is the regulation cost effective

... are not a donor organisation, this is important to us" "Cost- effectiveness is considered but does not over rule other criteria" "Cost- effectiveness is usually a work of economists who have never ... severity, there was a clear preference for the severity of the disease over the cost- effectiveness of inter- vention This is surprising, given that Uganda is a context of extreme scarcity of resources; ... to prioritise solely on the basis of cost- effectiveness as the major guiding principle, like the first plan in the state of Oregon, have not had much success in practice [21] This is partly because...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 13:20

... LoopStar® 750 Cost- Effective Ethernet/TDM Services at the Metro Edge Features • Business-class metro Ethernet services • Carrier-class circuit emulation over ... voice/data/video services over Ethernet/IP with the same no compromise quality and robustness as a circuit delivered in native TDM over SONET/SDH • Use their installed SONET/SDH or Ethernet networks to support ... multiservice traffic efficiently across a single network to reach all customers with the same services and the same service levels With the management suite’s full range of performance statistics,...

Ngày tải lên: 10/12/2013, 19:15

... Network (SONET/SDH or Optical Ethernet) LEC Ethernet T1/E1 Ethernet T1/E1 LS 750 DS3 OCn T1/E1 or GigE 100base FX or GigE LS 722 The LoopStar 722 delivers cost- effective Ethernet and TDM services to ... easily as they emerge via a software download, rather than having to perform forklift upgrades • Easily deployed at the customer premise with full frontal access to interfaces.Can either be wall-mounted ... locations, whether located on the provider’s network or off Applications include: • Metro Ethernet private line or multi-point services • Voice and data private line / business services • Cost- effective...

Ngày tải lên: 10/12/2013, 19:15

... easy to see that the characteristics of a plant can decide the costing method as well as WCM that they need This means there is a relationship between costing method and WCM The statistics number ... aspects will be focused in this thesis Hence, the hypothesis will be established as below: Hypothesis H2: The impact of TQM practices implementation which improves the plant performance H2a: TQM ... adopted most and whether the current method that they use is effective and efficient In case they see the advantages of another manufacturing practice, they can decide whether they should change and...

Ngày tải lên: 13/03/2014, 14:20

... the advertising as reported by Nielsen) is highly correlated with the general cost inflation reported by the Television Bureau of Advertising 6 The Cost- Effectiveness of Military Advertising: Evidence ... recruiters, bonuses, the local economy, demographic changes, and the mission) and isolates the impact of advertising on active-duty enlistments The results for the Army indicate that advertising remains ... research on the effectiveness of military advertising 11 12 The Cost- Effectiveness of Military Advertising: Evidence from 2002–2004 The first study3 analyzed data gathered for the Army for the 1981–1982...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 14:20

... pattern is reminiscent of the PML bodies, a compartment in which Ankrd2 has previously been observed [17] The localization of pYFP-DNter2CFP-HIS is undistinguishable from the pYFP-CARPCFP-HIS localization ... shown) This result suggests that the short N-terminal CARP fragment is freed from the sarcomere, which is consistent with the results obtained by direct localization of the fluorescence and with the ... a deregulation of the NF-jB pathway and an increase in muscle fiber apoptosis [8] The participation of NF-jB signaling in the pathogenesis of LGMD2A is therefore an interesting possibility The...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 21:20

... NFκB is mainly involved in transcriptional regulation of these genes during the phase of reoxygenation [8,40] The temporal interplay of these transcription factors may be critical in the regulation ... MCP-5 are HIF-1 target genes This is illustrated by the presence of HIF-1-binding sites in their promoter regions, the up -regulation by hypoxia and cobalt chloride, and the general correlative relationship ... wrote/revised the manuscript Acknowledgements The authors thank Dr Peter Carmeliet at the University of Leuven, Belgium for providing the HIF-1α+/- mice and the workers in the Animal Facility at the NRC-Institute...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... annually in Pakistan is estimated to be 1500-2000 [32] The cost of one unit of red cells is estimated 120 pounds [14] in Britain while it costs 19.20 British Pounds in Pakistan [33] The regimen ... However, none of these agents are without complications [table 2] and the most important factors to consider in the developing world are the availability and cost effectiveness of these strategies ... Pakistan to 83 percent in Gambia [29] A large scale study [30] in Pakistan has shown that the screening coverage on the average has been 77.42% for HIV and 86.84% for HBV The prevalence of HIV is...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20

... annually in Pakistan is estimated to be 1500-2000 [32] The cost of one unit of red cells is estimated 120 pounds [14] in Britain while it costs 19.20 British Pounds in Pakistan [33] The regimen ... However, none of these agents are without complications [table 2] and the most important factors to consider in the developing world are the availability and cost effectiveness of these strategies ... Pakistan to 83 percent in Gambia [29] A large scale study [30] in Pakistan has shown that the screening coverage on the average has been 77.42% for HIV and 86.84% for HBV The prevalence of HIV is...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 07:20

... (Prezal®) aThe daily dosing schedule on which the cost effectiveness ratio is based, may not always reflect the actual dosages prescribed in clinical practice; bcost effectiveness is expressed as costs ... tests Table lists all direct medical costs that were included in the analysis, presenting the method of valuation, the cost price per unit and its source Unit costs were derived from the Dutch manual ... complication for the group using concomitant PPIs and the group not using concomitant PPIs To test the robustness of the results, two approaches were used The first one takes the uncertainty of the estimates...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:22

