industry formulas and rules of thumb

... Mathematical and Physical Data, Equations, and Rules of Thumb Mathematical and Physical Data, Equations, and Rules of Thumb Stan Gibilisco McGraw-Hill New York Chicago ... elements of N can be paired off one-to-one with the elements of Z or Q, but not with the elements of S or R Any attempt to pair off the elements of N and S or N and R results in some elements of S ... One-one function Let A and B be two non-empty sets Suppose that for every member of A, a function f assigns some member of B Let a1 and a2 be members of A Let b1 and b2 be members of B, such that f...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 16:19

... largest importer of textiles and apparel, and it accounted for 17.0 percent of world imports of these goods in 2005 This high value of imports occurred in spite of U.S textile and apparel import ... highest of any U.S product sector Third, preferential rules of origin (RoO) in textiles and apparel were among the most costly and influential of any U.S RoO These rules applied to the 28 percent of ... Representative 2005 “Memorandum of Understanding Between the Governments of the United States of America and the People’s Republic of China Concerning Trade in Textile and Apparel Products.” (November...

Ngày tải lên: 12/04/2013, 16:17

... block Shelland-tube-type graphite exchangers are like other shelland-tube exchangers except that the tubes, tube sheets, and heads are constructed of impervious graphite 3 Rules of Thumb for ... (TEMA) [ 11 The TEMA standards list three mechanical standards classes of exchanger construction: R, C, and B There are large numbers of applications that not require this type of construction These ... air coolers, and similar nonhydrocarbon appli- 34 Rules of Thumb for Mechanical Engineers Table Summary of Types of Heat Exchangers 5Pe Shell and tube Air cooled heat exchangers Double pipe Extended...

Ngày tải lên: 20/01/2014, 00:20

... edge of the plate by: where U and p are the fluid velocity and viscosity, respectively lift and Drag Lifi and drag are forces experienced by a body moving through a fluid Coefficients of lift and ... permission of McGraw- Hill.) Dittus, E W and Boelter, L M K., University of California Publications on Engineering, Vol 2, Berkeley 1930, p 443 26 Rules of Thumb for Mechanical Engineers Kays, W M and ... inch, and s is the specific gravity of the fluid The consistent equation for variation of pressure is pa = 0.491(144)h where h is the height of mercury column in inches, and 0.491 is the density of...

Ngày tải lên: 20/01/2014, 00:20

... application of the Financial Regulations and Rules, officers shall be guided by the principles of effective and efficient financial management and the exercise of economy Responsibility and accountability ... coverage of various WIPO functions, including inter alia, the Internal Audit and Oversight Division, the Office of the Ombudsman, the Ethics Office and the Office of the Chief Financial Officer ... consultation and with the participation of Member States an understanding of the objectives of the Organization, its structure and its culture, and the relevant rules governing it D MEETINGS AND QUORUM...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 21:20

... edge of the plate by: where U and p are the fluid velocity and viscosity, respectively lift and Drag Lifi and drag are forces experienced by a body moving through a fluid Coefficients of lift and ... permission of McGraw- Hill.) Dittus, E W and Boelter, L M K., University of California Publications on Engineering, Vol 2, Berkeley 1930, p 443 26 Rules of Thumb for Mechanical Engineers Kays, W M and ... block Shelland-tube-type graphite exchangers are like other shelland-tube exchangers except that the tubes, tube sheets, and heads are constructed of impervious graphite 3 Rules of Thumb for...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 17:20

... edge of the plate by: where U and p are the fluid velocity and viscosity, respectively lift and Drag Lifi and drag are forces experienced by a body moving through a fluid Coefficients of lift and ... permission of McGraw- Hill.) Dittus, E W and Boelter, L M K., University of California Publications on Engineering, Vol 2, Berkeley 1930, p 443 26 Rules of Thumb for Mechanical Engineers Kays, W M and ... block Shelland-tube-type graphite exchangers are like other shelland-tube exchangers except that the tubes, tube sheets, and heads are constructed of impervious graphite 3 Rules of Thumb for...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 18:20

... rate earned at the end of each period General Information Mathematics—areas Pipeline Rules of Thumb Handbook Mathematics—surfaces and volumes General Information Rules of exponents an  am ¼ ... of driven pulley inches Speed of driven pulley 15  180 ¼ 300 RPM Diameter of Driven Pulley Required: Diameter and speed of driving pulley and speed of driven pulley are known D1 ¼ Diameter of ... concentration of vibration at dead sheave or 14 Pipeline Rules of Thumb Handbook Wire-Rope Trouble Wire-Rope Trouble Cause Cause dead-end anchor, undersized grooves and sheaves, and improper selection of...

Ngày tải lên: 02/04/2014, 16:20

... Control Miscellaneous Rules of Thumb 24 27 29 30 30 31 31 38 40 19 42 42 43 44 46 48 20 Rules of Thumb for Chemical Engineers TEMA Figures 1-4 and Table from the Standards of Tubular Exchanger ... Allow max of 5% absolute pressure for friction loss Rules of Thumb for Chemical Engineers Suggested Fluid Velocities in Pipe and Tubing (Liquids, Gases, and Vapors at Low Pressures to 5Opsig and 50°F-100°F) ... system consisting of a 15 mile section of 3-8%-in OD lines and l-l03/,-in OD line, and a 30 mile section of 2-8x411 lines and l-l@h-in OD line Find the equivalent length in terms of single 1241-1...

