history of and trends in the citrus industry

... processes, and other processes and principles relevant to understanding the dynamics of freezing Food science and technology principles These principles explain the chemistry and biology of food ... that the mechanical stress in the product during freezing (stretching owing to ice formation) interacts with the quality of the mechanical and therefore the thermal contact between the surface and ... be the temperature of the beginning Tgonset, of the middle of the transition Tgmid-point (value most often used) or even of the end of the transition (See Fig for sucrose solution.) The cooling/heating...

Ngày tải lên: 23/05/2014, 12:17

... depending on the season, chlorinated, dechlorinated, and then discharged Figure is a photograph of the algae growing in the launders The algae are a combination of several coexisting species including ... of the triglyceride making an alkyl ester bond and an anion of diglyceride The diglyceride anion deprotonates the Na+ ion and further reactions continue until all three fatty acid chains of the ... 10 minutes, and shut off to weigh the fuel tank The tank was quickly reinstalled, the engine was restarted, set to 2500 rpm, and three sets of data were taken, each at a 10-minute interval The...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 15:28

... values, then we use comparisons to remove inconsistent comparisons Finally we examine the remaining values and the comparison graph Processing bounds First we verify that indeed most (≥ 50%) of the ... three main stages: (1) mining for similar objects and determination of a class label; (2) mining for attribute values and comparison statements; (3) processing the results 3.1 Similar objects and ... Usage of all this knowledge allows us to select the correct value of 1.695m and reject other values Thus we can increase the precision of value extraction by finding and analyzing an entire group of...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... using the system They liked the paradigm of the explorative search on the iPad and preferred touching the graph instead of reformulating their queries The presentation of background facts in ... (gossip) and more interesting facts that come into mind during the search Half of the testers were asked to first use Google and then our system in order to compare the results and the usage on the ... from the node in focus Although all of our test persons make use of standard search engines, most of them can imagine to using our system at least in combination with a search engine even on their...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 05:20

... the leaves of the first flush for oak leaves (May 1988) and on the needles of 1987 for spruce needles The enzymatic capacities increased markedly during the growing season (March) of spruce and ... (March) of spruce and during the new flush (June) in oak, except NAD-malic enzyme Thereafter, they remained constant or slightly decreased during the rest of the time The highest enzyme capacities ... to the appearance of different isoforms of these enzymes From these results, it became obvious that the purification of these enzymes was necessary They were investigated by using an ion-exchange...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 04:20

... [12], Koprinska and Carrato [53], Wang and Chang [116] The MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and other emerging video compression standards are successful in reducing the size of the visual media while maintaining high ... detection and tracking in video We address them here to provide insights into the problems and justify the related approaches The movements of the faces and/ or camera play important roles in the appearance ... as the tracking progresses We apply the model to the candidate regions to locate the target face In the tracking process, we also handle the issues of partial occlusion, rotation in the plane and...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 14:35

... entrophy gain, and the driving force for the process is the tendency of the hydrophobic group to transfer from water to the interior of the micelle (Rosen, 1989) On the contrary, an increase in the ... “salting -in effects enhance the hydration of surfactant and hence increase the cloud point Wherease, “salting-out” ions have the opposite effects In this thesis, “salting -in and “salting-out” ... effects The magnitude of the effects of the anions and cations appears to depend on the radius of the hydrated ions; the smaller the radius, the greater the effects 2.2.2.4 Solvents The presence of...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 17:11

... suggested that the increase in the AOT concentration results in the increase in the number of reversed micelles in the bulk organic phase and therefore the increase in the number of interfacial ... pool of the reversed micelles through the channel of the bud Fusion of the interfacial surfactant layer in the neck of the bud occurs, followed by the diffusion of the amino acid-containing reversed ... re-extraction of amino acids and the use of aromatic solvents remains as an interesting factor to be investigated The influence of the stirring speed on the rate of transfer of amino acids has...

Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2015, 21:28

... Duration of degreening required depends on maturity stage (amount of chlorophyll) in the skin of citrus fruits Washing -Dumping- Surface Drying Waxing and Fungicide Application Surface Drying Sorting ... Clippers Used For Harvesting Citrus Fruits Delivering Bins of Citrus Fruits to Packinghouse Citrus Degreening Rooms Inside Citrus Degreening Rooms Degreening Of Citrus Fruits -Recommended ConditionsTemperature ... Rates These respiration rates are about double those reported in USDA Handbook 66 (2-4 at 5ºC and 10-17 ml CO2/kg.hr at 20ºC) for mandarins and oranges Skin Staining is a Preharvest Disorder Rind...

