and MMP9) (CSx) compared with controls (ctrl) exceeding elastolysis and collagenolysis and thus a dramatic loss of structural integrity Interestingly, in areas of exceeding matrix ... deleterious loss of vascular structural integrity is associated with GM-CSF overstimulation in macrophages and smooth muscle cells Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery 2010 5:66 Competing interests The...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 09:22

... receptor in SPA smooth muscle [6] is most likely to underlie the remaining suramin- and PPADS-sensitive component Interestingly, contractions of the rat LPA were abolished by both suramin and PPADS, ... slow agonist administration elicits much slower and smaller currents in vascular smooth muscle cells [36] Although this would be disadvantageous if studying P2X receptors, by minimizing the P2X response ... P2Y2 agonist UTP were not inhibited by suramin The remaining P2Y11 receptor is antagonised by suramin, but not PPADS [27], consistent with a role in mediating the ATP-induced ICl,Ca This is problematic,...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:20

... electrical coupling is the key ‘spring’ interlinking the Ca2+ stores has involved repeating the decoupling experiment of Fig 1, but inhibiting the oscillators (i.e the Ca2+ stores) while leaving the ... caffeine-containing physiological saline solution to the central region of a single bundle strip of guinea pig gastric circular smooth muscle caused decoupling when the store inhibitor was applied in a ... operates on the same principles as outlined for gastrointestinal smooth muscle, but differs from it in that the ‘springs’ that couple the oscillators now rely on voltage coupling mediated by Ca2+...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 09:20

... characterized using muscle- specific antibodies against smooth muscle actin and myosin Cells were maintained in DMEM supplemented with 10% (v/v) fetal bovine serum (FBS) and antibiotics in a humidified ... and stained for F-actin with rhodamine-conjugated phalloidin The effects of toxin B and latrunculin B on the actin filaments was examined by preincubating the cells with either 10 ngÆmL)1 toxin B ... levels in response to anisomycin, suggesting that an intact actin cytoskeleton is also necessary for anisomycin signaling Surprisingly, treatment of the cells with latrunculin B alone induced an increase...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 16:20