influence of uv sources on fouling

... complex contains cofactors of transcription regulation and is an evolutionarily conserved co-regulator complex of RNA polymerase II-mediated 26 transcription The mediator complex consists of more ... on Repression of dally 119 Interactions between the GSC Niche Activities 120 Part II: Somatic Control of Med20 on Germ Cells in Drosophila Germaria 120 dos is one Potential Target of ... Suppression of extra Spectrosome-containing cells by one copy removal of Dpp 83 Figure 3.15 RNA in situ hybridyzation of dpp transcript 85 Figure 3.16 Requirement of Dally repression...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:42

... Transcriptional regulation Transcriptional regulation Transcriptional regulation Co-Smad needed for All R-Smads Transcriptional regulation Decoy Smad, inhibition of Smad interactions Decoy Smad, ... transcriptional regulation between LIF ⁄ STAT3 signaling on one end, and TGF-b ⁄ BMP signaling on the other end Strong activation of the BMP pathway was shown to lead to differentiation of embryonic ... loss of BMP signal transduction is not compatible with stemness To truly clarify this situation, additional studies using conditional depletion of all combinations of the suggested transduction...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 00:20

... pairs, one monitoring expression of constitutive exons (that is, general transcript levels) and another pair measuring changes in exon-exon junctions, to monitor expression of particular isoforms ... log2 expression of all junctions of an isoform from the log2 expression ratio of that particular junction A Z-score was computed for each value [51] and a Zscore cutoff of was used to consider changes ... corresponding to the 50 nucleotides of introns flanking splice junctions that change upon activation of a signaling pathway, as well as the corresponding regions in the same intron of the other 11 Drosophila...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 21:20

... regulation of ICAM-1 expression at h poststimulation compared to unstimulated cells (Fig 5) Pre-incubation of cells with a range of concentrations of PD098059 or SB203580 showed little or no effect on ... effect of these compounds on cell viability, MTT assays were performed on cells preincubated with a range of concentrations of the inhibitors With the exception of U0126, which showed a 30% loss of ... of SB203580 and PD098059 on ICAM-1 expression as an endogenous indicator of NF-jB transcriptional activity As in previous experiments, stimulation of A549 cells with TNFa or IL-1b caused a considerable...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 15:20

... conditions, SB203580 markedly suppressed phosphorylation of MAPK-activating protein kinase-2 (a substrate of p38 MAPK), but did not affect the phosphorylation of c-Jun (a substrate of JNK) Conversely, ... some forms of stress-induced apoptosis [30,31] Phosphorylation of JNK at Thr183 and Typ185 is required for JNK activation [32] Activation of p38 MAPK occurs through phosphorylation of Thr180 and ... apoptosis upstream of rather than by direct inhibition of caspase-3 activation, as they not suppress the activation of caspase-3 mediated by heat shock In mammalian cells, one of the main pathways...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 06:20

... cells, but clone 17 was not able to immunoprecipitate native WASP (Fig 1A) On the basis of this result, clones 18 and 21 were selected for construction of scFv intrabodies For the design of primers ... cDNA fragments of the VH and VL regions were then generated by RT-PCR A comparison of the VH and VL amino-acid sequences of clones 18 and 21 is shown in Fig 1B All of the VH regions and the complementarity-determining ... for definition of WASP15), whereas no binding activity of scFvs that did not contain the signal peptide sequence of the VH region was detected (Fig 3B) Although the expression levels of 18SHL ⁄...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 14:20

... 3h SAE1 600 % of control ** ** % of control 10 000 % of control Cyp11a1 30 000 % of control % of control A F.-M Yang et al h 12 h 24 h Fig The cAMP pathway regulates the expression of SUMO pathway ... concentration of hydrogen peroxide induces protein desumoylation by inhibition of conjugating enzymes activity through the formation of a disulfide bridge in 432 12 h C 100 PIASxα 150 F ** C % of control ... for SUMO-1 conjugation in rat granulosa cells Mutation of three or more sites abolished the accumulation of LRH-1 in nuclear bodies It is well known that the control of ovarian function and steroid...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 06:20

