introduction to financial ratios and financial statement analysis pdf

... normal random variable. This relative value of kurtosis is referred to as excess kurtosis andisde&nedas excess kurt(X)=kurt(X) − 3 If excess the excess kurtosis of a random variable is equal to ... (1986), Hoel, Port and Stone (1971) and Hoag and Craig (19xx). Inter- mediate treatments with an emphasis towards applications in &nance include Ross (1999) and Watsom and Parramore (1998). ... zero then the random variable has the same kurtosis as a normal random variable. If excess kurtosis is greater than zero, then kurtosis is larger than that for a normal; if excess kurtosis is lessthanzero,thenkurtosisislessthanthatforanormal. 13 ...

Ngày tải lên: 02/04/2014, 17:30

... public and for compliance by all individuals and entities operating in the microfinance sub-sector. For the avoidance of doubt, Rural and Community Banks (RCBs), Savings and Loans Companies and ... Non-deposit taking Financial Non-Governmental Organizations (FNGOs). Money lenders and Financial NGOs are encouraged to belong to an umbrella Association. FNGOs desiring to take deposits shall ... other financial intermediaries already regulated under the Banking Act shall continue to be so regulated. All other intermediaries such as Susu companies and Susu collectors, money lenders and...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 09:20

... 4 ways to choose a ring for the left hand and, for each such choice, there are three ways to choose a ring for the right hand. Hence, there are 4 ·3 = 12 ways to choose a ring for each hand. This ... a random vector. Each component of the random vector X is a random variable. Next, we define a function g :  2 →  by g(x 1 , x 2 ) = x 1 + x 2 . The composition g(X) is equivalent to the random ... of conditional probability into (2.7) and mul- tiplying by P (B) leads to the equation P (A ∩B) = P (A) ·P(B). An Introduction to Statistical Inference and Data Analysis Michael W. Trosset 1 April...

Ngày tải lên: 16/01/2014, 16:33

... increasingly essential part of the financial infrastructure and have proven effective as tools to expand access to financial services and promote development of the financial sector. Given developments ... and payment systems may have surprising effects on competition in the financial sector, including costs and economies of scale, new entrants and institutional competition, and customer demand ... policy makers, researchers and the private sector all need to understand the complex dynamics that affect the financial sector. Within an existing regulatory environment and given national government...

Ngày tải lên: 03/06/2014, 00:59

Ngày tải lên: 12/06/2014, 16:14

... that used by Sandor and Erdman [4] and others, which is a quantitative synthesis method and requires a computer to execute it. Briefly, a set of simultaneous vector equations is writ- ten to represent ... presence of toggle positions between your and perpendicular lines, and definitions of arcs, etc., are all that are needed to generate these linkages. Compass, protractor, and rule are the only tools ... conveyor that stops for any operation to be done on the product, and then indexes Sylvester, reported on it to the product to the next work station where it again stops for another operation to be per- the...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 12:23

... link- age (crankshaft, connecting rod, piston) used in every piston engine and shown in Fig- ure 13-3 (p. 601). This linkage has two toggle positions (top and bottom dead center) giving it two branches ... fixed pivots Oz and 04 in the plane and the lengths oflinks 3 and 1. Link 1 is defined as vector G in Figure 5-4 (p. 202) and can be found from equation 5.2b (p. 191). Link 3 is vector V found from ... 5.27 and 5.18, by changing W to U and Z to S and using the definitions of the constants given in equation 5.30 in equation 5.27. It should be apparent that there are infinities of solutions to...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 13:20

... made in regard to graphical velocity analysis in Section 6.2 (p. 244) apply as well to graphical acceleration analysis. Historically, graphical methods were the only practical way to solve these ... wish to solve for 004, the angular velocity of link 4, and also for the velocity of slip at the joint labeled A. In Figure 6-18 the axis of slip is shown to be tangent to the slider motion and ... assume friction to be negligible in this ex- ample. Any force or velocity vector applied to point A can be resolved into two compo- nents along these two axes which provide a translating and rotating,...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 13:20

... oscillation to zero in the acceleration causes the jerk to have more abrupt changes and discontinuities. The only real justification for taking the acceleration to zero is the need to change its ... The fall is handled similarly. The rise functions presented here are applicable to the fall with slight modification. To convert rise equations to fall equations, it is only necessary to subtract ... the references for more information. This seems too good to be true (and it is). Zero acceleration means zero dynamic force. This cam appears to have no dynamic forces or stresses in it! Figure...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 13:20

... properties and stress and deflection analysis to properly shape and size parts for minimum mass while maximizing the strength and stiffness needed to withstand the dynamic forces. 10.4 MASS MOMENT AND ... process. The topic of stress and deflection analysis is beyond the scope of this text and will not be further discussed here. It is mentioned only to put our discussion of dynamic force analysis into context. ... corresponds to a center of rotation near the end of the handle, and the handle is usually contoured to encourage gripping it there. The explanation of this phenomenon is quite simple. To make the...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 13:20

... us to size the motor to deliver the average torque rather than the peak torque. One convenient and rel- atively inexpensive means to this end is the addition of a flywheel to the system. TORQUE ... in the torque required to drive it at a constant or near constant speed. The peak torques needed may be so high as to require an overly large motor to deliver them. However, the average torque ... moving links, and the negative pulses of torque as energy at- tempting to return from the links to the driver. Unfortunately most motors are designed to deliver energy but not to take it back....

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 13:20

... than the peak torque. We would like to provide some means to smooth out these oscillations in torque during the cycle. This will allow us to size the motor to deliver the average torque rather ... of torque as representing energy delivered by the driver (motor) and stored temporarily in the moving links, and the negative pulses of torque as energy at- tempting to return from the links to ... constant speed. The peak torques needed may be so high as to require an overly large motor to deliver them. However, the average torque over the cycle, due mainly to losses and external work done, may...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 13:20

... text. The student is encouraged to investigate these ex- amples with program ENGINE in order to develop an understanding of and insight to the subtleties of this topic. A user manual for program ... often arranged to fire cylinders in opposite banks successively to balance the fluid flow de- mands in the intake manifold. Our cylinders are numbered from front to back, first down the right bank and then ... one to the other, in order to stagger the mo- tions of the pistons in time. It should be apparent from the discussion of shaking forces and balancing in the previous chapter that we would like to...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 13:20

... warning and prompt you to save the data to disk. The Save and Save As selections on the File menu prompt you to provide a file name and disk location to save your current model data to disk. ... result and take you to the Engine Data screen (see Figure A-22). Click on the Run button to see the engine in operation. When you return to the Home screen you will find all the other buttons to ... must be square and can have up to 16 rows and 16 columns. C must be a vector with as many elements as A has rows. When the data have all been typed in and checked, click the Solve button and it will...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 13:20

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 07:20

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 07:20

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 07:20

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 07:20

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 07:20