Ngày tải lên: 04/06/2014, 16:06

... edge of the plate by: where U and p are the fluid velocity and viscosity, respectively lift and Drag Lifi and drag are forces experienced by a body moving through a fluid Coefficients of lift and ... permission of McGraw- Hill.) Dittus, E W and Boelter, L M K., University of California Publications on Engineering, Vol 2, Berkeley 1930, p 443 26 Rules of Thumb for Mechanical Engineers Kays, W M and ... block Shelland-tube-type graphite exchangers are like other shelland-tube exchangers except that the tubes, tube sheets, and heads are constructed of impervious graphite 3 Rules of Thumb for...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 06:20

... This is a standard definition of SNR (see related rules in Chap of this book), but it includes the concept of the number of photons per mode, q = N/M where M is the degree of coherence of the transmitted ... Another of the larger rules in the chapter deals with this topic In addition, we have included rules related to the performance of OTDR systems, measured in terms of the accuracy of the location of ... common and high enough to induce connector damage One of the larger rules deals with the threat and properties of elevated temperature operation, the types of cables that are most susceptible, and...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 06:57

... Open Systems Second Law of Thermodynamics Reversible Processes and Cycles Pump and Head Terminology Pump Design Parameters and Formulas Types of Pumps Centrifugal ... unit volume: The specific gravity s of a liquid is the ratio of its weight to the weight of an equal volume of water a stant dard temperature and pressure The s of petroleum rm products can be found ... inch, and s is the specific gravity of the fluid The consistent equation for variation of pressure is pa = 0.491(144)h where h is the height of mercury column in inches, and 0.491 is the density of...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 21:20

... edge of the plate by: where U and p are the fluid velocity and viscosity, respectively lift and Drag Lifi and drag are forces experienced by a body moving through a fluid Coefficients of lift and ... permission of McGraw- Hill.) Dittus, E W and Boelter, L M K., University of California Publications on Engineering, Vol 2, Berkeley 1930, p 443 26 Rules of Thumb for Mechanical Engineers Kays, W M and ... block Shelland-tube-type graphite exchangers are like other shelland-tube exchangers except that the tubes, tube sheets, and heads are constructed of impervious graphite 3 Rules of Thumb for...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 21:20

... the same temperature 58 Rules of Thumb for Mechanical Engineers FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS The first law of thermodynamicsestablishes the principle of conservation of energy in thermodynamic ... parameters of these maps are those of Baker [ ] , modified according to Bell, et al [7] It is a plot of superficial gas ve- ities of the vapor and liquid phases, respectively [ ] The factors h and ... volume Subscripts 1and g denote liquid and gas phases and x is the quality (the ratio of gas mass flow rate to total [gas + liquid] mass flow rate) p2 and p1 are the densities of homogeneous mixtures...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 21:20

... amount of spring force is a function of the wire diameter, the number of springs, and the length of displacement For mechanical seal designs, the range can be from to 15 lbs of force per inch of ... are ways of estimating the seal chamber pressure on standard pumps 82 Rules of Thumb for Mechanical Engineers Single-Stage Pumps The majority of overhung process pumps use wear rings and balance ... (Courtesy of fhrarnetallk COP-) 70 Rules of Thumb for Mechanical Engineers Figure Static O-ring, no hang-ups (Courtesy of Durametallic Corp.) O-ring virtually eliminates the problem of fretting...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 21:20

... rpm and diameter of the pinion even when the power rating of the gear is being calculated The power, speed, and ratio are known values, but b l l and Cd are unknown, and F and d are the size of ... Gas Expanders:'Available Energy *Reprintedfrom Rules of Thumbfor Chemical Engineers Carl R Branan (Ed.), Gulf Publishing Company Houston Texas 1994 125 129 129 130 132 132 126 Rules of Thumb ... the supercompressibility of gas and is applicable for pressures up to 1,000 psi In the region of high pressures, neglecting the deviation of behavior of gas from that of the perfect gas may lead...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 21:20

... 172 174 175 177 146 Rules of Thumb for Mechanical Engineers TYPES OF BEARINGS There are two general categories of bearings: rolling element bearings and journal bearings Most of this chapter is ... cross-section of one of the raceways, usually the outer raceway, makes up a portion of a sphere The rollers of this type of bearing are barrel shaped and usually symmetrical but sometimes off-center ... International Standards Organization(EO) in the development of international standards The three engineering committees of the ABMA develop these standards for the United States and consist of the Annular...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 21:21

... thickness of pipe) Pipe length Pipe is supplied and referred to as single random, double random, longer than double random, and cut lengths Single random pipe length is usually 18-22 ft threaded and ... type of mounting, the shaft can be up undersize and still give a secure fit to 003”to 004” The surface roughness of the shaft may cause loss of press fits and excessive wear and fretting of the ... bearings and spherical roller bearings, this is done by using a loose fit of the bearing, in its housing or on the shaft 170 Rules of Thumb for Mechanical Engineers Table 17 Selection of Housing...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 21:21

... Volumes and Surface Areas of Vessel Sections Motation Table Volumes and Surface Areas of Vessel Sections = height of cone, depth of head, or length of cylinder ~~ a = one-half apex angle of cone ... function, and more details can be found in Chapter 12 of l'imoshenko and Goodier [16 1and Chapters and of Johnson [lo] Contact of Spheres For an ellipsoidal pressure distribution applied to a circle of ... discussion of mechanical Vibrations and its associated terminology Its mainemphasis is to provide practical rules of thumb to help calculate, measure, and analyze vibration frequencies of mechanical...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 21:21

... to derive and solve the equations of motion for multiple degree of freedom systems However, the length of this chapter allows only a brief description of a few of these techniques Any of the books ... melting point 100 + VfOf Failue s t r m where Vf is the volume fraction of the reinforcing phase, and of a are the reinforcing phase and matrix strengths and , The modulus of a fiber-reinforced ... such as ausforming and ausquenching For a more detailed description of these 264 Rules of Thumb for Mechanical Engineers Table wpical Mechanical Properties of Heat-Treated 4140 and 4340Steels Oil...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 21:21