handbook of practical xray fluorescence analysis pdf

... inside the sodium channels of cell membranes, and thus block the permeability of sodium ions; this is the mechanism of anaesthetic action of these drugs. As the history of local anaesthetics, Von ... died of its poisoning, were 9.8–52 µg/mL [20,21].  e blood and urine concentrations of the drug for a adult woman, who had received the administration of 3,000 mg of the drug and died of its ... a fatal case with oral intake of dibucaine; 0.6 µg/mL of dibucaine and 1.5 mg/mL of ethanol were detected from blood of this victim [7]. Notes a)  e long storage of the solutions in dark brown

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 18:15

... to the outer surface of hair without chemical reaction. In view of poisoning, the reactive hair dyes are objects of interest and of analysis. A reactive hair dye consists of main components for ... night of the 1st day of admission, the occult blood test of urine became positive (2+); 2 vials of heptoglobin were administered, followed by direct hemoperfusion and administration of 7 mL of 0.8 ... the clogging of a pre- lter of HPLC sometimes appears and the movement of a plunger in a syringe of an autoinjector becomes not smooth for GC or GC/MS.  ese are due to the presence of insoluble

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 18:15

... blood. Storage of specimens Care should be taken also for the storage of specimens until analysis. By the action of strong light, CO can be liberated from COHb; the shading of specimens from ... practice. To perform accurate measurements of low ranges of COHb by this method, the following modi cation of the method is recommended. About 20–30 specimens of fresh blood obtained from healthy ... resulting in drastic decrease of the number of CO poisoning cases. Nevertheless, many incidents of CO poisoning are occurring due to imperfect combustion,  re, exhaust gas of automobiles and other

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 18:20

... had been added. ⊡ Figure 4.1 Analysis of formic acid 126 Methanol and formic acid • Methanol: reagent of special grade. • Sodium formate: 10 mg of sodium formate of special grade is dissolved ... the construction of a calibration curve) in a set of experiments to avoid the variation of data due to a di erent lot of a  ber. k) Although the extraction e ciency (recovery) of the headspace ... acid Procedure for wide-bore capillary GC i. A 0.5 mL volume of whole blood, 80 µL of IS solution, 0.5 mL of distilled water and 0.6 g of solid ammonium sulfate a are placed in a 4 mL volume glass

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 18:20

... with a particle diameter of 2 µm in place of 5 µm; the smaller diameter gives various advantages, such as higher sensitivity, rapid analysis and a smaller amount of the  ow of mobile phase.  e ... NPD). Methylation reaction of phenobarbital with TMAH. ⊡ Figure 6.3 GC analysis 304 Barbiturates Procedure i. A 0.2-mL volume of serum e , 1.3 mL distilled water, 1.0 mL of 0.2 M sodium acetate/acetic ... GC analysis 306 Barbiturates between mephobarbital and phenobarbital becomes impossible a er methylation of these compounds. It should be cautioned that the peak of thiopental overlaps that of

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 12:15

... compound to IS is obtained. vi. For quantitative analysis, a 10-µL of IS solution and one of various concentrations of a target compound are added to 1 mL of blank whole blood or urine obtained from ... phase, 100 µL of phosphoric acid solution for back-extraction of the com- pounds. An aliquot of the aqueous phase is injected into HPLC. Assessment of the method  e retention times of diphenyhydramine ... in the range of 1–100 ng/mL; the detection limit was reported to be 1 ng/mL. HPLC analysis of diphenyhydramine in blood and urine 320 Diphenylmethane antihistaminics HPLC analysis of chlorpheniramine

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 12:15

... analgesic- antipyretics (alminoprofen, ibuprofen, oxaprofen, ketoprofen, zaltoprofen, tiaprofenic acid, naproxen, fenoprofen calcium, pranoprofen,  urbiprofen and loxoprofen sodium) were re- ported ... derivative analgesic-antipyretics alminoprofen ibuprofen oxaprozin ketoprofen zaltoprofen tiaprofenic acid naproxen fenoprofen calcium pranoprofen flurbiprofen loxoprofen sodium 327 Developing solvents ... blood plasma [9]. 1: ibuprofen; 2: alminoprofen; 3: tiaprofenic acid; 4: fenoprofen; 5: flurbiprofen; 6: naproxen; 7: loxoprofen; 8: ketoprofen; 9: pranoprofen; 10: zaltoprofen; IS: 9-anthracenecarboxylic