Ngày tải lên: 03/04/2013, 20:58

... the sample into the solvent reservoir The water sample will drain into the cartridge, and from the exit into the suction flask Maintain the packing material in the cartridge immersed in water at ... part of the performance test The correct setting of the baseline threshold, as indicated by the presence of low intensity ions, is the next most important part of the performance test Finally, the ... acetate and elute the cartridge with this rinse into the collection tube Wash the inside of the separatory funnel and the sample jar with mL methylene chloride and elute the cartridge, collecting the...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 14:20

... The situation in paper production and printing industry ˿ The situation in printing and finishing industry ˿ Circumstances in the workshop ˿ Paper handling 11 ˿ ˿ ˿ ˿ Blistering Breaking in the ... tearing in the internal structure of the paper and blistering in the printed areas (see figures) binding agents and coating pigments used, the amount of binding agents contained in the paper and ... bars and the former fold, causing the print to smear and preventing successful processing in the folding unit Two-sided printing in a printing unit Heatset inks settle (or “set”) when the thin-liquid...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 05:20

... diagnosing CSD and currently the only reasonably reliable indicator of the disease is yellowing of the phloem vessel system in the tissues of rootstocks In an attempt to identify genetic features of ... characterized from around the world, with the identified strains differing from one another in the symptoms they induce in different citrus genotypes or their aphid transmissibility [2-9] Since 2001, an ... of the five identified sequence lineages in A Coloured dots beside the schematic representations of the recombinant sequences represent the numbers and origins of recombinant sequences sharing...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... born in Athens, Greece, in 1974, and he is a Senior Researcher at the Informatics and Telematics Institute He received the Diploma degree in electrical and computer engineering, the M.S degree in ... received the M.S and Ph.D degrees in electrical engineering from the California Institute of Technology in 1990 and 1993, respectively He received the B.S degree in electrical engineering from the ... medical informatics, and the Ph.D degree in electrical and computer engineering from the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, in 1999, 2002, and 2005, respectively His main research interests...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 20:20

... of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase by concanavalin A through dual signaling pathways, G-protein-coupled and phosphotyrosine-related, and an essential role of the G-protein-coupled signals for the ... Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science and Technology, 7, 54–58 (in Chinese) Hansson, G K (2005) In ammation, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease New England Journal of Medicine, 352, ... ppm (C-3), and 3.43 ppm (C-2) and are shown in Fig 3A On the basis of these results, the polysaccharides has been determined to be a novel biomolecule combined by ␣- and ␤-linkages The signals...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 11:20

... 4a) The initial increasing slopes (Figure 4c and d, circled plots) were fitted with lines depicting the kinetics of initial arrival of Cd in the respective ROI The X-intercepts of the fitting lines ... supplied only at the beginning of the imaging, and almost all of the 107Cd in the culture solution was absorbed by the roots within approximately h in all cultivars (Figure 1d) Therefore, the plateau ... types This kinetics may reflect the binding of Cd within the apoplastic spaces of the root cell wall and the subsequent absorption via the plasma membrane into the cytoplasm, as seen in the root...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:21

... writing, organization and discussion of the manuscript and LN conceived of the study, and participated in its design and coordination, and revised the manuscript All authors read and approved the ... haploid plants of 'Clemenules' clementine by gynogenesis in situ, induced by irradiated pollen of 'Fortune' mandarin Cytogenetic and SSR analysis facilitated determination of the origin of these different ... mandarin, the aneuploid plants have a very low probability of being hybrids with this mandarin Indeed taking into account only one marker of each of the six linkage groups with specific alleles the...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:21

... collected during the first week in the Norwegian herd Instead, low levels of PCV2 DNA could be detected in serum of a handful of these pigs after three weeks in the finishing unit, coinciding in time ... those in herd A when arriving at the finishing unit and remained at that level during the five weeks of sampling Pigs in herd C were seronegative to PCV2 on arrival and remained negative during the ... the three finishing herds were the levels and kinetics of their antibody response to PCV2, indicative of different starting situations at the time of allocation to the finishing herd The highest...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:22

... for the determination of the metal ions All instrumental settings were those recommended in the manufacturer’s manual book The samples were introduced to nebulizer of the AAS by using micro injection ... Soylak and Yilmaz, 2011) The in uences of the alkaline, alkaline earth and transition metal ions were examined The results are given in Table The limit of tolerance for analytes is defined as the ... 2011), the effects of sample and eluent flow rates on the recoveries of Cd(II) and Pb(II)-1-phenyl-1H-tetrazole-5-thiol chelates in the range of 1.5–6.0 ml minÀ1 The recoveries of Cd(II) and Pb(II)...

Ngày tải lên: 02/09/2015, 13:45

... UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE 2012 Thesis Declaration The work in this thesis is the original work of GUO LIANG, performed independently under the supervision of Professor Lee Hian Kee, (in the laboratory of ... Qiping for their technical assistance during my work Appreciation is also addressed to many other laboratory officers in the Department of Chemistry, and the staff in the General Office of the ... immobilized in the pores of the hollow fiber, and further into another aqueous solution held in the lumen of the hollow fiber Since the extract is an aqueous solution, it is compatible with HPLC and...

Ngày tải lên: 30/09/2015, 06:20