guidelines for determining that a borrower has sufficient credit references

REGULATION OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL - On amending Regulation (EC) No 1060/2009 on credit rating agencies ppt

REGULATION OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL - On amending Regulation (EC) No 1060/2009 on credit rating agencies ppt
Ngày tải lên : 15/03/2014, 07:20
... provided for by ESMA ESMA shall make that information accessible to the public and shall publish summary information on the main developments observed on an annual basis A credit rating agency shall ... ratings transition frequency and information about credit ratings issued in the past and on their changes A credit rating agency shall provide information to that repository on a standard form as provided ... such a way that would indicate or suggest endorsement or approval by that authority of the credit ratings or any credit rating activities of the credit rating agency." In Article 11, paragraphs and...
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Tài liệu A Historical Primer on the Business of Credit Ratings docx

Tài liệu A Historical Primer on the Business of Credit Ratings docx
Ngày tải lên : 16/02/2014, 03:20
... data allowing one to compare historical bond market developments across countries His data appear to indicate that as early as 1850 the U.S corporate bond market was as large or larger than that ... of U.S railroad corporations The corporate bond market, essentially a railroad bond market in its early decades, can properly be viewed as an American financial innovation that later spread to ... itself indicates that agency credit ratings are hardly an integral part of capital market history It also raises several questions Why did credit rating agencies first appear when (1909) and where...
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On the prediction of credit ratings

On the prediction of credit ratings
Ngày tải lên : 04/10/2015, 10:21
... 52% Actual Rating Table VII: Ordered Probit In-Sample Hit/Miss Table: Maximum Probability Aaa Aa1 Aa2 Aa3 A1 A2 A3 Baa1 Baa2 Baa3 Ba1 Ba2 Ba3 B1 B2 B3 C Type II Aaa 27 15 13 5 4 Aa1 Aa2 0 Aa3 ... DRAFT Actual Rating Table VI: Ordered Probit In-Sample Hit/Miss Table: Linear Index within Break Points Aaa Aa1 Aa2 Aa3 A1 A2 A3 Baa1 Baa2 Baa3 Ba1 Ba2 Ba3 B1 B2 B3 C Type II Aaa 1 Aa1 4 2 Aa2 ... Aa1 Aa2 Aa3 A1 A2 A3 Baa1 Baa2 Actual Baa3 Ba1 Ba2 Ba3 MRP Table XV: Comparing Type II Errors by Rating Category Rating Aaa Aa1 Aa2 Aa3 A1 A2 A3 Baa1 Baa2 Baa3 Ba1 Ba2 Ba3 B1 B2 B3 C OLS 66%...
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Paradox of credit ratings

Paradox of credit ratings
Ngày tải lên : 04/10/2015, 10:22
... precisely or say, for example, that a particular rating has a particular probability of default, and they stress that the ratings are qualitative and judgmental This secretive, qualitative process ... show that credit ratings not accurately capture credit risk over time Increases in ratings-driven transactions show that market participants are engaging in transactions to obtain more favorable ... contained in credit ratings They are at least as accurate as credit ratings And because credit spreads are determined by the market as a whole, not by any individual entity or entities, a credit...
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The impact of credit ratings on capital structure (the case of listed companies on hose)

The impact of credit ratings on capital structure (the case of listed companies on hose)
Ngày tải lên : 23/10/2015, 15:38
... of credit ratings Vietnam has not promulgated in any legal documents regarding corporate credit rating Moody’s S&P Fitch Rating description Aaa AAA AAA Aa1 AA+ AA+ Aa2 AA AA Aa3 AA- AA- A1 A+ A+ ... within the broad rating category, whereas Moody‘s assign numerical modifiers (Aaa, Aa1, Aa2, Aa3, A1 , A2 , A3 , Baa1, Baa2, Baa3 and so on) to the alphabetic codes (Aaa, Aa, A, Baa and so on) Nguyen ... giving a rating In other words, credit rating analysis of a corporate issuer typically considers many financial and non-financial factors, both qualitative and quantitative Credit ratings evaluation...
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Determinants and Impact of Sovereign Credit Ratings ppt

Determinants and Impact of Sovereign Credit Ratings ppt
Ngày tải lên : 22/03/2014, 18:20
... Aa2 Aaa Aa1 Aa1 B1 Aa2 Baa1 A3 Baa3 Baal Aa1 Aa2 Aaa Aaa Baa3 A3 Ba1 A2 Baa3 Baa3 Aa2 A1 Aaa A1 Aaa A1 A2 Ba2 Aaa Aa2 Aa1 B1 Ba2 Baa3 A1 Aa2 Baa3 Baa3 Aa2 Aa3 Aaa Aa3 A2 Ba3 Aaa Aaa Ba1 Ba2 Sources: ... Standard and Poor’s Standard and Poor’s Rating BBAA AAA AA+ AA B+ AA+ ABBB BBBBBB+ AA+ AAAAA AAA BBBA BB+ A BB+ BBB AA AA AAA AAAAA A+ A BB AAA AA AAA B+ BB BB AAAAA BB+ BB AA AA+ AAA AA+ A B+ ... INVESTMENT-GRADE RATINGS Moody’s Standard and Poor’s Highest quality Aaa AAA High quality Aa1 Aa2 Aa3 AA+ AA AA- Strong payment capacity A1 A2 A3 A+ A A- Adequate payment capacity Baa1 Baa2 Baa3 BBB+...
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International payment service by opening Letter of Credit at Vietnam Eximbank Hanoi Branch.doc