... (Prezal®) aThe daily dosing schedule on which the cost effectiveness ratio is based, may not always reflect the actual dosages prescribed in clinical practice; bcost effectiveness is expressed as costs ... tests Table lists all direct medical costs that were included in the analysis, presenting the method of valuation, the cost price per unit and its source Unit costs were derived from the Dutch manual ... complication for the group using concomitant PPIs and the group not using concomitant PPIs To test the robustness of the results, two approaches were used The first one takes the uncertainty of the estimates...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 13:22

... to the atmyb60-1 mutant (Figure 4C) Conversely, under the same conditions, the lines expressing the VvMYB60 gene displayed a rate of water loss indistinguishable from the one observed in the ... biosynthesis functional group received little attention This work shows the identification of the grape VvMYB60 gene, as a functional ortholog of the Arabidopsis AtMYB60 gene, involved in the regulation ... together with revealing the function of this gene in these organs Nevertheless, it is reasonable to conclude that the stomata-specific activity of the VvMYB60 Page 10 of 14 promoter in Arabidopsis...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:21

... care is high in usual care, there may be ceiling effects operating even if the specialist depression disorder team is effective, but if usual care is poor then the specialist depression disorder ... The primary analysis will be change over the baseline to and 12 months The purpose of the analysis at 18 and 24 months is to determine if any change is maintained once the patient has been discharged ... generate service costs Medication costs will be obtained from the British National Formulary and hospital based costs will be obtained from NHS reference costs The cost of the specialist intervention...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 16:22

... always yields the correct diagnosis • The expected cost of screening N subjects and of detecting the cancers equals the costs of the tests undertaken, plus the costs of investigating the positives, ... exit the programme, incurring no further costs The total costs of the screening programme additional to no screening, i.e test costs, investigation costs, and the extra treatment costs of the ... million on administering the screening of over million women each year [24] To allow for the cost of administration, therefore, I add £4 to the cost of each scan and set the unit cost of the CT screening...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 11:22

... problems Another possible set of principles is a pure cost- effectiveness criterion [49] This entails utilising a process consisting of selecting first the intervention with the lowest cost- effectiveness ... and then calculating the total costs of averting this health problem The subsequent step chooses the intervention with the second lowest cost- effectiveness ratio and also calculating the total costs ... Bacterial conjunctivitis Schistosomiasis Total outlined Firstly, there were great differences in the estimated cost- effectiveness ratios placed at the top and at the bottom end of the cost per DALY league...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 11:22

... conducting the complete cost- effectiveness analysis, the results of this study are similar to other models published [44,47-49] where the use of the drug from the cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors group is the ... as the most cost- effective option compared to the other two alternatives for the treatment of joint pain due to OA of the knee and/or hip at the IMSS Discussion When estimating the NEB, it is ... celecoxib is superior to the other two choices, with a lower cost and higher effectiveness One-way sensitivity analysis For this type of analysis, it was decided to hypothetically vary the effectiveness...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 11:22

... required by risperidone to make olanzapine costneutral and then just cost- effective This head-to-head comparison indicated that risperidone is cost- neutral if the hospitalization risk ratio is reduced ... medication cost of each antipsychotic medication Cost- Effectiveness Information The cost- effectiveness measure in the model is the incremental cost- effectiveness ratio (ICER), which was calculated as the ... olanzapine therapy roughly the same as the comparator The values in the third column are the hospitalization risk ratios at which olanzapine was more costly, but relatively cost- effective in terms of cost...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 11:22

... among the 2–9 years old in each district Average Cost Effectiveness and Incremental Cost Effectiveness Analysis After establishing the costs and consequences of each alternative, the average cost ... explore these areas and the extent to which they act as a confounding factor None of the parameters used in the sensitivity analysis changed the position of the RDT as the most cost effective ... Total cost/ cases correctly diagnosed (g/j)** 17.1 11.0 5.7 a Visits Diagnosis Costs b Cost of Diagnosis (prior treatment) c Cost/ patient diagnosed (b/a) Treatment Costs Total Costs Total Effectiveness...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 11:22

... sector, there may be costs incurred by the patient and informal caregivers Further analysis could therefore be considered to expand the perspective of this analysis There are some limitations to this ... other professionals; maintenance and equipment repair costs; depreciation costs; administration costs; and hotel costs such as laundry, meals, cleaning, etc In the cost- effectiveness analysis, ... leaving the hospital cost neutral, a scenario analysis was performed Two scenarios were envisaged on the basis of the incremental effectiveness of the closed container, corresponding to the lower...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 11:22

... spite of the global solidarity towards funding (GAVI, WHO, UNICEF, among others) This raises concerns about the long term sustainability of the activities of the program Therefore, it is of the utmost ... a high risk of vaccine wastage and a high risk of dropout Furthermore, the top-down distribution of vaccines - from the central level to the regions, then to each health district, and then to ... Page of Figure The Map of Cameroon showing the ten regions coverage and efficiency This is because the quantity of vaccines is determined by the central level on the basis of administrative target...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 11:22