... interestrate swap activity in any given country to the total (global) interestrate swap activity 28 Table USE OF INTERESTRATE SWAPS AND CURRENCY SWAPS (billions of US$) Year Activity for Interest ... the use of interestrate swaps when firms face economic exposure Exchange rate shocks have a microeconomic effect on the firm's cash flows and a macroeconomic effect on the interestrate in the ... lower interest rates by issuing a longterm debt and swapping the fixed long-term riskfree interestrate for the short-term riskfree interestrate by using a floating-for-fixed interestrate swap...
... Bank Stock Returns to Changes in Interest Rates (By Bank Characteristics and the Usage of InterestRate Derivatives) InterestRate Surprise Variable × InterestRate Surprise Level Swaps 0.212 ... Selected Interest Rates and the Associated InterestRate Surprises Percent Daily Target federal funds rate 5-year Treasury yield 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 (a) Selected Interest Rates Basis ... margins (net interest income as a percentage of interest- earnings assets) andinterest rates have generally found little evidence that net interest margins respond to changes in short-term rates or...
... significant at relatively high rates of inflation At lower rates of inflation, growth andinflation may simply be jointly troubled by various demand and supply shocks and hence shows no consistent ... References Andrade, J P and J R Faria (1994) “Money and Growth: From a QuasiNeoclassical Standpoint”, Revista Brasieira de Economia, Vol 48, pp 529-550 Andres J and I Hernando (1997) Does inflation ... (1995) InflationandEconomic Growth, NBER Working Paper 5326 Barro, R J and X Sala-i-Martin (1995) Economic Growth, McGrawHill, New York Bruno, M and W Easterly (1995) Inflation Crises and Long-Run...
... U.S and foreign short-term interest rates, and exchange rates in order to assess the effect of U.S monetary policy shocks on other variables in the SVARs Although the results for interest rates ... and the UK monetary policy process, see Bean (2001) and www.bankofengland.co.uk/monetarypolicy/ framework.htm These are published at www.bankofengland.co.uk Vol No Bank of England InterestRate ... Applied Econometrics (1): 1–13 Vol No Bank of England InterestRate Announcements 247 Hakkio, C S., and D K Pearce 1985 “Exchange Rates and Discount Rate Changes.” Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas...
... expectations, monetary and fiscal policies and the value of the U.S dollar Other interest rates, including bank prime lending rates, home mortgage rates and corporate and municipal bond rates, tend to ... interest rates Two of the most closely watched interest rates are the benchmark rates on short-term and longterm U.S Treasury securities They reflect changes in general economic conditions, inflationary ... estimate of forward rates, option prices may move sharply when current spot rates are unchanged 13 Basic Strategies with InterestRate Options Using options to implement interestrate strategies offers...
... long-term interestrate follows Sweeny and Warga (1986) and Elyasiani and Mansun (1998) whom employ this measure as a proxy for innovations in the interest rate5 The change in the interestrate is ... (1996), Allen and Jagtiani, (1997) and Benink and Wolff, (2000) conclude that interestrate sensitivity has decreased in the late 1980's and early 1990's due to the availability of interestrate derivatives ... relationship with interestrate changes (Flannery and James, 1984; Brewer and Lee, 1985; Scott and Peterson, 1986; Kane and Unal, 1988; Saunders and Yourougou, 1990; Kwan, 1991; Akella and Greenbaum,...
... real interestrate (both in the sense R H and R ) is raised.3 Thus, given the constant world real interestrate r , a future real depreciation (x/x > 0) is implied by the real interestrate ... situation of high aggregate demand cures itself without change in the nominal interestrate As usual, high aggregate demand implies positive ination and a low real interestrate In the present model, ... lower default risk, the risk adjusted real interestrate r is higher for any given nominal interestrateand e ination rate, which brings aggregate demand back to normal through the associated...
... advise banks to use forward rate agreements andinterestrate swaps to hedge interestrate risks, these markets are quite shallow The market for exchange-traded interestrate derivatives has recently ... markets, and falling international rates have resulted in a significant decline in interest rates in the last five years Currently, interest rates in India are at historical lows The drop in interest ... rates For India, the interestrate is the call money rate -5- Some of these banks may be exposed if interest rates were to rise India’s large fiscal deficit and signs of economic revival are...
... exchange rate, interest rates and base money, we treat uncovered interest parity and potential deviations from it explicitly in the model While MC compares interestrateand exchange rate rules ... real interest rate; r∗ : equilibrium real interest rate; ew : trade-weighted real exchange rate; d : aggregate demand shock; l: long-term nominal interest rate; i : short-term nominal interest rate; ... additional effect on the nominal interest rate, and a negative interestrate prescribed by the interestrate rule cannot be implemented Orphanides and Wieland (2000) illustrate this point using recent...