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 12:15

... A Handbook of Practical Analysis Osamu Suzuki and Kanako Watanabe Drugs and Poisons in Humans A Handbook of Practical Analysis With 236 Figures and 90 Tables 123 Prof Osamu Suzuki Assoc Prof ... components of accurate and reliable methods and should be included in the analysis of each batch of specimens Quality control samples should span the linear range of the assay The issue of method ... TANAKA Department of Legal Medicine, Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba XV XVI List of Contributors Masaru TERADA Department of Legal Medicine, School of Medicine, Toho

Ngày tải lên: 22/01/2014, 00:20

... analysis of chloroform and dichloromethane and established the details of the procedure. A er this study, we extended this line of experiments to other VOCs and got good results.  e cost of ... suita- ble for analysis of non-volatile or thermolabile compounds, but is superior in separation abil- ity, because of the high number of theoretical plates; the reproducibility of the method ... detection and identi cation of drugs and poi- sons. Around that time, the use of GC/MS started in the  eld of medicine.  erefore, an ideal procedure for analysis of drugs and poisons was considered

Ngày tải lên: 22/01/2014, 00:20

... available, because of the low sensitivity of analytical methods. Now, the authors are undertaking the analysis of AAs in body  uids of aconite-poisoned patients in every area of Japan, and thus ... simultaneous quantitation of AAs in small volumes of specimens. i. EI mass spectra of AA-TMS derivatives > Figures 1.2–1.4 show EI mass spectra of TMS derivatives of aconitines, benzoylaconines ... to be used is of amino acid sequence analysis grade (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., Osaka, Japan or Sigma). Other organic solvents are of HPLC grade; other reagents are of special grade.

Ngày tải lên: 22/01/2014, 00:20

... solution is condensed under a stream of nitrogen and injected into HPLC for analysis. Analysis of toxins of magic mushrooms (Psilocybe species) For analysis of hallucinogenic toxins, such as psilocybin ... of its spores, chemical methods for analysis of toxins of mushrooms are also important. In this section, some examples of such chemical methods are described; especially, those for toxins of ... only 11 of 43 patients, from urine in 23 of 35 patients, from the contents of the stomach and duodenum in 4 of 12 patients and from feces in 10 of 12 patients [3].  e blood concentrations of amanitin

Ngày tải lên: 22/01/2014, 00:20

... with fluorescence detection. Abstracts of the 116th Annual Meeting of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan, p 188 (in Japanese) 11) Fukushima S (1996) Analysis of tetrodotoxin in specimens of ... excretion of TTX as a function of time after ingestion. ⊡ Figure 3.6 489 Notes a)  ese  gures were obtained from data collected by Bureau of Medical Drugs, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of ... urine specimens of poisoned patients. In this chapter, the methods of analysis of tetrodotoxin in human specimens by GC/MS and HPLC are described [3]. ⊡ Table 3.1 Incidence of fugu (puffer)

Ngày tải lên: 22/01/2014, 00:20

... days later, because of improvement. In Japan, the incidence of accidental ingestion of cigarettes by small infants is very high. By ingestion of one piece of cigarettes or of more than 3 cigarette ... nicotine in human specimens, because of its low sensitivity as compared with that of GC/MS, but can be applied to measurements of high levels of nicotine in specimens of experimental animals. Reagents ... cigarettes, because of the sense of security [14]. In this section, a method for HPLC analysis of nicotine in cigarettes is described; it cannot be applied to measurements of nicotine in human

