interactions and physicochemical parameters involved in the

... plants in the field were in initiation of panicle development, and at 58 DAT most plants examined were already in the early stage of panicle development, indicating that the drastic change in the ... flowering via down-regulation of FT [34] In SD-flowering rice plants, the CCT-domain containing proteins Hd1 and Ghd7 regulate flowering by repressing expression of the florigen genes in LD [40-42] ... participated in the design of the research, and carried out the microarray analysis and the statistical analysis and wrote the manuscript BA performed the microarray analysis and analysis the data and...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:21

... of the HIV-1 LTR P4 and HEK293 cells were grown in DMEM (Invitrogen) containing 5% fetal bovine serum (Invitrogen), 50 U/mL penicillin, 50 µg/mL streptomycin (Invitrogen) and mM glutamine (Invitrogen) ... observed in parental uninfected corresponding cell lines U937 and CEM and in two others latently HIV-1 infected cell lines, OM10.1 and J1.1 NCoA3 protein level is also upregulated following treatment ... of these two proteins, thus providing more support for their role in maintaining HIV1 latency The only purpose of our microarray analysis was to identify candidate genes potentially involved in...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 09:21

... mainly expressed during larval metamorphosis, in the mantle edge and the digestive gland During the reproductive cycle, expression was high in gonads during the postspawning period but not in ... from the oyster Crassostrea gigas [5] Interestingly, this protein, named C gigas chitinase-like protein (CgClp1) was found to be involved in the control of growth and remodelling processes in a ... blocked by incubating sections in 0.3% hydrogen peroxide in methanol for 30 at room temperature Slides were then washed and incubated in a blocking solution according to the manufacturer’s instructions...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 00:20

... b-cyclodextrin injection, and the bottom panel depicts the binding isotherm; open circles represent the integrated binding heat of the data in the top panel, and the full line is the fit of a one-site binding ... Gomez-Casati DF (2010) The starch-binding capacity of the noncatalytic SBD2 region and the interaction between the N- and C-terminal domains are involved in the modulation of the activity of starch synthase ... folded and justifies the use of the isolated domain to investigate the binding properties of CBM45 Thermostability is often associated with lower structural flexibility, which may in uence ligand interactions, ...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 00:21

... suggests that the mitochondrial injury is caused by opening of the mPTP There is evidence that ADP inhibits opening of the mPTP by occupying binding sites located in the inner and outer mitochondrial ... Protein content was measured according to the Bradford method [47] using BSA as the standard In separate experiments we determined protein values with the Bradford and Lowry methods From the comparison, ... cyclosporin A (lane and lane 4, respectively) To test the possibility that mitochondrially generated ROS could be involved in the mechanism of membrane permeabilization, we determined H2O2 in the incubation...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 22:20

... states presented in Fig 4, and are also in line with the ndings of the thermal unfolding and CD studies RNA binding causes similar protection against limited proteolysis as DNA binding Previously, ... of RNA binding on protein structure and substrate-binding ability Proteins that bind and process nucleic acids are often capable of binding to both RNA and singlestranded or double-stranded DNA, ... two-state model, indicating an intimate interaction between RNA and the protein Elevated cooperativity in the RNAUDE state can be explained by assuming that maintenance of the 3D protein structure...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 16:21

... the D2 domain and D(495–535) in the D3 domain, are involved in the interaction with CD, and that this interaction enhances the catalytic activity of the enzyme Our results show that the interaction ... interaction between the N- and C-terminal domains of SSIII in vitro Mapping of the CD-binding region in the N-terminal SBDs In order to identify the SBD region required for the SBD–CD interaction, we ... that these N-terminal modules are important in starch binding, and also in the regulation of SSIII catalytic activity [19] In order to investigate possible protein–protein interactions and their...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 21:20

... Synoviolin is involved in the degradation of nicastrin gene p53 [19] and Parkin-associated endothelin receptor-like receptor [20] In this study, we addressed whether Synoviolin is involved in the ... Supporting Information) We also determined the levels of c-secretase-unrelated ER protein (calnexin) and cytoskeleton protein (tubulin) in these cells as the internal control proteins The calnexin and ... ubiquitination confer specificity to the ubiquitin system by directly interacting with the substrate proteins and helping to transfer ubiquitin to them Therefore, to determine whether NCT is the...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 04:20

... are involved in the transmission of mechanical signals to signaling pathways In the M line, mechanical stimulation activates the interaction of a protein complex with the kinase domain of titin, ... control, an interaction test of calpain and N2A-titin is performed (upper left panel) The yeasts carrying calpain and CARP grow on the selective medium, indicating that CARP and calpain interact ... slower in wildtype muscles than in calpain deficient muscles (Fig 3C), suggesting that the interaction between CARP and titin is reinforced in the presence of calpain These results suggest that the...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 21:20

... relaxin-3 is considered to be different from that of other relaxin proteins involved in the growth and remodeling of reproductive and other tissues during pregnancy [10] In the mouse and rat brain, ... expression and function in the hypothalamus sion and leads to an increase in relaxin-3 mRNA levels in the NI [12] On the other hand, relaxin-3-positive neurons project fibers to the hypothalamus, and ... relaxin-3 transcripts in the NI [28] This supports the idea that relaxin-3-expressing neurons in the NI (and therefore relaxin-3) play a role in the central stress regulating system by mutual interaction...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 21:20