... realized rising -rate environment 17 Target and acquirer positioning is related to the interestrate environment, particularly the level and trend in interest rates Targets’ interest- rate betas were ... Lynge and Zumwalt (1980), Flannery and James (1984), Scott and Peterson (1986), Unal and Kane (1988), Akella and Chen (1990), Choi, Elyasiani, and Kopecky (1992), Sweeney and Warga (1986), and ... Abstract: This study examines how interest rates and interest- rate exposures affect the level of acquisition activity, the identities of targets and acquirers, and the pricing of acquisitions in...
... policymaking” as countries with ‘high inflation rates experience relatively low real interest rates” which lead to even higher inflation rates by boosting aggregate demand 16 Since these differentials ... individually would prefer.” 32 IV Results and Analysis An introductory inspection of the ECB interestrateand the European countries’ Taylor rates shows the interestrate lower than recommended for many ... growth and, assuming it stays in the euro, no inflation either – yet market interest rates are likely to be quite high.” 50 G Finland 14.00 12.00 10.00 8.00 6.00 4.00 ECB Rate 2.00 Finland 0.00...
... nominal interestrate reflects a real interestrateand an anticipated rate of inflation The Fisher International Effect (Uncovered Interest Parity) states that the nominal interestrate differential ... controls, higher inflation, and/ or currency depreciation) in the higher interestrate currency High Italian lire interest rates versus the DM in 1992, and high Mexican peso interest rates versus ... interest arbitrage acts to enforce InterestRate Parity Describe the impact of each transaction on interest rates and exchange rates Provide one example using the data in Appendix B Covered interest...
... were interested in hedging a floating -rate interest payment due in March 2003 sell a future So, locking in an interestrate of 5.24% If interestrate rise by Marche 2003? If interestrate ... Refinancing Forward Rate Agreement (FRA) InterestRate Future InterestRate Swaps Forward rate agreement (FRA) FRA is an interbank-traded contract to buy or sell interestrate payment on a ... managed with forward rate agreement, interest future andinterestrate swap Introducing currency swap case Interestrate risk All firms are sensitive to interestrate movements in one way to another...
... structured interestrate products were well established Demand grew and grew, the product spewing forth from the dealers become a flood Investors are primarily interested in receiving a rate of return ... class of interestrate contracts that allows the termination of the underlying contracts consisting of fixed -rate, floating -rate and option legs at some fixed dates Callable inverse floaters and callable ... Callable Libor exotics is a class of interestrate contracts that allows the termination of the underlying contracts consisting of fixedrate, floating -rate and option legs at some fixed dates Using...
... literature and most of these studies accept that economic factors and ethnic conflict can not be separated (Sachs and Warner 1995; Easterly and Levine 1997; Collier and Hoeffler 1998; Collier and Hoeffler ... between economic activities and EPPs shows that economic policies, government activities, and macroeconomic management were less supportive of EPPs in improving economic development and promoting ... related to economic factors (Gurr 1994; Sachs and Warner 1995; Easterly and Levine 1997; Collier 1998; Collier and Hoeffler 1998; Elbawadi and Sambanis 2000a; Fearon and Laitin 2000; Bussmann and Schneider...
... of macroeconomic policies is to attain high and sustainable output growth rates coupled with low and stable inflation rates (Kan and Omay, 2010), implying that a certain magnitude of inflation ... into three threshold levels or breaks, namely inflation rates less than 15 per cent, inflation rates between 15 per cent and 40 per cent, andinflation rates above 40 per cent The results depict ... which inflation is detrimental to economic growth and below which inflation is beneficial to economic growth Similarly, Li (2006) estimates a non-linear relationship between inflationand economic...
... marked-to-market andinterestrate risk arises due to volatility in the bank’s net interest income In contrast to standard models, however, we integrate credit andinterestrate risk using the ... Kuritzkes and Schuermann, 2007) In our framework, unexpected losses can arise because of credit risk or adverse interestrate shocks For credit andinterestrate risk, we follow standard convention and ... argued that ECCR and ECRNI not fully disentangle credit andinterestrate risk, in the sense that the former incorporates the effect of higher interest rates on default probabilities and the latter...
... observed growth rates of nominal demand, money and asset prices Research and analysis Public attitudes to inflationandinterest rates Understanding the likely future path of inflation expectations ... expectations of interest rates andinflationInterestrate perceptions, expectations and movements in retail rates Question of the Bank/GfK NOP survey asks respondents ‘how would you say interest rates ... expectations and these measures is high The relationship between interest rates andinflation An important question for analysing the links between interestrate expectations andinflation expectations...