in situ localization of mrna expression

... distributions of in situ nitrifying activities were determined The relationship between the spatial organization of nitrifying bacterial populations and the in situ activity of these populations within ... were performed In situ hybridization of vertical biofilm thin sections clearly indicated that the numbers of probe NEU-stained NH4+-oxidizing bacteria (i.e., Nitrosomonas marina-lineage, Nitrosomonas ... distributions of nitrifiers and heterotrophs in mixed population biofilms Biotechnol Bioeng 50:24-35 Okabe, S., H Satoh, and Y Watanabe 1999a In situ analysis of nitrifying biofilms as determined by in situ...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 08:40

... cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor that is a critical target of p53 in facilitating G1 arrest, we also studied the expression of p21WAF1/CIP1, and found that it is increased in chronic-vitamin ... protein extracts were obtained as described in experimental procedures A single band of about 53 kDa was detected in liver and lung indicating that the amount of p53 protein was significantly increased ... explain in part the decreased expression of c-Jun found in chronic19 vitamin A-deficient rats The molecular mechanism that explains the decrease in C-H-Ras expression found in chronic-vitamin A...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 08:20

... Cooking up referring expressions In Proc 27th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics C Gardent 2002 Generating minimal definite descriptions In Proc 40th Annual Meeting of ... combinations of ±b × ±c (see Figure 4) Entities were human in two of the discourses, and artefacts of various kinds in the remainder Properties of entities were introduced textually; the order of ... similarity of two arbitrary objects a and b is a function of the information gained by giving a joint description of a and b in terms of what they have in common, compared to describing a and...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 04:20

... Incubate while rocking for h at room temperature in the dark in 100 µL of staining buffer containing 10 µg/mL of FITC-conjugated streptavidin Wash by diluting the sample with mL of 2× TB buffer ... counterstain Incubate cells in 0.2 µg/mL DAPI, and rinse once in PBS To label fixed samples using both TUNEL and immunofluorescence staining for an antigen of interest, the antibody incubations ... used methods for detecting DNA damage in situ is TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining (1) TUNEL staining was initially described as a method for staining cells that have undergone...

Ngày tải lên: 11/04/2014, 09:47

... order of 1–10 ns [6], which makes the formation of homogeneous nuclei unlikely during heating with laser pulses less than ns This work addresses these issues by performing timeresolved imaging of ... light to a wavelength of 532 nm Any light remaining at the fundamental wavelength is removed in an infrared absorbing filter The probe beam then travels through a retroreflecting prism that is mounted ... delay of 20 ps This attenuated region increases to a diameter of 64 mm at 100 ps, with some fluctuations in diameter due to changes in pump beam irradiance The level of attenuation also increased...

Ngày tải lên: 06/05/2014, 08:55

... line in Fig 4g) The latter is caused by the surface roughening of the 2D Ge wetting layer surface associated with the formation of a high density of dimer vacancy lines and subsequently missing ... facet spots sharpen and strongly increase in intensity This indicates an initial rapid expansion, i.e., growth of the {113} sidewall facets of the stripes During further Si growth at 520°C, however, ... improves and the initial 3D diffraction spots completely disappear (see Fig 1b) Continuation of buffer growth, results in the appearance of faint additional diffraction streaks inclined by 25° to...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 08:20

... Foundation of China (50702017), the Innovation Foundation of Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT NSRIF 2008.51) the Post-Doctor Foundation (20060390786), and the program of excellent team in Harbin Institute ... result from TEM Principle of In Situ Mineralization of Magnetite in Chitosan Hydrogel Fig TG curves of pure magnetite (a) and the mineralized magnetite nanoparticles (b) existence of chitosan layer ... Hysteresis loop of the mineralized magnetite nanoparticles at 300 K 123 1046 Nanoscale Res Lett (2009) 4:1041–1046 Fig Principle of in situ mineralization of magnetite nanoparticles in chitosan hydrogel...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 20:20

... Encapsulation of bFGF in MSNs A weak acidic water -in- oil method followed by ammonium hydroxide treatment was developed to encapsulate bFGF in situ Figure illustrates the in situ loading of bFGF in MSNs ... concentration of released bFGF in PBS at predetermined intervals of time C0 is the total concentration of released bFGF from MSNs In addition, the loading efficiency (R) of bFGF describes the capacity of ... activation of protein kinases [26] Meanwhile, our study indicated that there is no obvious increase of dead cell (% of control) in the cytotoxicity assay during the test period The results indicate...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 00:20

... discussion of AFM results points to the possible core–shell structure formation during in situ synthesis of Au–Pt NPs on the surface from the observed increase in nanoparticle size going from pure ... mixed in different volumes to create the desired Au:Pt mole ratio in the final solution, ranging from 1:0,1:0.25, 1:0.75 to 1:1 After incubating the surface for h, rinsing with water and drying ... analysis software Surface coverage of different nanoparticles was estimated by analyzing the mean grain area and number of grains present in a typical lm lm (total area = lm2) AFM image of the respective...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 00:20

... patterns in the nanofibers were due to the small size of the crystal [48] Conclusions We prepared two kinds of the nanocomposites by using an in situ polymerization method in the presence of the ... demonstrates that 4-aminobenzoyl moiety was covalently attached to the surface of MWNT as shown in Scheme [36] The aromatic amine groups will provide the sites for the ring opening initiation of e-caprolactam ... Res Lett (2009) 4:39–46 Fig FT-IR spectra of (a) P-MWNTs and (b) F-MWNTs In situ Polymerization In situ polymerization of e-caprolactam in the presence of the F-MWNTs and the P-MWNTs was carried...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 01:20