... Glc binding (Fig 8B,C) The changes in the interhelical interactions point to a major contribution in the dynamic communication between the L- and S-domains and thus in the transition from the super- ... residues in the L-domain and connecting region II which are potentially involved in the binding of D-glucose in the super-open state (PDB identity: 1v4t) The structural images were generated using ... S-domain (residues T168 and K169) (Fig 1B) To identify the contact residues involved in the initial binding of Glc to the super-open state (Fig 1C) of this two domain hinge-bending enzyme, all the...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 04:20

... 23b, and exon 24 In conclusion, the alternative splicing maintains the reading frame along the entire protein, therefore the protein variants are identical in the amino-terminal end up to the ... and the corresponding gene has been cloned from human [23] In the present study we have cloned the murine genes coding for the enzymes involved in the salvage pathway of GDP-L-fucose L-fucokinase ... human fucokinase cDNA is similar to the long splice variant of mouse fucokinase cDNA at the 3¢ splice region The first and third methionines in the murine sequence, in the upstream end of the CDS,...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 13:20

... chlorine and methyl functional groups at the 5-position Together, these results provide insight regarding the mechanism, the substrate binding site and the role of the metal cofactor in the enzyme ... ± 0.3 The in uence of the two metal ions on the kinetic parameters for HPDA hydration by BphH is shown in Table The Km values were similar with either metal cofactor On the other hand, the kcat ... roles of the cation include the activation of water for the hydration reaction and ⁄ or the stabilization of the anion transition state In the latter case, if the substrate coordination to the metal...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 15:20

... transformed following the instructions provided by the manufacturer (Invitrogen) The strain harbouring the correct construction was incubated in selecting liquid medium according to Invitrogen recommendations, ... at 30 °C for 20 The esters formed were extracted with 250 lL pentane containing lLÆL)1 a-pinene as internal standard, vortexed for and lL of the pentanic phase was injected into the GC for analysis ... playing a role in activity However, in the BEAT sequence, which encodes an enzyme involved in scent production, glycine was substituted by methionine in the conserved triad H-x-x-x-DG In yeast AATs...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 21:21

... adhesion molecules (ICAM-1) in the brain and in cultured astrocytes and brain endothelial cells [510] These inflammatory mediators play a critical role not only in the initiation and propagation of ischemica/ ... chemokine-producing cells in the brain [34,37], and astrocyte-produced MCP-1 directs the transmigration of monocytes and macrophages across the BBB to the sites of axonal injury in the brain [33,37] ... of inflammatory mediators also initiates an inflammatory process Infiltration of peripheral inflammatory cells into the brain is a critical step in the development and progression of the neuroinflammation...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... progress in EW40 and ES40 Constraints for these traits could be introduced into a selection index, the aim of which should be to increase egg number while maintaining EW40, BW40 and ES40 at their ... described in table I for the number of ducks (males and females) and the hatching date of each generation Population size was increased from the third generation mainly in order to maintain an optimal ... in the base popultion are known, the breeder can define a selection strategy by selecting for a linear combination of the predicted breeding values of the traits EW40, BW40, NEGG52 and ES40 The...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:22

... significant in the inhibitory effect of Bee venom on the LPS-induced, and in the inhibitory effect of melittin on the SNP-induced NF-κB in THP-1 cells by 10 μM of SP600125 JNK inhibitor suppressed the inhibitory ... together, our data indicate that inhibition of JNK signal is the most involved in the inhibitory effect of melittin and bee venom on the LPS and SNP-induced activation of NF-κB as well as in the ... melittin and bee venom on iNOS and COX-2 expression, and on NO and PGE2 generation To investigate whether the suppressed effect of SP600125 on the inhibitory effect of bee venom and melittin on the...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 08:22

... MYB60 proteins and other closely related proteins from subgroup 1: a distinctive PHEEG signature in the MYB domain, located in the loop connecting the R2 and R3 repeats, and the lack of the first ... (5’-GAGCTCTCAGAATATTGGAGAGAGTTGATCC-3’), containing a SacI site Amplified cDNAs were sequenced and then cloned in a modified version of the pPZP221 binary vector, containing the 1.3 kb AtMYB60 promoter and the nos terminator (Galbiati, ... many other functions [27] MYB genes have been intensively investigated in grape, yet most studies have focused on members of the R2R3 clade involved in the regulation of the anthocyanin and pro-anthocyanidin...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:21

... We thank the soldiers and their families for their kindness and patience in welcoming us to their homes and cooperating for the interviews References 10 Conclusion Our findings support the impression ... behavior and family adjustment, on the other hand to examine the relationship between fathers'/mothers' PTSD and the children's psychopathology, behavior and family adjustment In tandem with the objectives, ... demonstrations in the technique of interview They took turns to read and rate the responses of patients at the special PTSD clinic (Al-Riggae Center), and were thereby able to harmonize their ratings The...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 18:21

... genes and pathways involved in cadmium resistance Genome Biology 2007, 8:R122 information By integrating the RNAi assay results into the protein interaction network, a novel signal pathway involved ... enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of retinoic acid Cadmium has been shown to act synergistically with retinoic acid in the induction of limb-bud malformation in mice [51] The Y46G5A.24 network includes ... response Protein interaction analysis reveals a novel pathway involved in the response to cadmium In order to further define the molecular mechanisms of the cadmium defense response, the program...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 07:21