identification of gene and protein targets to drugs and vaccine development

... population of abstract representations of candidate solutions to an optimization problem evolves toward better solutions The evolution usually starts with some randomly selected genes as the first generation ... Holland [12] in his seminal work, is commonly used as an adaptive approach that provides a randomized, parallel, and global search It bases on the mechanics of natural selection and genetics to ... best-ranking individuals to reproduce (4) Breed a new generation through crossover and mutation (genetic operations) and give birth to offspring (5) Evaluate the individual fitness of the offspring (6)...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 16:20

... factors To that end, we exploit the energy compaction property of DCT and the multiresolution property of wavelet decomposition to capture the soft changes of the intensity signals To generate ... approach to enhance the image quality, utilize 1D log Gabor filter to capture global characteristics of the texture, and make use of Euler numbers to extract local topological features To accelerate ... characteristics of the human iris H.A Park and K R Park [12] propose to use 1D long and short Gabor filters for extracting local and global features of the iris texture The local and global features...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 16:20

... Tables and and Figures to Acknowledgements This work was supported by Ministry of Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (Grant No 173025) Author details University of Belgrade, ... colonization of Europe to the Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary around 4.6 to 1.6 million years ago (MYA), far before the onset of Pleistocene ice age However, during the late Pleistocene and Holocene ... the data set of Weiss et al [3] including 58 haplotypes plus three new sequences of the 3’end of the 595 bp fragment of mtDNA CR and 74 bp of flanking tRNA (Phe) from the Serbian part of Danubian...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... advice, caring and encouragement Many thanks are also given to all professors who taught our class, and other teachers of the College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, and especially to those of the Department ... iii 2.4 Genetic markers commonly used to study genetic diversity 2.5 Studies of genetic diversity of fish and shrimp populations using RAPD and ISSR 2.5.1 Studies of genetic diversity ... mainly in form of SNPs (Chutimanitsakun et al., 2011) 2.5 Studies of genetic diversity of fish and shrimp populations using RAPD and ISSR 2.5.1 Studies of genetic diversity of fish and shrimp populations...

Ngày tải lên: 22/09/2015, 15:56

... the aging of the population The lower abortion rates in Scotland lead to a forecast of a lesser further increase in incidence of breast cancer in Scotland compared to England, partly offset by ... rate of cancer of 8.3%, which corresponds to a yearly compound increase of 0.32% This predicts an increase in numbers of new cancers in the Republic of Ireland to around 3,601 in 2025, compared to ... 2000 2002 2004 2006 Year Figure Total Fertility Rates: TFR in England & Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland, Republic of Ireland, Sweden, Czech Republic, Finland, and Denmark; 1968-2006 100 125...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 02:21

... vectors generate efficient knockdown of target proteins To examine the efficiency of generation of RNAi for pSM155 and pSM30, we examined the knockdown of expression of firefly Luciferase (Luc) HeLa cells ... then generated by subcloning the miR30 expression cassette from pmiR30, and the pair of oligos used to generate pmiR155, into the XhoI and EcoRI sites of pEGFP-N1-Intron, respectively A pair of ... artificial miRNA sequences into the targeting vectors The terminal regions of the arms of the miR155 (A) and miR30 (B) vectors are shaded, and their stems designed to be replaced by artificial...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 11:20

... valence band and an empty conduction band When a photon with energy of hν matches or exceeds the bandgap energy of the semiconductor, an electron is excited from the valence band into the conduction ... metal islands of Ag, Au and Cu becomes inhibited as their Fermi-level shifts close to 17 the conduction band of the semiconductor Pt on the other hand acts as an electron scavenger and fails to achieve ... purpose is the modification and utilization of TiO2 for an advanced photocatalysis Thus, complete understanding of the fundamental nature of TiO2 for photoelectric and photochemical properties is...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:06

... combination of X and U as E = (1 − a) X + aU)T < a < Use an N × vector r (the PageRank vector) to store the importance scores of the N contacts, and set the initial values of its elements to be 1/N ... maximum of 1,225 and the minimum of 164); the average number of test messages per user was 169 (with the maximum of 525 and the minimum of 70) Preprocessing We applied a multipass preprocessing to ... sender of a message in the test set was not in the training set, the LSPR subvector of this message was assigned to the mean of LSPR vectors by default The concatenation of all these subvectors...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 22:26

... consists of a thin quartz disc sandwiched between a pair of electrodes The mode of oscillation depends on the cut and geometry of the quartz crystal If mass is applied to the surface of the quartz ... of ions and peptides to calmodulin due to ion or peptide binding [27], and the insertion of an Ad-2a model peptide onto glycolipid monolayers [28] In the latter case, the 2a-helix structure of ... with allyl mercaptan and 1-butanethiol to introduce vinyl groups to the sensor surface The monomers and the template were dissolved in chloroform and dropped onto the QCM sensor and held with a glass...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 07:20