Ngày tải lên: 22/01/2014, 00:20

... instrumental analysis A usual diagram for analysis of environmental specimens is shown in > Figure 9.2 Pretreatment methods ⊡ Figure 9.1 Flowchart for the procedure of the verification analysis of chemical ... screening of wide ranges of the chemical agents, capillary columns with internal diameter of 0.2–0.3 mm, with length of 20–30 m and film thickness of 0.25–0.33 µm are used ii Simple qualitative analysis ... COOH groups of aspartic acid and glutamic acid, the imidazole NH group of histidine, the NH2 group of N-terminal amino acid valine of α-and β-chains of hemoglobin and the SH group of cysteine;

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 18:20

... of specimens GC/MS analysis of thiosulfate (a metabolite of hydrogen sulfi de) in blood and urine ⊡ Table 2.4 Concentrations of thiosulfate in blood after death by H 2 S poisoning No. Place of ... measure- GC/MS analysis of thiosulfate (a metabolite of hydrogen sulfi de) in blood and urine 108 Hydrogen sulfi de and its metabolite ⊡ Figure 2.2 TIC and mass chromatograms of a derivative of thiosulfate ... obtained from blood of a victim who died of hydrogen sulfide poisoning. m/z 426: the derivative of thiosulfate; m/z 314: IS. ⊡ Table 2.3 Concentrations of thiosulfate in urine of survivors after

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 18:20

... kinds of qualitative and quantitative methods for analysis of cyanide in wide  elds, re ecting the great needs of its analysis.  e Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) standard- ized a method of ... Society of Japan (ed) (1992) Standard Methods of Chemical Analysis in Poisoning. 4th edn. Nanzando, Tokyo, pp 75–83 (in Japanese) 5) Maseda C, Fukui Y (1992) Forensic aspects of cyanide analysis. ... review of the methods available for the detection and determination of small amounts of cyanide. Analyst 88:751–760 7) Guatelli MA (1964) The toxicology of cyanides. In: Curry AS (ed) Methods of

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 18:20

... bottle of profenofos emulsi able concentrate, the concentration of which was 40 %, was found near the deceased. Approximately 220 mL of the concentrate remained in the bottle.  e lapse of time ... h at the time of autopsy. Autopsy  ndings were mio- sis, erosion of the pharynx, larynx and esophagus, and 87 mL of dark brownish  uid in the stomach.  e concentrations profenofos in blood, ... concentration of its metabolite desethylated profenofos in blood was as high as 317 µg/mL.  ese results show that the detection of a main metabolite is important together with that of an unchanged

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 18:20

... Kato M (1987) Method for Analysis of Residual Pesticides, Enlarged edn Soft Science, Tokyo, p 236 (in Japanese) 5) Kageura M, Hieda Y, Hara K et al (1988) Analysis of glyphosate and (aminomethyl) ... Honda T, Nakashima K, Higashi H et al (1999) Analysis of toxicokinetics of glufosinate (GLF) in a case of poisoning by oral intake of BASTA Fluid® Jpn J Toxicol 12:468 (in Japanese) ... ingestion; more than 95 % of an absorbed amount of the compound is excreted into urine within 24 h; a major part of the... Meeting of Japanese Association of Science and Technology

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 18:20

... inhibition of acetylcho- linesterase (AchE) by their binding with the active site of the enzyme; the inhibition of the hydrolysis reaction of acetylcholine (Ach) results in the accumulation of Ach, ... and GC/MS analysis, one or two of carbofuran, carbaryl and ethion (an organophos- phorus compound) are used as IS(s) according to retention time(s) of target compound(s).  e peak of ethion ... intensities of molecular ions are generally low; there are compounds without appearance of molecular ions p . Su cient qualitative analysis is achieved by measuring retention times and mass spectra of

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 18:20

... as described in the last part of the above (1) section using IS-2. HPLC analysis 576 Paraquat and diquat Assessment of the method > Figure 5.3 shows structures of diquat-monopyridone and diquat-dipyridone. ... the plasma concentrations of para- HPLC chromatograms for extracts of blood in the presence and absence of diquat-dipyridone and paraquat-dipyridone. The concentration of each compound was 0.1 ... almost equal to those of diquat within 24 h a er ingestion of a mixture herbicide product of paraquat and diquat. A er 24 h, the diquat concentration become lower than that of paraquat. Since

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 18:20