International payment service by opening Letter of Credit at Vietnam Eximbank Hanoi Branch.doc
Ngày tải lên : 27/10/2012, 16:44
... trade carry out as quickly and smoothly as possible After a short time as an intern at Vietnam Eximbank Hanoi Branch, I have gained a lot of practical experiences and learnt that the international ... settling domestic and international credit cards such as EXIMBANK MasterCard, EXIMBANK Visa card, EXIMBANK card, acquiring VISA, MasterCard, and JCB, etc., making payment online by cards This service ... such as issuing Bank Guarantee in favor of domestic clients and clients abroad (payment guarantee, tax payment guarantee, performance bond, bid bond, offerings, warranty bond, advance payment...
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Understanding and Using Letters of Credit part1

Understanding and Using Letters of Credit part1
Ngày tải lên : 05/11/2012, 16:27
... of credit is the primary payment mechanism for a transaction The standby letter of credit serves as a secondary payment mechanism A bank will issue a standby letter of credit on behalf of a customer ... sight and time A sight draft is payable as soon as it is presented for payment The bank is allowed a reasonable time to review the documents before making payment A time draft is not payable until ... parties, make reasonable allowance for the time this may take to complete * After dispatch of the goods, check all the documents both against the terms of the credit and against each other for...
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Phương thức tín dụng chứng từ ( letter of credit )

Phương thức tín dụng chứng từ ( letter of credit )

Ngày tải lên : 13/08/2013, 16:11
... hiệu, đ a điểm ngày mở L/C (No of L/C, place and date of issuing) - Đ a điểm mở (Place of issuing) - Ngày mở (Issuing date) - Tên đ a người thụ hưởng (Beneficiary) - Ngân hàng mở L/C (opening bank; ... bank; issuing bank) - Ngân hàng thông báo (advising bank) - Ngân hàng trả tiền (negotiating bank or paying bank) - Ngân hàng xác nhận (confirming bank) - Số tiền thư tín dụng (Amount of money) ... -Thư tín dụng huỷ ngang (irrevocable letter of credit) -Thư tín dụng huỷ ngang có xác nhận(Confirmed irrevocable letter of credit) -Thư tín dụng giáp lưng(Back to Back lettet of credit) -Thư tín...
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Tài liệu Application and Agreement for Standby Letter of Credit pptx

Tài liệu Application and Agreement for Standby Letter of Credit pptx
Ngày tải lên : 20/12/2013, 17:15
... underlying transaction) as is available to us and as you may from time to time reasonably request; e) our name, type and place of organization (if not an individual), and address as shown in this Agreement ... person may have at any time against any beneficiary or any transferee of the Letter of Credit (or any person for whom any such beneficiary or any such transferee may be acting); or ()d any delay or ... is forged, fraudulent, invalid or insufficient in any respect, or that any statement therein is untrue or inaccurate in any respect whatsoever or that variations in punctuation, capitalization,...
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Tài liệu Security Agreement and Pledge For Use with Letter of Credit pptx

Tài liệu Security Agreement and Pledge For Use with Letter of Credit pptx
Ngày tải lên : 20/12/2013, 17:15
... that his application is subject to final credit approval and that additional information may be required By signing below the Applicant agrees that the Bank may place a hold on the Collateral ... Franchise Tax Board, at any time, and disclose information given Bank to the Applicant All owners / authorized signers must sign and include their titles The Applicant understands and agrees that ... GENERAL PARTNERS FOR SOLE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER OR FOR LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANIES, ALL MEMBERS, MANAGERS OR THOSE AUTHORIZED IN THE OPERATING AGREEMENT TREASURER FOR UNINCORPORATED ASSOCIATIONS,...
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Tài liệu Letter of credit ppt

Tài liệu Letter of credit ppt
Ngày tải lên : 20/12/2013, 19:15
... Seller provides bill of lading to bank in exchange for payment Seller's bank exchanges bill of lading for payment from buyer's bank Buyer's bank exchanges bill of lading for payment from buyer Buyer ... After a contract is concluded between buyer and seller, buyer's bank supplies a letter of credit to seller Seller consigns the goods to a carrier in exchange for a bill of lading Seller ... of lading to carrier and takes delivery of goods Understanding and Using Letters of Credit, Part I Understanding and Using Letters of Credit, Part...
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Tài liệu DENIAL OF CREDIT ppt

Tài liệu DENIAL OF CREDIT ppt
Ngày tải lên : 15/01/2014, 15:59
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Tài liệu An Introduction to Letters of Credit pptx