... transketolase gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cloning, sequence and deletion analysis of the gene Eur J Biochem 217, 487–492 33 Sprenger GA (1995) Genetics of pentose-phosphate pathway enzymes of ... results of genetic and kinetic studies into the nonoxidative branch of the PPP are analyzed and used to obtain a more realistic stoichiometric flux balance model Based upon the kinetic mechanism of ... pyrophosphate (TPP) as cofactor The second carbon atom of the thiazole ring of TPP readily ionizes to give a carbanion, which can react with the carbonyl group of the ketose substrates: xylulose...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 15:21

... responses to heat shock and genotoxic stress [25,31] The kinetic studies presented in this article provide insight into the mechanism of interaction of MMG and TMG caps with the binding pocket of C ... cap-binding pocket of C elegans DcpS is inherently exible and able to accommodate 3008 To investigate the catalytic mechanism of C elegans DcpS with respect to the rst transcribed nucleoside of the cap ... A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of proteindye binding Anal Biochem 72, 248254 Niedzwiecka A, Stepinski J, Antosiewicz...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 09:20

... process of interest, allows genes to be ordered into pathways, and can provide important and novel mechanistic insights into the molecular structure and function of proteins In addition to forward genetic ... class of rgpd genes (54 out of 122 total rgpd genes) These include genes that encode proteins required for RNA processing, protein synthesis, protein folding and protein degradation Knockdown of ... the refolding of misfolded proteins Loss of function of protein homeostasis genes also causes accumulation of damaged proteins and activation of gpdh-1 expression Green arrows and red lines indicate...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 03:20

... Fragment of UML notation of data model UML specification of business services uses standard UML notations of standard linguistic annotation and corpora manipulation procedures Reusability of linguistic ... searching, automatic section indexing, and more In addition to the search capabilities, a number of other features are provided to simplify application development • Corpora Format Support In order to ... sure of the spelling of a word A search can be done to find words which are close to each other within a word Documents can be searched on what a document is about as opposed to the existence of...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 20:20

... composites, and biomedical materials by means of electron and atomic force microscopy His special field of interest is the study of toughness enhancement and of the mechanisms of deformation and fracture ... Donald G LeGrand and John T Bendler Handbook of Polyethylene: Structures, Properties, and Applications, Andrew J Peacock Polymer and Composite Rheology: Second Edition, Revised and Expanded, Rakesh ... Tuesday, April 19, 2005 9:17 AM Structure of Matter, CSIC, Madrid, and has been director of this institute (1986–2003) and founder and director of the Centre of Physics (1996–2003), CSIC in Madrid...

Ngày tải lên: 04/06/2014, 14:26

... forehead), to generate a series of activations to open/close a gripper, and to move it to pre-defined positions, thus allowing people with severe motor disability to execute activities of daily ... objective is to map the data corresponding to the multi-channel neural spikes of a monkey to the 3D positions of its arm positions The predicted position of the hand of the monkey is used to control ... the operator uses the BCI to An operator is considered capable of having full control of the BCI if he succeeds in the first and second stages, what means if he showed to be able to command the...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... several of these interfaces up and thus has multiple paths to the Internet, it is said to be multihomed In mobile environments, MRs often suffer from scarce bandwidth, frequent link failures and limited ... number of vehicles A sender terminal (MNN), connected to one of the in-vehicle networks, is in charge of generating data traffic towards a receiver terminal (MNN) inside another vehicle Both sender and ... positions and movements of the vehicles are depicted along with their speed and distance to the rest of cars The amount of transferred data, throughput, packet loss rate, roundtrip time, and jitter,...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 08:20

... close to the performance of random vector quantization, and so we use this approach to derive the achievable rate The following lemma gives the distribution of the interference term due to quantization ... example, it is used to investigate the impact of feedback delay on the performance of closed-loop transmit diversity in [24] and the system capacity and bit error rate of point -to- point MIMO link ... in the case of line of sight MIMO channel, fewer feedback bits are required compared to the Rayleigh channel [21] We consider two of the main sources of the CSIT imperfection-delay and quantization...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 20:20

... analysis of these nanorods has been carried out using EDS and is shown in Fig Fig a TEM image of Co NT, b TEM image of Ni NW (inset: ED of Ni NW), c FESEM image of Ni @ Co nanorods, and d TEM image of ... for h, and then Ni is electrodeposited using NiSO4Á6H2O also for h This has resulted into Ni-filled Co nanotubes (Ni @ Co nanorods) of length 15 lm and of diameter *150 nm The formation of a core–shell ... that atomic percentage of Ni is less than that of Co XRD (Fig 4) indicates that Ni @ Co core–shell structure is crystalline in nature and constitutes two separate phases, a fcc belonging to Ni and...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 00:20