hypothesis testing for paired samples

... for each optimization run i We designate the score of the jth virtual test set of the ith optimization run with mij If mi = k k mij , then we have: j=1 sample samples samples 10 samples 50 samples ... experimental samples (Table 1) Because of the large number of trials we carried out, we can be extremely confident in concluding that for both pairs of systems, the experimental manipulation accounts for ... run list of the translated segments of the test set For each hypothesis output Xi , we construct k bootstrap replicates by drawing segments uniformly, with replacement, from Xi , together with...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 16:20

... F; Output: K samples of A Initialize A for k = to K for each sentence-pair s in (E, F) for j = to J for i = to I Calculate P (aj = i| · · · ) according to (7) Sample a new value for aj P (E, ... set for development, and the IWSLT 2004 test set for testing7 For Czech↔English, we used the 95K-sentence news commentary parallel corpus from the WMT shared task8 for training, news2008 set for ... set for development, news2009 set for testing, and the 438M-word English and 81.7M-word Czech monolingual news corpora for additional language model (LM) training For Arabic↔English, we used the...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 16:20

... random variable pair Hypothesis testing for performance evaluation The formulation of the previous hypothesis test gives means for evaluating the whole classification chain performance Receiver ... ROC graph for test1 ROC graph for test1 ROC graph for test The detection probability for the positive class is plotted versus the falsealarm rate Figure ROC graph for test2 ROC graph for test2 ... the tests for given sizes Power β of the tests for different sizes α The thresholds η defining the corresponding decision functions are also indicated Test1 Performance of hypothesis testing as...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... decreasing levels of confidence with standard hypothesis- testing statistics As described later, I will advocate that these limitations make the use of hypothesis- testing statistics irrelevant, and that ... finding (rejecting the NH) would be 5% for one comparison, about 10% for two comparisons, 23% for five comparisons, and 40% for ten comparisons This means that if in an RCT, the primary analysis ... priori (before the study, which is always the case for primary and secondary outcomes) or post hoc (after the fact, which should be viewed as exploratory, not confirmatory, of any hypothesis) ...

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2013, 11:20

... reject this hypothesis 1.4 Testing Joint Hypotheses about α and β Often it is of interest to formulate hypothesis tests that involve both α and β For example, consider the joint hypothesis that ... test We will reject the null hypothesis only if the estimated value of β much greater than one The t-statistic for testing this null hypothesis is the same as before but the decision rule is ... subsamples; (2) α may differ over the two subsamples; (3) α and β may differ over the two subsamples 1.5.1 Testing Structural Change in β only If α is the same but β is different over the subsamples...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 14:53

Ngày tải lên: 17/12/2013, 15:17

... Test Orders DataReader for records result.Append("DataReader " + ORDERS_TABLE + ": Has records = " + orderReader.HasRows + Environment.NewLine); // Test Orders DataReader for records bool readerHasRecords ... // Test Orders DataTable for records bool tableHasRecords = orderTable.Rows.Count > 0; result.Append("DataTable " + ORDERS_TABLE ... DataRowCollection has a Count property that returns the number of rows in the table The Count property for an empty table has a value of The HasRows property of the DataReader returns a Boolean value...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 11:20

... negative by nucleic acid amplification testing Tuberculin skinfor acid-fast bacilli, testing, Mantoux method by nucleic injection of tuberculin Tuberculin skin testing, Mantoux methodbut were repeatedly ... screened used for tuberculin skin testing. 5 before starting immunosuppressive therapy, or to establish It is not known if interferon gamma release assays are as a baseline when repeat testing is ... investigation for active pulmonary tuberculosis They are mainly used for detecting latent tuberculosis in Latent infection people when active tuberculosis has been excluded, and for Screening for latent...

Ngày tải lên: 15/02/2014, 12:20

... considered as pseudo-structural form equations for the first s elements of ∆y t If the system is completed by adding the unconstrained reduced-form equations for the remaining n - s elements ... contemporaneously correlated The test for the existence of at least s cofeature vectors is 14 therefore a test of the above structural form encompassing the unrestricted reduced form (2) The above system ... interest rate” We therefore test for the restrictions that the weights equal average GDP shares for the three countries across the sample period(7) which were 0.24, 0.34 and 0.42 for the United Kingdom,...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 14:20

... penetration testing Vulnerability assessments Penetration testing Advanced penetration testing Before testing begins Determining scope Setting limits — nothing lasts forever 8 10 10 12 Planning for action ... appropriate personnel • Begin and end dates for your testing • The type of testing that will be performed • Limitations of testing °° What type of testing is permitted? DDOS? Full Penetration? ... Advanced Penetration Testing for Highly-Secured Environments: The Ultimate Security Guide Learn to perform professional penetration testing for highly-secured environments with...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 13:32

... Electrical endurance testing for circuit-breakers of rated voltage 72,5 kV and above FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization ... tests NOTE For circuit-breaker designs covering several rated short-circuit breaking currents, only tests for the highest rated short-circuit breaking current need to be performed NOTE For rationale, ... assumption that interruptions are performed at L 75 As the number of interruptions performed at L 75 may be higher than 3, for example when synthetic tests are performed, LC1 tests should be carried...