... be induced by: 1) individual variability 2) changes in A between morning and evening at the same level of incident and PPFD The maximum values for potato about the same as those for lilac are increases ... is the point where the maximum of demand function crosses the C;regulation line We can observe that, if WUE of maize is higher than the WUE of lilac or potato, the junction occurs within the same ... Up to and 0.23 , s m’ mol the g dependence of A is c c almost linear and the slope of this line represents C Beyond these values, i - C a A does not increase for both C plants, although g can...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 04:20

... recombination breakpoints distribution Considering this, sequence analysis was performed taking into account if the breakpoint was located in the Vpr or in the Tat coding region from a total of ... found in the LTR, since it is well documented that transactivation of HIV-1 gene expression is mainly induced by Tat through the interaction with TAR, and by the interaction of Vpr with cis-acting ... factor binding sites present in the LTR revealed a high conservation of most of them Nevertheless, a remarkable high frequency of sequences harboring mutations in the NFkβ and Sp1 binding sites...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:21

... recombination breakpoints distribution Considering this, sequence analysis was performed taking into account if the breakpoint was located in the Vpr or in the Tat coding region from a total of ... found in the LTR, since it is well documented that transactivation of HIV-1 gene expression is mainly induced by Tat through the interaction with TAR, and by the interaction of Vpr with cis-acting ... factor binding sites present in the LTR revealed a high conservation of most of them Nevertheless, a remarkable high frequency of sequences harboring mutations in the NFkβ and Sp1 binding sites...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:22

... prostacyclin release was not involved in vasodilatation of rat pulmonary artery In contrast, in guinea-pig lung slices, indomethacin increased dilator responses, possibly via the inhibition of thromboxane ... (NOS) inhibitor L-NGnitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 10-3 M), the combined cyclo-oxygenase-1/ cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitor indomethacin (10-5 M) or the combination of apamin and charybdotoxin ... in lung slices the inhibitory effects we see with L-NAME are via the selective inhibition of NOSIII in the endothelium Our results showing that the combination of apamin plus charybdotoxin (inhibitors...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:20

... verifying that nonspecific binding of the Qdot 655 multimer is low Staining pattern and staining intensity of Gag CM9 Qdot 655 multimer positive cells Confocal microscopy revealed a punctate staining ... ranging from 2.43%- 9.59% of all CD8+ cells, confirming reports using flow cytometry or in situ staining of fresh tissues using tetramers [10,24-28] We also looked for CD8+ T cells recognizing ... useful in undertaking a detailed in situ analysis of the CD8+ T cell responses in SIV infection Conclusion In this study we demonstrate that by using the Gag CM9 Qdot655 multimer instead of Gag...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:23

... the localization of the mRNA The sequence is a tandem repeat of an ACACCCACACCC motif The mRNA of βactin has been located in the axon of the neuron and in dendritic spines [12,14] β-actin mRNA ... 3'-UTR of synuclein mRNA RNA secondary structure of 3'-UTR of synuclein mRNA The arrow indicates the U-rich signal sequence that could be involved in the localization of the messenger Page of 10 ... that an mRNA binding protein intreacts with the signal-sequence forming a putative complex that is anchored to a kinesin protein The mRNAs that not contain such a U-sequence might remain in the...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 23:20

... overlapping sites Given the large number of potential binding sites in a localized region of 3' UTR, the increased repression of multiple pairs of binding sites can be explained by having more binding ... available to bind to, which in turn means a greater probability of binding and thus repression In contrast, the reduced repression of a single pair of overlapping binding sites seen in Figure 2b ... assessment of binding site-specific characteristics of miRNA repression, including the number of binding sites, distances between binding sites, pairs of extensively overlapping sites, and length of the...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 08:20

... G.3 Far-infrared Region A representative spectra of the far-infrared region, 400-700 cm-1, are shown in Figure G.1 Figure G.1 In- situ raw far-infrared spectra of the hydroformylation of 3,3-dimethyl-1-but-ene ... the highpressure cell were recorded Hydroformylation reaction was initiated by introducing MPa of H2 gas Then, spectra were recorded at 10 minute intervals in the range 400-2500 cm-1 The semi-batch ... Preliminary FIR Analysis Appendix G Preliminary FIR Analysis The current appendix presents the first attempt of analyzing the far-infrared region The collected spectra were obtain from monitoring...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 12:54

... achieved by a single individual, therefore, I was very fortunate to be part of very competent team at the National University of Singapore and Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences (ICES) ... change of a reaction s Number of species T Temperature in Kelvin T1× z Transformation matrix U ∞ v CO V ν s×E Matrix of left singular vector Partial molar volume of the dissolved CO gas at infinite ... of the collected in- situ spectra, (4) a sound understanding of organometallic chemistry in particular coordination chemistry (5) the use of density functional theory to assist in geometrical assignments...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 13:04

... BUILT -IN SENSOR ARRAY FOR IN- SITU MEASUREMENT OF CELLULAR MICROENVIRONMENT ZHANG LIN (B.Eng, ZJU, China) A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF BIOENGINEERING ... encapsulation of these sensors β-TC-6 cell was used as the cell line cultured in the final microfluidic device and in- situ measurement of three parameters including pH, oxygen and glucose concentration in ... showing the sensors’ robustness in working in the real cell culture environment The measurement is in- situ, real time and reagentless, fulfilling all requirements of microscale sensing Cells in...

Ngày tải lên: 03/10/2015, 11:36