Tài liệu An Introduction to Letters of Credit pptx
Ngày tải lên : 16/01/2014, 11:37
... markets The agency programs provide financial assistance in the form of grants, loans, subsidies and guarantees Grants, loans and subsidies are forms of direct agency assistance Guarantees are ... but rather it expects the bank to “accept” the draft and to receive payment 60 days later A Banker’s Acceptance is a time draft drawn on a bank which is accepted by the bank and is payable at a ... the Applicant may apply for a Red Clause Letter of Credit The “red clause” in a Letter of Credit authorizes the Issuing Bank or, more typically, a Nominated Bank to make a cash advance (loan)...
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Tài liệu Letter of credit doc

Tài liệu Letter of credit doc
Ngày tải lên : 16/01/2014, 18:20
... Seller provides bill of lading to bank in exchange for payment Seller's bank exchanges bill of lading for payment from buyer's bank Buyer's bank exchanges bill of lading for payment from buyer Buyer ... After a contract is concluded between buyer and seller, buyer's bank supplies a letter of credit to seller Seller consigns the goods to a carrier in exchange for a bill of lading Seller ... Buyer's bank exchanges bill of lading for payment from buyer Buyer provides bill of lading to carrier and takes delivery of goods ...
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Tài liệu Understanding and Using Letters of Credit Part 1 pptx

Tài liệu Understanding and Using Letters of Credit Part 1 pptx
Ngày tải lên : 16/01/2014, 18:20
... party creating it, orders another party to pay money to a third party A draft is also called a bill of exchange There are two types of drafts: sight and time A sight draft is payable as soon as ... primary payment mechanism for a transaction The standby letter of credit serves as a secondary payment mechanism A bank will issue a standby letter of credit on behalf of a customer to provide assurances ... presented for payment The bank is allowed a reasonable time to review the documents before making payment A time draft is not payable until the lapse of a particular time period stated on the draft...
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Tài liệu Understanding and Using Letters of Credit Part 2 doc

Tài liệu Understanding and Using Letters of Credit Part 2 doc
Ngày tải lên : 16/01/2014, 18:20
... defaults to irrevocable See Credit Administration, Sample Procedure for Administration of a Documentary Irrevocable Letters of Credit for a systematic procedure for establishing an irrevocable ... Irrevocable letters of credit are used when trading in a highrisk area where war or social, political, or financial instability are real threats Also common when the seller is unfamiliar with the bank ... credit See Credit Administration, Sample Procedure for Administration of a Standby Letter of Credit for a systematic procedure for establishing a standby letter of credit Special Letters of Credit...
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Tài liệu Commercial Letter of Credit docx

Tài liệu Commercial Letter of Credit docx
Ngày tải lên : 25/01/2014, 14:20
... L/Cs may be confirmed or unconfirmed and Các L/C xác nhận ch a xác nhận, có revocable or irrevocable Confirmed thể huỷ ngang huỷ ngang Những L/C irrevocable L/Cs bear the guarantee of huỷ ngang ... L/C bears the guarantee of the issuing bank Một thư tín dụng huỷ ngang ch a only, and a revocable L/C carries only the xác nhận đảm bảo từ ngân hàng phát importer’s promise to pay and does not hành, ... importer’s a/ c (in hàng nhà nhập ghi nợ tài khoản nhà nhập the case of a sight draft; alternatively, with a (trong trường hợp hối phiếu trả ngay, trường hợp khác, time draft, the importer’s a/ c is...
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Tài liệu Phương thức tín dụng chứng từ ( Letter of Credit- L/C) pdf

Tài liệu Phương thức tín dụng chứng từ ( Letter of Credit- L/C) pdf
Ngày tải lên : 25/01/2014, 18:20
... hiệu, đ a điểm ngày mở L/C (No of L/C, place and date of issuing) - Đ a điểm mở (Place of issuing) - Ngày mở (Issuing date) - Tên đ a người thụ hưởng (Beneficiary) - Ngân hàng mở L/C (opening bank; ... bank; issuing bank) - Ngân hàng thông báo (advising bank) - Ngân hàng trả tiền (negotiating bank or paying bank) - Ngân hàng xác nhận (confirming bank) - Số tiền thư tín dụng (Amount of money) ... -Thư tín dụng huỷ ngang (irrevocable letter of credit) -Thư tín dụng huỷ ngang có xác nhận(Confirmed irrevocable letter of credit) -Thư tín dụng giáp lưng(Back to Back lettet of credit) -Thư tín...
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Tài liệu The Supply and Demand Side Impacts of Credit Market Information pptx

Tài liệu The Supply and Demand Side Impacts of Credit Market Information pptx
Ngày tải lên : 16/02/2014, 03:20
... paper, we take advantage of a rare opportunity to analyze this transformation of microfinance lending as reputation and information become public by combining a natural experiment with a randomized ... the information that the lenders have on him Letting π B the latent variable underlying the decision by the borrower to apply for a loan, this can be formalized as follows: As a cautionary tale ... system appears anomalous, there are good reasons to think that this will be a standard feature of credit reporting systems in microfinance markets The first is that the data management software...
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