... extension at 68°C for min, with a final extension step of at 68°C β-actin was used as a control for reaction efficiency and variations in concentration of mRNA in the original RT reaction The ... addition of U0126 was not overcome by the addition of EGF, the addition of EGF to H89- or SB203580-containning medium overcame the negative effect of each inhibitor on these gene expressions (Figure ... expansion was dependent on the expression and functions of EGF-like factors Although the regulation of EGF-like factor expression in cancer cell lines has been reported [14,15], the mechanisms of...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 07:20

... key modulator of non-neural differentiation of postmigratory NC cells during development of multiple tissues, including the eye Conclusion We have shown an extensive contribution of the NC to ... Additional data file 1, a figure showing the absence of Wnt1 expression during eye formation; and Additional data file 2, a figure showing the expression of TGF␤ isoforms during eye formation Acknowledgements ... expression of transcription factors associated with developmental eye disorders, but it is also sufficient to regulate their expression Discussion This study demonstrates that targeted inactivation of...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 18:21

... activator of transcription) phosphorylation, T-bet induction, and T-helper-1 differentiation [121] Our major contribution to the field was to demonstrate the existence of short (10–15 bases long) ... nanomolar concentrations Based on the ability of certain INH-ODNs to block selectively TLR9-induced activation of a subset of TLR9-expressing cells (e.g MZ-B Page of 11 (page number not for citation ... suggests a role for chronic Epstein–Barr virus infection in the pathogenesis of SLE [83] However, instead of considering lupus a model for the ‘chronic silent infection’, one must seek alternative...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 07:20

... phosphorylation of Endofin occurs upon TGF-α stimulation and is dependent on EGFR activation 57 3.1.2 TGF-β does not induce tyrosine phosphorylation of Endofin 60 3.1.3 Endofin phosphorylation correlates ... phosphorylation 69 3.1.6 EGF-dependent co-localization of Endofin with EGFR requires a functional FYVE domain 3.2 Characterization of Endofin phosphorylation 3.1.1 3.1 74 Determination of Endofin tyrosine ... phosphorylation site and function 78 3.2.1 78 Tyrosine 515 is a major phosphorylation site of Endofin IV 3.2.2 Phosphorylation at Y515 does not affect the localization of Endofin and its co-localization...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 10:00

... Biological sample preparations 48 3.1 FP-fusion plasmid constructions 48 3.1.1 Construction of EGFR-FP fusions 48 3.1.2 Construction of ErbB2-EGFP and ErbB2-mRFP 51 3.1.3 Construction of mRFP-EGFR and ... stimulation 102 6.3 FCS/SW-FCCS observations on the activation of FP-fusion EGFR by using EGF stimulation 103 6.3.1 FCS observations on EGFR-EGFP activation 103 6.3.2 SW-FCCS observations on FP-fusion ... Fig 3.1 Constructions of EGFR-EGFP and EGFR-EYFP 48 Fig 3.2 Construction of ErbB2-EGFP 50 Fig 3.3 Construction of mRFP-EGFR-EGFP 53 Fig 3.4 A schematic overview of FP-fusion EGFR/ErbB2 constructs...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 14:25

... Introduction short-term effects of high glucose concentrations cannot be extrapolated to long-term situations Furthermore, considering the chronic course of diabetes, the long-term action of high ... production of superoxide anion, O2- It seems that the reaction of endothelial cells to high glucose concentrations depends on the disease duration In their studies, Pieper et al 149 demonstrated ... threatening factor to the living quality of these patients Therefore, prevention of long-term complications of diabetes is one of the major aims of treatment Consequently, it is necessary to uncover...