Ngày tải lên: 04/04/2014, 12:38

... Emission Testing 8.1.2 Immunity Testing 8.1.3 In Situ Testing 8.2 Potential Problems During Testing and Troubleshooting 8.3 Testing and Troubleshooting Concerns 8.3.1 Systematic Approach for Emission ... exist Therefore, it is necessary to use different techniques for development and diagnostic testing over that required for conformity compliance 1.6.2 Compliance and Precompliance Testing Many ... Testing and Troubleshooting 8.3.2 Systematic Approach for Immunity Testing and Troubleshooting 8.3.3 Systematic Approach to Detecting and Locating Problems 8.3.4 Minimum Requirements for Performing...

Ngày tải lên: 01/06/2014, 12:11

... are kept under control Therefore, for IFA based fault modeling and testing, only the local deformations or defects are taken into account 28 Defect-oriented Testing for Nano-metric CMOS VLSI Circuits ... decreased by a factor 0.8 for each new generation Therefore, testing time is increased by 3.2 times for each new generation This results in a tremendous increase in testing cost which prevents ... requirements for a given PPM for an IC It was shown that for 1000 PPM, about 99% fault coverage will be needed Similar results were obtained by McCluskey and Buelow [31] The 12 Defect-oriented Testing for...

Ngày tải lên: 04/06/2014, 15:05

... value is inconsistent with the null hypothesis we reject the null hypothesis and infer that the alternative hypothesis is true 18 Concepts of Hypothesis Testing For example, if we’re trying to decide ... alternative hypothesis or research hypothesis is HA: The defendant is guilty The jury does not know which hypothesis is true They must make a decision on the basis of evidence presented Hypothesis Testing ... alternative hypothesis That is why we never say that we accept the null hypothesis Hypothesis Testing There are two possible errors A Type I error occurs when we reject a true null hypothesis...

Ngày tải lên: 05/06/2014, 08:39

... Quality Control for Molecular Diagnostics (QCMD) Varicella zoster virus proficiency panel 2003 consisted of 12 coded samples: nine samples of a dilution series of VZV and HSV-1, and two samples with ... pneumonitis All CSF samples were tested for biochemical analysis (the concentration of protein and glucose and lymphocyte count) and bacterial infection (by culturing) Moreover, CSF samples showed ... its utility in the clinical setting, by avoiding the need to test samples separately for each virus and reducing the time (8 hours for processing amplification and detection) and costs of the tests...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 18:20

... Quality Control for Molecular Diagnostics (QCMD) Varicella zoster virus proficiency panel 2003 consisted of 12 coded samples: nine samples of a dilution series of VZV and HSV-1, and two samples with ... pneumonitis All CSF samples were tested for biochemical analysis (the concentration of protein and glucose and lymphocyte count) and bacterial infection (by culturing) Moreover, CSF samples showed ... its utility in the clinical setting, by avoiding the need to test samples separately for each virus and reducing the time (8 hours for processing amplification and detection) and costs of the tests...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... Approximate formulae for α0 , α1 and Eθ0 [T], Eθ1 [T] are given in [27] Hypothesis testing usually involves composite hypotheses, with distinct interpretations for the null and alternative hypothesis ... could, for example, select hypothesis H0 if λM ≤ These modifications are discussed in [27] i I ΛP ≥ Λobs i Si = i =1 (9) 4.2 Single Hypothesis Test Suppose we adopt a fixed significance level α for ... controlled at the α level For example, the Benjamini-Hochberg (BH) procedure is a step-up procedure defined by C(K, j, p) = j −1 K p and controls for FDR for independent hypothesis tests A comprehensive...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 11:20

... Blackbox Testing Method The blackbox testing method is a technique for hardening and penetration -testing Web applications where the source code to the application is not available to the tester It forces ... of protocols, languages and formats - HTTP, HTTPS, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, etc - that are used as a platform for the construction of Web applications HTTP provides two forms of authentication: Basic ... provide for further avenues of attack For example, take the following chunk of code:

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2021, 16:42

... để ước lượng tỉ lệ tổng thể p III CÁC LOẠI GIẢ THUYẾT TRONG THỐNG KÊ Giả thuyết H0 : (The null hypothesis) Để dễ hiểu,  ký hiệu cho tham số tổng thể số trung bình (), phương sai (2), phương ... thuyết dãy giá trị, lúc H0:   0 hay H0:   0 (kiểm định đuôi) Giả thuyết H1 : (The Alternative Hypothesis) Giả thuyết H1 kết ngược lại giả thuyết H0, giả thuyết H0 giả thuyết H1 sai ngược lại...

Ngày tải lên: 01/08/2014, 11:21

... patients for genetic counseling before testing for these disorders It is very important to discuss the potential advantages and disadvantages of testing with patients before sending blood samples for ... carrier testing of minors, testing should only proceed with proper informed consent This guideline also applies to potential female carriers of an X-linked disorder and for predictive genetic testing ... Snow-Bailey for her support for the Molecular Immunology Diagnostic Service at Auckland Hospital We are very grateful to IDFNZ for their support in creating this service We thank Octapharma for an...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 21:20