Ngày tải lên: 15/09/2015, 17:09

... of Ng in PKC and CaMKII signal transduction pathways at the postsynapses -4- 1.4 Thyroid hormone regulation of Ng expression Ng is among the few known neuronal genes whose expression can be influenced ... RESULTS - 59 CONSTRUCTION OF PEGFP-NG, PCDNA-NG AND THEIR MUTANTS - 59 1.1 Construction of pEGFP-Ng wild-type - 59 - iii 1.2 Construction of pcDNA-Ng wild-type ... local translation of Ng in dendrites of neurons The existence of ribosomes, tRNA and other components of translation machinery in dendrites has made people think about the possibility of local protein...

Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2015, 22:32

... of Ng in PKC and CaMKII signal transduction pathways at the postsynapses -4- 1.4 Thyroid hormone regulation of Ng expression Ng is among the few known neuronal genes whose expression can be influenced ... RESULTS - 59 CONSTRUCTION OF PEGFP-NG, PCDNA-NG AND THEIR MUTANTS - 59 1.1 Construction of pEGFP-Ng wild-type - 59 - iii 1.2 Construction of pcDNA-Ng wild-type ... local translation of Ng in dendrites of neurons The existence of ribosomes, tRNA and other components of translation machinery in dendrites has made people think about the possibility of local protein...

Ngày tải lên: 06/10/2015, 20:35

... mutation rates in the mtDNA D-loop region of the AGS cells after stimulation by Hp extracts of various concentrations The mutation rates increased with the increase in the concentration of Hp ... increase in the concentration of both Hp extracts and with the prolongation of Hp extract stimulation Correlation analysis (Fig.13) showed the mutation rates of the mtDNA D-Loop region were positively ... rates of mtDNA D-loop region after Hp extract simulation for different durations The mutation rates increased with the prolongation of stimulation by Hp extracts After h, h, 12 h and 24 h of stimulation,...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2012, 11:18

... fragmentation in comparison with that in controls was calculated according to the formula: DNA fragmentation (-fold of control) = absorbance of drug-treated cells/absorbance of control cells Becton Dickinson ... fragmentation in comparison that in controls was calculated according to the formula: DNA fragmentation(-fold of control) = absorbance of treated cells / absorbance of control cells All points were done ... expression of protein ↓ means decreased expression of protein → means no changes of protein expression means negative expression mRNA expression: (+) means positive, and ( -) means negative expression...

Ngày tải lên: 31/10/2012, 15:12

... ethanol was demonstrated by a strong inhibition of GPCR signaling pathway in association with a slight inhibition of JNK and NFκB signaling in association with a slight activation of the cell death ... treatment as a control The rationale for using a low concentration of ethanol, namely mM, was based on previous reported studies in which the potential therapeutic effect of such concentrations has been ... addition, the observed increased expression of transcription factors subsequently resulted in an induction of gene expression, which seems to be also regulated through the interaction of various...

Ngày tải lên: 31/10/2012, 15:37

... (TV) of exon of the hCDC4 gene Arrows mark the position of the detected mutation in the 5’ UTR of Exon 1-TV3 and the new intronic SNP downstream of exon 10 (B) Chromatograph of the mutation detected ... region of the exon, the mutation has no consequence for the hCDC4 protein Sequence analysis of hCDC4 exon 10 identifies a new intronic SNP During the analysis of exon 10 and adjacent intronic ... identification of one heterozygous mutation in the 5’ untranslated region (5’UTR) of Exon (transcript variant 3, NM_001013415) comprising a heterozygous T > C exchange of nucleotide (nt) 108 of the exon...

Ngày tải lên: 31/10/2012, 16:49

... activates conventional PKC isoforoms, increased the expression (8) and cytoplasmic distribution of claudin-1, and simultaneously reduced tight junction barrier integrity (7) Conversely, activation of ... expression levels are increased upon phorbol ester treatment, and decreased by inhibitors of conventional PKC isoforms, implying that, in melanoma, claudin-1 expression is dependent upon PKC isoforoms ... mimicked a constitutively phosphorylated state (conversion of the phosphorylation site to an aspartic acid residue, referred to as “D” mutants) or mutants that are non-phosphorylable (conversion of the...

Ngày tải lên: 03/11/2012, 11:17